拉丁语翻译笔记 喀提林阴谋(6)

背景、符号标记等见序言

21.1 Postquam accepere ea homines, (quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla), tametsi illis <quieta movere> (magna) merces videbatur, tamen postulavere plerique, [ut proponeret], {<quae> condicio (belli) foret}, {(quae) praemia [armis] peterent}, {quid [ubique] (opis aut spei) haberent}.

洛：When these words fell upon the ears of men who had misfortune of every kind in excess but neither means nor any honourable hope, although disorder alone seemed to them an ample reward, yet many of them called upon him to explain the conditions under which war would be waged, what the prizes of victory would be, and what resources or prospects they would have and in what quarter.

试：After those men heard, to whom there had been all bad things in abundance, but also neither possessions nor any god expectation, though to them it seemed of great reward to shake the peace, many men still demanded, as he claimed, what the condition of war would be, what reward would they seek with arms, what power or hope would they have and when.

思考：

1. 间接话语和多个从句的嵌套，分析如上。

2. quae condicio belli foret一句中quae是复数，它与foret不一致，故主语是单数的condicio，quae是表语。

 

21.2 Tum Catilina polliceri tabulas novas, proscriptionem locupletium, magistratus, sacerdotia, rapinas, alia omnia, quae bellum atque lubido victorum fert.

洛：Thereupon Catiline promised abolition of debts, the proscription of the rich, offices, priesthoods, plunder, and all the other spoils that war and the license of victors can offer.

试：Then Catiline promised abolition of old accounts, proscription of the rich, magistracy, priesthood, plunders, all things else, that war and desire for victory brings.

 

21.3 Praeterea esse in Hispania citeriore Pisonem, in Mauretania cum exercitu P. Sittium Nucerinum, consili sui participes; petere consulatum C. Antonium, quem sibi collegam fore speraret, hominem et familiarem et omnibus necessitudinibus circumventum;

洛：He added that Piso was in Hither Spain, Publius Sittius of Nuceria in Mauretania with an army, both of whom were partners in his plot; that Gaius Antonius was a candidate for the consulship, and, he hoped, would be his colleague,a man who was an intimate friend of his and was beset by every sort of necessity;

试：Besides he promised that Piso was in nearer Spain, Publius Sittius of Nuceria was in Mauretania with an army, as confidants of his plan; promised that Gaius Antonius sought consulship, whom to himself he hoped to be comrade, a man and his acquaintance, surrounded by all needs.

思考：

1. 整句话继承了上一句的谓语polliceri（句中省略），故也包括在间接话语中。

2. hominem et familiarem...是C. Antonium的同位语。

 

21.4 cum eo se consulem initium agundi facturum. Ad hoc maledictis increpabat omnis bonos, suorum unumquemque nominans laudare; admonebat alium egestatis, alium cupiditatis suae, compluris periculi aut ignominiae, multos victoriae Sullanae, quibus ea praedae fuerat.

洛：consul with him, he would launch his undertaking. Thereupon he heaped maledictions upon all good citizens, lauded each of his own followers by name; he reminded one of his poverty, another of his ambition, several of their danger or disgrace, many of the victory of Sulla, which they had found a source of booty.

试：and with that man he, as consul, would make the beginning of action. In addition, he rebuked all good men with abuses, praised each of his men individually, mentioning by name; he reminded one of indigence, another of desire, several of risk or dishonour, many of Sulla’s victory, to whom that was for plunder.

 

21.5 Postquam omnium animos alacris videt, cohortatus, ut petitionem suam curae haberent, conventum dimisit.

洛：When he saw that their spirits were all aflame, he dismissed the meeting, urging them to have his candidacy at heart.

试：After he saw all people’s spirits, cheerful, encouraged, as they had his request of care, he sent the united men out.

 

段落大意 (21)：

特别对于那些处境艰难，毫无希望的人，喀提林许诺了许多报酬。他同时说明了局势将会对他们有利，他们有包括执政官候选人安托尼乌斯在内的许多盟友。他反复强调成功的诱惑，直到调动起所有人的情绪。

 

22.1 Fuere [ea tempestate], (qui dicerent {Catilinam oratione habita, [cum ad ius iurandum popularis sceleris sui adigeret], humani corporis sanguinem vino permixtum in pateris circumtulisse:

洛：It was said at the time that when Catiline, after finishing his address, compelled the participants in his crime to take an oath, he passed around bowls of human blood mixed with wine;

试：There were some at that time, who spoke that with the oration ended, Catiline, since he put am associate of his crime on oath, handed around human blood mixed with wine in bowls.

1. 定语从句嵌套间接话语，其中又嵌套状语从句。

 

22.2 inde cum post exsecrationem omnes degustavissent, sicuti in sollemnibus sacris fieri consuevit, aperuisse consilium suum}); atque eo +dictitare+ {fecisse, ([quo] [inter se] <fidi magis> forent alius alii (tanti facinoris conscii))}.

