【龙腾网】英国拟对40岁以上的人收取更多税收，以填补养老金漏洞
正文翻译
Over-40s in UK to pay more tax under plans to fix social care crisis
- Matt Hancock is advocate of plan to raise tax to cover cost of care in later life
根据社会保障危机解决计划，40岁以上的英国人将支付更多的税收
——马特·汉考克提倡提高税收以支付自己晚年的医疗费用
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(The plans are being examined by Boris Johnson’s new taskforce and the Department of Health and Social Care.)
（鲍里斯·约翰逊的新工作组与卫生和社会福利部正在审查这些计划。）
新闻：
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Everyone over 40 would start contributing towards the cost of care in later life under radical plans being studied by ministers to finally end the crisis in social care, the Guardian can reveal.
据英国《卫报》报道，根据大臣们正在研究的一项激进计划，40岁以上的人将开始对自己的晚年缴纳医疗费用，以最终结束社会福利危机。
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Under the plan over-40s would have to pay more in tax or national insurance, or be compelled to insure themselves against hefty bills for care when they are older. The money raised would then be used to pay for the help that frail elderly people need with washing, dressing and other activities if still at home, or to cover their stay in a care home.
根据该计划，40岁以上的人将不得不支付更多的税款或国民保险，或者被迫在年老时为自己投保，以应对高额的医疗费用。筹得的钱将被用来支付那些虚弱的老人在家里需要的洗漱、穿衣和其他活动的费用，或者支付他们在养老院的住院费。
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The plans are being examined by Boris Johnson’s new health and social care taskforce and the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC). They are gaining support as the government’s answer to the politically perilous question of who should pay for social care.
鲍里斯·约翰逊的新卫生和社会关怀小组以及卫生和社会福利部正在审查这些计划。政府对谁应该为社会福利买单这一政治危险问题的回答正在为他们赢得支持。
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Sources say the principle of over-40s meeting the cost of a reformed system of care for the ageing population is emerging as the government’s preferred option for fulfilling the prime minister’s pledge just over a year ago to “fix the crisis in social care once and for all”. Social care is a devolved matter but the plans could apply to the whole of the UK as they may involve the tax system.
消息人士称，为了兑现首相一年前“一劳永逸地解决社会保障危机”的承诺，让40岁以上的老人承担改革后的老龄人口保障体系所需费用的原则，正成为政府的首选方案。社会保障是一个被移交的问题，但这些计划可能适用于整个英国，因为它们可能涉及税收体系。
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In Japan everyone starts contributing once they reach 40. In Germany everyone pays something towards that cost from the time they start working, and pensioners contribute too. Currently 1.5% of every person’s salary, and a further 1.5% from employers or pension funds, are ringfenced to pay for care in later life.
在日本，每个人到了40岁就开始交钱。在德国，每个人从开始工作的时候就会支付一定的费用，养老金领取者也会支付。目前，是每个人工资的1.5%，还有1.5%来自雇主或养老基金，被圈起来用于支付晚年的医疗费用。
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Older people in Germany who have had their needs assessed can use the money to pay carers to help them with personal tasks at home, or for care home fees or even to give to relatives and friends for helping to look after them.
在德国，经过需求评估的老年人可以用这笔钱付钱给照顾他们的人，让他们帮他们完成家里的个人任务，或者支付养老院的费用，甚至给帮助照顾他们的亲戚和朋友。
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One source with knowledge of the government’s deliberations said: “The latest thinking is that there’s a preference for some sort of Japanese-style model where once you are over 40 you start paying into a central risk pool. They are deadly serious about that.”
一位了解政府讨论的消息人士表示：“最新的想法是，人们倾向于某种日本式的模式，即一旦你过了40岁，你就要开始向一个中央风险池投资。他们对这种想法非常认真。”
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The Conservative MP Damian Green also sees payments by over-40s as the way to resolve the funding question.
保守党议员达米安·格林也认为，40岁以上的人支付养老金是解决资金问题的途径。
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However, the Treasury is understood to harbour doubts about moving in that direction. “There are vast differences of opinion within government about this,” the same source said. And it risks angering a generation who will have paid, or still be paying, off their student loans and may have a mortgage and the costs of rearing children to meet.
不过，据信美国财政部对朝这个方向前进持怀疑态度。“在这个问题上，政府内部存在着巨大的意见分歧，”同一消息人士说。这可能会激怒已经或仍在偿还学生贷款、可能还要偿还抵押贷款和养育子女成本的一代人。
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But a shift to over-40s paying more looks likely to find favour with campaigners. Caroline Abrahams, the charity director at Age UK, said: “Some older people may look askance at the idea of only the over-40s paying to fund a new national care system. However, if that’s what our government is considering embracing here than it may be rather a good deal, since that system offers a level of provision and reassurance that we can only dream of here at the moment.
但是，40岁以上的人支付更多的钱，这一转变可能会得到活动家们的支持。“Age UK”的慈善主管卡罗琳·亚伯拉罕斯说：“只有40岁以上的人来为新的国家护理体系买单，这一想法可能会引起一些老年人的怀疑。然而，如果这就是我国政府现在考虑的，那么这可能是一笔相当不错的交易，因为这一制度提供了我们在这里只能梦想到的（老年）供应和保障。”
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Introducing a comprehensive and reliable system like that in Germany and Japan would “arguably [be] an appropriate act of national atonement after the catastrophic loss of life we’ve seen in care homes during the pandemic”.
