wiki笔记--Intercalated cells of the amygdala--2022/9/24
Intercalated cells of the amygdala
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The intercalated (ITC) cells of the amygdala are a group of GABAergic neurons situated between the basolateral and central nuclei of the amygdala that are important for inhibitory control over the amygdala.[1]
Contents
· 1Function
· 2Structure
· 3Connectivity
· 4See also
· 5References
Function[edit]
ITC cells are thought to play a role as the 'off switch' for the amygdala, inhibiting the amygdala's central nucleus output neurons and its basolateral nucleus neurons.[1] Some researchers speculate that ITC cells, via their extensive local inhibition within the amygdala, could serve as a substrate for expression and storage of extinction memory.[1]
Structure[edit]
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2010)
Connectivity[edit]
ITC cells receive strong projections from the infralimbic cortex (IL mPFC) in both primates and rodents,[1] which may explain cortical control over emotional regulation processes such as extinction.
Extinction is a behavioral phenomenon observed in both operantly conditioned and classically conditioned behavior, which manifests itself by fading of non-reinforced conditioned response over time. When operant behavior that has been previously reinforced no longer produces reinforcing consequences the behavior gradually stops occurring.[1] In classical conditioning, when a conditioned stimulus is presented alone, so that it no longer predicts the coming of the unconditioned stimulus, conditioned responding gradually stops. For example, after Pavlov's dog was conditioned to salivate at the sound of a metronome, it eventually stopped salivating to the metronome after the metronome had been sounded repeatedly but no food came.
（这个例子很好地解释了Extinction的意思，就是需要先有conditioned to salivate at the sound of a metronome，然后再发生stopped salivating to the metronome after the metronome had been sounded repeatedly but no food came，后面的过程就叫Extinction。）
Many anxiety disorders such as post traumatic stress disorder are believed to reflect, at least in part, a failure to extinguish conditioned fear.
(可能Extinction的意思是extinguish conditioned fear。anxiety disorders是经历了某事件后产生的emotional后遗症，这种emotional 后遗症不再发生了就叫Extinction，属于emotional regulation中的一种。)
