1.2 英语中常用使役动词
汉语中使役动词较少，因此我们在平时的口语和写作中习惯于使用“make somebody do
something”，而想不到使用英语使役动词，其实英语中有许多使役动词，这里仅列举部
分使役动词，以期达到抛砖引玉效果。
1. lose vt 使（某人）损失
a. Such insolence will lose you your situation.
如此无礼的态度将会使你失去你的职位。
b.This remark lost him our sympathy. 此话使我们对他失去了同情心。
2. work vt 使工作；使活动；
a. The employer worked me nearly to death. 老板让我累到几乎快死了。
b. Don’t work him too hard. 不要让他工作太累。
3. absorb vt 使全神贯注
a. His business absorbs him. 他的业务使他全神贯注。(他全神贯注于他的业务。)
b. He was absorbed in a book. 他全神贯注于一本书。
4. absent vt 使缺席
Why did you absent yourself from school yesterday?
5. sleep vt 为（某些人）提供住宿
a.This hotel sleeps 300 guests. 这家旅馆可以容纳 300 名房客。
b. Studios sleeping two people cost £70 a night. 两人公寓房每晚 70 英镑。
6. accommodate vt 供给住宿
The hotel can accommodate 600 guests. 这家旅馆可以容纳 600 名房客。
7. seat vt 有座位；可容纳…的座位
a.The hall seats/ will seat 200.这个大厅有 200 人的座位。（大厅可容纳 200 人。）
b. a seating plan for the dinner guest. 晚宴嘉宾的座位安排。
c. the seating capacity of the hall. 大厅的容纳能力。
8. accustom vt 使习惯于
become/ be accustomed to. 习惯于。
9. acclimatize : vt 使（自己、动物、植物等）习惯于新的气候
You will soon get acclimatized. 你会很快适应的。
10. condition vt 使适应；使受影响；使习惯于
a. We could be conditioned into mistaken views.
我们可能会被影响而接受错误的观点。
b. We are conditioned to think that our lives revolve around great moments.
我们习惯性认为，我们的生活总是围绕那些美好的时刻。
11. He will worry himself to death. 他会愁死。
12. The meeting was adjourned for a week. 会议休会一周。
13. The meeting adjourned at five o’clock. 会议五点钟休会。
14. The noise of the shot alarmed hundreds of birds.
成百上千只鸟受到了枪声惊吓。
15. Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break out.
大家都对战争可能爆发这件事感到忧虑。（alarm vt 使恐慌；使忧虑）
16. The boy was apprenticed to a carpenter. 这个男孩成为一个木工学徒。
17. Shame flushed his cheeks. 羞愧使他的脸红了。
18. The men were flushed with success/ joy/insolence. 那些人因胜利而得意。
19. The ship was manned. 船上配备了人员。
20. staff a new school. 预备一个新学校的人员。
21. a well-staffed hospital. 人员充足的医院。
22. an under-staffed office. 人员不足的机关。
23. The birds were silhouetted against the bright sky.
明亮的天空中映出鸟的轮廓。
24. a line of hills profiled/defined/ outlined against the night sky
以夜空为背景的群山的轮廓。（profile vt 作…之侧面像；描绘…之轮廓）
25. Farm houses in the valleys today are outlined by trees of the scattered woodlands.
山谷中的农房掩映在分散的树林之中。
26. In the early dawn, the guard towers were silhouetted against the sky.
黎明时，天空映出了瞭望塔的轮廓。
27. He stopped to rest his horse. 他停下来让马休息。
28. divert the course of a river. 改变河道。（divert. 使转向；使改道）
29. Some people are easily diverted. 有一些人的注意力容易转变。
30. landscape diversified by hills and woods.
由于山林穿插而变化有致的景色。
31. Our factory is trying to diversify (its range of products) .
我们厂正试图使产品多元化。（diversify vt 使不同，使变化）
32. The enemy was strongly entrenched on the other side of the river.
敌军在河的彼岸以坚固的壕沟防自己。
33. foolish behavior that estranged all his friends.
使所有的朋友与之疏远的愚行。（estrange vt 使疏远）
34. He is estranged from his wife. 他和妻子分居了。
35. By adopting this policy, they risk alienating many of their supporters.
他冒着与他的支持者疏远的风险，采取这项政策。（alienate vt 使疏远）
36. Don’t alienate yourself from the masses. 不要脱离群众。
37. Simple praise is enough to content him. 简单的称赞就能使他满足了。
38. And they contented themselves with the big group of caves.
他们对这组大的洞穴感到满意。
39. To look upon its grass-grown yard, 看其长满荒草的院子。
40. E. coli sickens 73,000 Americans yearly, and in the U. K. mad-cow disease had
killed 156 people, whose brains degenerated when they ate meat contained with the
errant proteins that cause the disease.
大肠杆菌一年使 7.3 万美国人患病，在英国，疯牛病夺去了 156 人的生命——这些人吃了
会引起疯牛病的传染性蛋白质所感染的牛肉后，他们的大脑就退化了。
41. She has grown her hair long. 她已经让她的头发长长了。
42. It was the new, modern, undeferential Britain that celebrated Diana as a rebel
against authority, scandalizing those who still cling to Victorian ideas of order.
是一个新型的、现代的不再恭从等级秩序的英国把戴安娜当做权威的反抗者来歌颂，令那
些仍死守维多利亚时代秩序观念的愤慨不已。
scandalize. 使惊骇；使起反感；诽谤。
43. He was cast as an oriental ruler. 他扮演一位东方统治者。
cast vt 给…分配角色。
44. It is three years since he graduated. 他毕业三年了。
45. The university graduated 1500 students last year.
该大学去年有 1500 位学生毕业。
46. This certificate qualifies the products. 这份证书证明产品合格。
47. The courses qualify you as an instructor of the sport.
修完这些课程你就有资格当这项运动的教练。
48. We hope to qualify boxers in eight categories for the Beijing Olympics, from 48kg
to 75kg.
我们希望在 48 公斤级到 75 公斤级 8 个拳击项目上，都能进军北京奥运会。
词 汇 积 累
1. case n 实例，例子
a. Do case studies. 案例分析。
b. in any case. 无论如何。
c. Here is one case. 举个例子。
d. an isolated case. 个案。
d. solve the case. 破案。
2. cash n 现金
a. cash income. 现金收入。
b. send cash prizes. 发现金奖。
3. category n 种类；范畴
a. age categories. 年龄组。
b. category of the beauty. 美的范畴（内涵）。
4. cave n 洞穴
cave people. 洞穴人。
5. ceiling n 天花板
ceiling light. 天花板上的灯。
