by/over/with“多管闲事”的介词三兄弟，一次性梳理到位！
七七 | by / over / with
1️⃣by 在附近
在…附近
人
- Come and sit by me.
物
- The house is situated by a beautiful river.
自己：“独自地，独立地”
- She does all the housework by herself.
期限：“在…之前”
- By this time next week we'll be in New York.
话题：“对了！”
- By the way，have you Yijiansanlian?
相同名词：循序渐进的速度
- The plant is growing day by day.
- year by year
- little by little
- one by one
- step by step
- drop by drop
- bit by bit
抓、握、拉、牵、拿
人的身体或衣着部分物体的手柄
- She seized her by the hair.
- He took her gently by the arm and led her to a chair.
- lead sb by the hand
- catch sb by the shoulder
- grab sb by fhe throat
- hold up a painting by one corner
经由
某地或某条路线
- He left the house by the back door.
- pass / enter / escape … by the back/side door
- stop / drop by
表方式
靠着，通过，采取
- Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.
- fravel by bus / car / plane / air / land / sea
- 前无修饰！
- on foot
- pay by cheque / cash
“根据…判断”，“依据”，“就…而言”
- lt's not fair to judge people by their appearances.
- l could tell by the look on her face that something terrible had happened.She is Japanese by birth and Chinese by marriage.
- l am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature.
“相比之下”
by contrast / comparison
- （in contrast / comparison）
By law，you are a child until you are 18.
The students refused to play the game by the rules.
- by mistake：误…
- by accident：意外地
- by chance：偶然
与the连用，表示时间或量度单位（标准）
We rented the car by the day.
- 按日祖用
They're paid by the hour.
- 按小时计酬
We only sell it by the meter.
- 按米出售
- by the dozen：成打的
- by the hundreds：成百上千
被…
- We were always amazed by his confidence.
- 为，受到，由，给……
- Pride and Prejudice is one of the finest novels written by Jane Austen.
- 由…创作，设计，演奏
The price went up by 10%.
The bullet missed him by two inches.
- 表程度
- 提高 / 降低的比率 / 数目
- to“到"具体的数目
They sleep by day and hunt by night.
- 趁着白天 / 黑夜 / 光亮…
The room is about 20 feet by 15 feet.
- 表“长和宽”
What do you mean by "luck” ?
- 表“特定词或短语的意义”
2️⃣over 如弧形一般覆盖…的上方
…的上方
- There was a lamp hanging over the table.
覆盖
- She is putting a blanket over her daughter.
- He was wearing a light-grey suit over a shirt.
- fold one's arms over one's chest
- 双臂交叉在胸前
- Her hair flopped over her eyes.
- 头发聋拉下来遮住了眼睛
一头到另一头
那一头（位置变换）
- The college is just over the road from the station.
- get over：恢复过来；克服
- take over：接管
遍及
- There were tiny pieces of glass all over the road.
- She has traveled all over the United States.
从头到尾，在…期间
- Are you doing anything over the weekend？
- Let's have a chat over a cup of coffee.
留宿过夜：stay / sleep over
仔细检查：look / go over
监视：watch / stand over
- How many pounds did you put on over Christmas / the holiday？
- Being too tired, my brother went to sleep over his work.
一头到另一头：“过”
In the U.K.，people over the age of 65 travel on the bus for free.
- 超过
Water flow over the sidewalks.
- 漫过 / 溢出
run over fhe bank
- 冲 / 跑过
fall / stumble / trip绊倒 over the rocks
- He is over me in the office.
- l heard the news over the radio.
- l can't talk over the telephone.
- People always fight over money.
3️⃣with 伴随
伴随…
人、物、事（动作、情感）
She goes snowboarding with her friends.
- a dog with brown eyes
- begin with a capital letter
- with a sigh / pleasure
“身上带着...”
- have / carry / take / bring with sb
具有或显示出某性质特征
- students with glasses
- pieces of paper with marks on them
- a country with a history of more than 5000 years
或情感、表情
- be wild with joy
- be speechless with rage
- greet sb with a smile
- smile with embarrassment
状态
He often sleeps with the windows open.
- with + n. + adv.
- with no clothes on
- with + n. + V-ing / V-ed.
- with tears streaming down
- with my homework done
和 / 与…
be with
agree with
chat with
come with
compare with
compete with
discuss with
fight with
go well with
level with
- 与…保持相同水平 / 得分
match with
quarrel with
by contrast with
- 和…对照 / 比起来
方式
by+无形的事物,直接的"手段”
with+有形的事物/材料，“工具""用料”
- Cut it with a knife.
- Skill is gained by practice.
- be filled with
- decorafe/ furnish sth with
- With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out and ran along the street.
- Live not by tears to win sympathy, but by the sweat to win applause,
be angry with + 人
- He was still a little angry with her.
be angry at + 事
- Students were angry at being treated like childrens
be faced with：面对（被迫）
be familiar with：熟悉
be acquainted with：相识，熟悉
be obsessed with：着迷
be careful / patient / popular with
表示某种状态 / 品质 / 行为所关联、涉及或影响到的东西
I'll go with the burger, medium rare.
That tie goes with his shirt.
To be frank with you, ...
l am not quite with you.
- WeChat users born in the 1970s are an optimistic group, who like touse the "smiling face with a hand over a mouth" emoji and are keenon browsing WeChat Moment.
- The mother set the toy gently by the side of the sleeping child.
- The child cut the newspaper into pieces with a pair of scissors.