洛：that when after an imprecation upon traitors all had tasted it, as is usual in solemn rites, he disclosed his project and his end in so doing was, they say, that they might be more faithful to one another because they shared the guilty knowledge of so dreadful a deed.

试：from that time, since after the course all men tasted of it, just as it was accustomed to be made in sacred rites, he revealed his plan; and with that the people spoke he did this, by which they were more faithful between each other, one to another, sharing the knowledge of such deed.

思考：

1. 此句前段inde cum...consilium suum仍然包括在先前的间接话语内，因此所有Catilina的谓语都是不定式。

2. 此句后段atque eo...中跳出了先前的间接话语，但又使用了新的间接话语。即dictitare是以之前提到的“那些人”（也还是22.1的主语）为主语，使用历史不定式的谓语。将之理解为受fecisse支配的不定式（主语是Catilina）是错误的，这一点可以联系后文验证，也可以根据本句的结构（分号分隔两个关联较低的句子）看出。

3. atque eo...这一句还有其他的一些版本，没有使用历史不定式，反而更易辨别。

4. 间接话语fecisse...省略了宾语。quo inter...是这个宾语的定语从句，在这个从句内部应用一致原则可以判定主语是复数的“喀提林的同伙”，tanti...conscii与其一致（tanti facinoris是受conscii支配的属格），但在此基础上，alius ali难以确定成分。洛译的处理相当模糊，笔者姑且将其当作类似固定搭配的状语来处理，希望有更好的解释。

 

22.3 Nonnulli (ficta) et haec et multa praeterea existumabant [ab iis], (qui {(Ciceronis) invidiam, quae postea orta est, leniri} credebant [atrocitate sceleris eorum], (qui poenas dederant)).

洛：Others thought that these and many other details were invented by men who believed that the hostility which afterwards arose against Cicero would be moderated by exaggerating the guilt of the conspirators whom he had put to death.

试：Some people estimated this thing an many things besides were forged by those, who believed to soften the odium of Cicero by the heinousness of their evil, which rose up, who gave penalties.

 

22.4 Nobis ea res pro magnitudine parum comperta est.

洛：For my own part I have too little evidence for pronouncing upon a matter of such weight.

试：To me that thing was little discovered in proportion to its greatness.

 

段落大意 (22)：

据说喀提林还用活人献祭来举行结成同盟的仪式。但也有人说关于喀提林密谋的种种细节都是西塞罗的支持者编造的。作者缺少用于辨别的证据。

 

23.1 Sed in ea coniuratione fuit Q. Curius, natus haud obscuro loco, flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus, quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant.

洛：Now one of the members of the conspiracy was Quintus Curius, a man of no mean birth but guilty of many shameful crimes, whom the censors had expelled from the senate because of his immorality.

试：But Quintus Curius was in that conspiracy, born in a place by no means obscure, overwhelmed with scandals and civil deeds, whom censors dislodged from the senate for the sake of his reproach.

 

23.2 Huic homini non minor vanitas inerat quam audacia: neque reticere, quae audierat, neque suamet ipse scelera occultare, prorsus neque dicere neque facere quicquam pensi habebat.

洛：This man was as untrustworthy as he was reckless; he could neither keep secret what he had heard nor conceal even his own misdeeds he was utterly regardless of what he did or said.

试：To this man, vanity was no less than audacity: he neither kept silent to the thing which he heard, nor concealed his own crimes, in short he neither had regard for speaking anything nor for making anything.

思考：

1. reticere省略了宾语。

 

23.3 Erat ei cum Fulvia, muliere nobili, stupri vetus consuetudo. Cui cum minus gratus esset, quia inopia minus largiri poterat, repente glorians maria montisque polliceri coepit et minari interdum ferro, ni sibi obnoxia foret, postremo ferocius agitare quam solitus erat.

洛：He had an intrigue of long standing with Fulvia, a woman of quality, and when he began to lose her favour be-cause poverty compelled him to be. less lavish, he suddenly fell to boasting, began to promise her seas and mountains, and sometimes to threaten his mistress with the steel if she did not bow to his will in brief, to show much greater assurance than before.

试：A long intercourse of disgrace was to him with Fulvia, a noble woman. To her since he was less pleasing, because he was not able to lavish for indigence, he boasting suddenly, began to promise seas and mountains and to threaten with sword occasionally, if she was not liable to himself, at last he was more haughty to move than accustomed.

思考：

1. 注意省略的主语以及主语的突变：cui指代Fulvia，而esset，poterat，coepit的主语都是Curius，但ni...foret的主语又换成了Fulvia。从上下文来看不难辨别，但仍需当心。

 

23.4 At Fulvia insolentiae Curi causa cognita tale periculum rei publicae haud occultum habuit, sed sublato auctore de Catilinae coniuratione, (quae quoque modo audierat), compluribus narravit.

洛：But Fulvia, when she learned the cause of her lover's overbearing conduct, had no thought of concealing such a peril to her country, but without mentioning the name of her informant she told a number of people what she had heard of Catiline's conspiracy from various sources.

