Lesson 68 Persistent

·单词

persistent adj.    坚持的，固执的; 坚持不断的，重复出现的

    ·persistent efforts    不懈努力

    ·persistent conflicts    持久的冲突

    ·a persistent smell    持久的气味

    ·persistence n.    坚持不懈，固执，持续存在

    ·persist v.    坚持，固执，持续存在

    ·persistent 做动词时要搭配介词 in，persist in ...

        ·The minority of drivers persist in drinking.    少数司机坚持饮酒

avoid v.    避开

    ·avoid + n./doing sth.    注意，不能接 to do

        ·Try to avoid accidents while you are driving.

        ·No one can avoid making mistakes but we should avoid making the same mistakes.

insist v.    坚持做，坚持认为，坚决要求

    ·insist 做动词时要搭配介词 on，insist on ...

        ·He always insists on coming with you.

persist in vs. insist on

    ·persist in    持续存在，持续的做，延续动作的坚持

    ·insist on    坚持自己的观点，有坚定的立场

·本课句型

非谓语动词 doing

1.相当于名词用 —— 动名词（动名词的逻辑主语）

    ·作主语

        ·Fishing is my favourite sport.

    ·介词后，作宾语

        ·I often fish for hours without catching anything.

    ·有些动词后，作宾语

        ·I like playing this game.

2.修饰名词或句子，表示主动/正在进行 —— 现在分词

    ·Passing planes can be heard night and day.    修饰名词，主动经过的飞机

    ·Looking round, I realized that I was the only passenger.    修饰句子，主动看了一圈

什么叫逻辑主语？

    ·就是强调动作的发出者，如果是 would you mind (your) coming，我说话，问你介意你的到来吗？问的人 you 和 come 的动作的发出者一样，那么 your 就可以省略，反之 would you mind my coming，我说话，问你介意我的到来吗，这个时候问的人和动作的发出者不一样了，所以就要加形容词性物主代词，强调逻辑关系，也可以用名词所有格。

名词（doing 动名词） + 名词    表示功能用途

    ·waiting room    用来等候的房

    ·a sleeping bag    用来睡觉的袋子，睡袋    L27

    ·a swimming pool    用来游泳的池塘，游泳池    L37

    ·a packing case    用来打包的箱子，包装箱    L66

    ·a fishing boat    用来钓鱼的船，渔船    L82

·课文

    I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. He never has anything to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.

    'Hello, Nigel,' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!'

    'Hi, Elizabeth,' Nigel answered. 'I was just wondering how to spend the morning —— until I saw you. You're not busy doing anything, are you ?'

    'No, not at all,' I answered. 'I'm going to ...'

    'Would you mind my coming with you?' he asked, before I had finished speaking.

    'Not at all,' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.'

    'Then I'll come with you,' he answered. 'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room!'

It was no use pretending that I had not seen him.

    ·It 形式主语，pretending that I had not seen him 是真正的主语，use 做名词，而 that I had not seen him 是动名词 pretending 的宾语从句

no matter how = however    无论如何：表示不论某种情况或条件如何，都不会影响结果或决定，引出让步状语从句

    ·no matter 常与 how, when, where, waht, who 等引导的从句相连，可译成 “无论”

        ·No matter where you are    无论你是在哪里

        ·no matter what you do    无论你在做什么

I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.

    ·had to do sth.    过去必须做某事

    ·think of...    考虑，想起

    ·a way of...    一种方式

    ·prevent sb. from doing sth.    阻止某人做某事，介词 from 可以省略

        ·from    有 used to show that sth is prevented （表示防止）使免遭，使免受 的意思

            ·She saved him from drowning.    她救了他一命，使他免遭淹死

    ·follow sb. around    跟着某人到处走

Fancy meeting you here    想不到在这见到你！fancy + -ing 表示对后面的 -ing 所表示的动作感到惊奇

You're not busy doing anything, are you?    你不忙，是吧?

    ·be busy (in) doing sth.    忙于做某事

Would you mind my coming with you?    你介意我跟你一起去吗？

    ·would you mind    你介意吗：用于礼貌地征求对方意见或请求对方帮忙的表达

    ·my coming    我的到来，coming n.    到来，来临，my doing 动名词的逻辑主语

·知识拓展

You're not busy doing anything, are you?    你不忙，是吧?

反意疑问句：

    ·构成：它是由陈述旬加上简略疑间句构成的

    ·特点：如果陈述句是肯定的，那么疑问句用否定形式；反之，陈述句是否定的，疑问句用肯定形式

    ·写法：先将前半句相反，再疑问

练习

He plays basketball well, ____?

    ·play 相反 doesn't play，再疑问 doesn't he

He finished his work, ____?

    ·didn’t he

You can’t understand me, ____?

    ·can't 相反 can，再疑问  can you

He hasn’t left the office, ____?

    ·has he

 反义疑问句    回答

You don’t love me, do you?

是的，我不爱。 No, I don’t.

不是的，我爱。 Yes,I do.