上级不当监管/abusive supervision

上级不当监管又称上级辱虐管理、苛责式管理，是破坏型领导的一种，它是指在上下级接触中下属感受到来自上级的持续性敌意对待，最典型的表现为恐吓、威胁及语言或非语言的“冷暴力”。

「应用场景」

破坏性工作场所的后果是毁灭性的，对工作团队和个人都有伤害。例如，我和我的同事经过多次研究，发现虐待性的环境会对团队的集体效能产生负面影响，表明该团队已经失去充分执行任务的信心。此外，虐待性的工作环境破坏了团队成员之间的重要纽带，进一步导致绩效和公民行为的降低，这意味着员工不太可能互相帮助和支持。有毒的工作场所也损害了个人在工作领域之外的生活。员工报告说，他们感到情绪低落，体验到较低的幸福感，甚至增加了家庭冲突（即工作与家庭的冲突）。

As such, the outcomes of destructive workplaces are devastating, harming work teams and individuals alike. For example, in a multi-study effort, my colleagues and I discovered that abusive climates negatively impact a work group’s collective efficacy, which indicates that the team has lost its confidence to adequately perform a given task. Furthermore, abusive work environments destroy important bonds between team members, which further results in reduced performance and citizenship behaviors, meaning that employees are less likely to help and support each other. Toxic workplaces also impair the lives of individuals beyond the work realm. Employees report feeling emotionally drained, experience lower well-being, and even increased conflict at home (i.e., work-family conflict).

鉴于虐待型老板的有害后果，关键在于采取措施改变这种行为。我最近的研究试图通过询问主管和员工是否愿意解决工作中的上级不当监管，来提供答案。

Given the harmful consequences of abusive bosses, the question is what can be done to change this behavior. My latest research sought to provide answers by asking both supervisors and employees about their willingness to address abusive supervision at work.

以上文字选自：https://hbr.org/2020/06/times-up-for-toxic-workplace

Time’s Up for Toxic Workplaces

Manuela Priesemuth丨文

马冰仑 丨编辑