Medical Terminology 医学术语基础课程 全英文教学
2023-02-10 22:37 作者:baaaaaaaaw | 我要投稿
LESSON 1 (p1) :
Prefix = Beginning (前缀）
——> Description: Number/ amount, size, location, color, etc.
Root = Middle
——> Subject: Relating to a part of the body.
Suffix = Ending (后缀)
——> Condition: Pertaining (存在、适合用在...） to a process or a procedure; amount, location, etc.
__________________________________
1) Prefixes - Size and Amount:
- Macro- : large; visible to the naked eye
- Micro- : small; not visible to the naked eye (microscope - 显微镜）
- Hyper- : high; above normal; elevated
- Hypo- : low; below normal; decreased
- Eu-/ Normo- : normal
- Pan-/ Omni- : all
- A-/ An- : absent; lacking
- Megalo- : large; larger than average
2) Prefixes - Numerical:
- Mono- : single; singular/ single
- Di- : two; double
- Tri- : three; triple
- Quad- : four; quadruple
- Poly- : many; a lot
- Oligo- : few; several; very little
3) Prefixes - Speed:
- Tachy- : rapid; fast
- Brady-/ Brachy- : slow
↑ (mostly used for the heart)
4) Prefixes - Location:
- Epi-/ Peri-/ Circum- : around
- Endo-/ Intra- : inside; inner; interior
- Exo-/ Extra- : outside; outer; exterior
- Inter- : between
- Trans- : across
- Dia-/ Per- : through; complete
- Medi (o/a)- : middle
- Para- : nearby
- Juxta- : next to; beside; adjacent
5) Prefixes - Movements:
- Ab- : away (abuction - 外展)
- Ad- : toward (adduction - 内收)
- Dis- : to separate
6) Prefixes - Colors:
- Chromo-/ Chromato- : color (chromosome - 染色体)
- Leuko- : white (leukocyte - 白细胞)
- Erythro- : red (erythrocyte - 红细胞)
- Cyano- : blue (cyanosis - 紫绀)
- Chloro- : green (chloroma - 绿色瘤（粒细胞内瘤））
- Melan- : black (melanoma - 黑色素瘤)
- Flav- : yellow
7) Prefixes - Body (general):
- Homeo- : body (homeostasis - 体内稳态)
- Cephalo- : head (cephalopathy - 脑病)
- Cerv- : neck
- Thoraco- : chest
- Abdomino- : abdominal
- Pelvo/i- : pelvic
- Periton- : peritoneum
- Derm- : skin/ dermis
- Neuro- : nerve
- Hemo- : blood (hemostasis - 止血)
- Arterio-/ Angio- : arteries (angiography - 血管造影）
- Veno-/ Vena- : venous
- Vascular- : vascular
- Musculo- : muscle
- Myo-/ Sacro- : muscle
- Skelet- : skeleton; bone
- Osteo- : bone (osteoporosis - 骨质疏松)
- Cyto- : cell
8) Prefixes - Organs (general):
Neck & Thoracic Organs:
- Thyro- : thyroid (甲状腺)
- Tracheo- : trachea
- Esophago- : esophagus
- Thymo- : thymus (胸腺)
- Masto-/ Mammo- : Mammary Gland
- Pulmo-/ Pneumo- : lung (pneumonia - 肺炎)
- Cardio- : heart
Abdominal Organs:
- Gastro- : stomach
- Hepato- : liver (hepatitis - 肝炎)
- Cholecysto- : gallbladder (cholesterol - 胆固醇)
- Spleno- : spleen
- Pancreato- : pancreas
- Adreno- : adrenal gland
- Nephro- : kidney
- Entero- : intestines
- Colo- : colon/ large intestine
___________________________________
Common Suffixes:
- -cyte : cell; cellular
- -ology : study of
- -philia : love of
- -phobia : fear of
- -tension : pressure
- -xia : oxygen
- -capnea : carbon dioxide
- -pnea : air (dyspnea - 呼气困难）
Lesson 1-5 的笔记在主页