试：But Fulvia, with the cause of Curius’ insolence known, made such danger of the state not concealed at all, but with the producer removed, she told it to many people, which she heard in each way about Catiline’s conspiracy.

思考：

1. conpluribus(.p.d)是narravit的间接宾语，直接宾语省略。quae...audierat是直接宾语的定语从句。它不是一个间接疑问的宾语从句（实名质疑perseus的翻译），因为动词audierat没有使用虚拟式。如果说洛译将其当作宾语从句处理的理由是为了通顺，那么perseus上译为what...and under what circumstances就是明显的不当。有关这个从句的处理希望得到更好的解释。

2. 接上一条，quoque的理解也是一个难点。可以理解为n..b(quodque)，也可理解为副词。但不应理解为quo+que(et que)，理由见上条。洛译使用的是不定代词，但或许副词的理解似乎也能成立，判定的进一步依据为何？

 

23.5 Ea res in primis studia hominum accendit ad consulatum mandandum M. Tullio Ciceroni.

洛：It was this discovery in particular which aroused a general desire to confer the consulate upon Marcus Tullius Cicero;

试：That thing especially inflamed people’s eagerness to entrust consulship to Marcus Tullius Cicero.

 

23.6 Namque antea pleraque nobilitas invidia aestuabat et quasi pollui consulatum credebant, si eum quamvis egregius homo novus adeptus foret. Sed ubi periculum advenit, invidia atque superbia post fuere.

洛：for before that most of the nobles were consumed with jealousy and thought the office in a way prostituted if a “new man,” however excellent, should obtain it. But when danger came, jealousy and pride fell into the background.

试：And for previously the most noble class burned with envy and they believed the consulship as if polluted, if he, the new man, however much surpassed, obtained it. But when danger came, envy and haughtiness went behind.

 

段落大意 (23)：

在同谋者中，克温图斯·库里乌斯肆意妄为而口无遮拦。他觉得计划已然胜券在握，因此在情人富尔维娅面前表现得越发狂妄。而后者也无意隐瞒，阴谋的内容便传播开来。于是，贵族们情愿让才能出众的新人西塞罗成为执政官来应对危机。

 

24.1 Igitur comitiis habitis consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. Antonius. Quod factum primo popularis coniurationis concusserat.

洛：Accordingly, when the elections had been held Marcus Tullius and Gaius Antonius were proclaimed consuls, and this at first filled the conspirators with consternation.

试：Therefore, with elections held, Marcus Tullius and Gaius Antonius were declared. That at first shook the associate of conspiracy.

 

24.2 Neque tamen Catilinae furor minuebatur, sed in dies plura agitare: arma per Italiam locis opportunis parare, pecuniam sua aut amicorum fide sumptam mutuam Faesulas ad Manlium quendam portare, qui postea princeps fuit belli faciundi.

洛：And yet Catiline's frenzy did not abate. On the contrary, he increased his activity every day, made collections of arms at strategic points in Italy, and borrowed money on his own credit or that of his friends, sending it to Faesulae to a certain Manlius, who afterwards was the first to take the field.

试：However nor Catiline’s frenzy was lessened, but he set more energy to violent motion everyday: he prepared weapons throughout Italy in suitable places, brought the taken money, which borrowed by his or his friends’ credit to Faesulae to somebody named Manlius, who afterwards was the the first making war.

思考：

1. 从sed in...起改用历史不定式。

2. pecuniam...potare有双宾语，Faesulas是地名，Manlium是人名。

 

24.3 Ea tempestate plurumos cuiusque generis homines adscivisse sibi dicitur, mulieres etiam aliquot, quae primo ingentis sumptus stupro corporis toleraverant, post, ubi aetas tantummodo quaestui neque luxuriae modum fecerat, aes alienum grande conflaverant.

洛：At that time Catiline is said to have gained the support of many men of all conditions and even of some women; the latter at first had met their enormous expenses by prostitution, but later, when their time of life had set a limit to their traffic but not to their extravagance, had contracted a huge debt.

试：At that time, he is said to adopt great many men of each family to himself, also some women, who supported the huge expense by the disgrace of body, afterwards, when the age only just to profit didn’t make a manner of extravagance, they forged a large debt.

 

24.4 Per eas se Catilina credebat posse servitia urbana sollicitare, urbem incendere, viros earum vel adiungere sibi vel interficere.

洛：Through their help Catiline believed that he could tempt the city slaves to his side and set fire to Rome; and then either attach the women's husbands to his cause or make away with them.

试：Through those women Catiline believed he was able to shook the city’s slavery, to burn the city, to attach their men to himself or to kill them.

 

段落大意 (24)：
随后西塞罗和盖乌斯·安托尼乌斯被选为执政官。这一度动摇了阴谋集团，但喀提林加紧了行动。他在全意大利准备武器，筹款送往费租莱的曼利乌斯。据说喀提林纠集的各种人中还有一些以色相为生的女人。喀提林希望通过她们控制和她们有关的男人。