引入一种德国和日本那样的全面而可靠的体系，“可以说（是）在大流行期间我们在养老院看到的灾难性人命流逝之后，一种适当的国家赎罪行为”。
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His intervention is thought to have irritated ministers.
他的干预被认为鞭策了大臣们。
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A Whitehall source said: “As we come out of the Covid-19 pandemic some of the issues that were put on pause during it – like obesity and social care – have come back on stream. The social care problem has been around for ages and there is a renewed focus now on getting it fixed.”
一名白厅消息人士说：“当我们从大流行中走出来时，一些在此期间暂停的问题——比如肥胖和社会关怀——又回到了主流。社会保障问题已经存在多年，现在人们正在重新关注如何解决这个问题。”
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评论翻译
londontravels13
Age 40 seems quite low. Older millennials will be approaching this age.
The 60+ surely have greater wealth from property and pensions than those in the 40-55/60 bracket.
It sounds as though the proposal is to create a risk pot or sink fund as opposed to ring fencing an individual’s contribution (i.e a pension). So, as with NI the young workforce will be paying for those who are retired.
40岁的交费年龄线似乎很低。岁数大一点的千禧一代就要到这个年龄了。
与40-55/60年龄段的人相比，60岁以上的人肯定在房地产和养老金方面拥有更多财富。
听起来，这一提议似乎是要创建一个风险池或基金池，而不是圈定一个人的贡献（也就是个人养老金）。因此，和国民保险制度一样，年轻的劳动力将为退休人员买单。
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Semido1
Having just turned 40, I can confirm. Missed the real estate gravy train, missed the pension gravy train, got to start paying uni fees, got the high tax rates, and had the joys of the GFC and COVID-19. Can''t wait to be creatively screwed over again.
我刚过了40岁，我可以肯定。错过了房地产和退休金的黄金机遇，开始支付大学学费，享受了高税率，并且享受了全球金融危机和疫情带来的欢乐。迫不及待地想要（用新养老金体系）再变着花样重新把自己cao一遍了。
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Globalscree1
Having just turned 32, got to pay 9k fees, the economy wont have recovered from Brexit by the time I''m 40.
我刚满32岁，必须支付9000镑的费用，到我40岁的时候，英国经济不可能从英国脱欧中恢复过来的。
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Wobblycogs
We need to fix adult social care, that''s a given but I''m at a bit of a loss as to why we make people start paying at 40 and why we seem to need a new arrangement for it. What is wrong with making a small increase to national insurance and paying for old age care over a your whole working life time?
我们需要修复成人的社会保障体系，这是既定的，但我有点困惑，为什么我们要让人们在40岁时开始交钱，并且为什么我们似乎需要一种新的安排。对国民保险稍微增加一点，然后在你整个工作生涯中支付养老保险，为什么不能这样搞呢？
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CFPwannabe27
Again, squeeze the middle to fund your boomer life
又来了，压榨中年人来资助你们婴儿潮一代的生活
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ExcusesAreTheNails
If I may, once you reach an age and state of health that requires you to become a drain on financial resources instead of a contributor. Would you not like the young generations to contribute?
如果可以的话，一旦你到了一定的年龄和健康状况，你就需要成为财政资源的消耗者，而不是贡献者。难道你不希望年轻一代做出一点的贡献吗？
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unseemly_turbidity
That''d be fine but what I''m expecting is to fund the Boomers'' care and then find that there''s nothing left in the pot when it comes to our own. Same as with university education, decent pensions and retiring before 70.
这没问题，但我所预测的是为婴儿潮一代的医疗服务提供资金，然后却发现我们自己的医疗服务资金所剩无几了。大学教育、体面的养老金和70岁前退休也是一样。
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nfour7
Age shouldn’t be a factor for paying more tax, wealth and capacity to pay more should be. When larger corporations are skipping on paying their share taxing people and including their age as a factor is not fair.
I’m lucky enough to be hitting 30 with a well earning job but i know plenty of older people who will and have never achieved a high earning income.
年龄不应该是多交税的因素，财富和支付能力才应该是。当更大的公司跳过支付他们的份额时，向人们征税并把他们的年龄作为一个（交多少钱的）因素是不公平的。
我很幸运，到了30岁，有一份收入不错的工作，但我认识很多年纪更大的人，他们将永远无法，并且也从未获得过高收入。
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charmander_bro1
Boomers strike again.
The Tory party are only concerned for the grey vote. Tax on Income will take wealth from the young and had it to the already rich boomers.
Boomers have bled the country dry. Houses, pensions and even the natural resources without any consideration for the next generation.
Even to this day they are more selfish than ever.
The young need to turn up and vote. We have been dealing with the mess of the greedy boomers for far too long. They must pay for their own social care
How is a young person ever going to get on the housing ladder with the high cost of Living.
Boomers continue to destroy the young
来自婴儿潮一代的再次打击。
保守党只关心灰色选票。对收入征税将把财富从年轻人手中转移到已经很富有的婴儿潮一代手中。
婴儿潮一代榨干了这个国家的血。房子，养老金，甚至自然资源，而不考虑下一代。
甚至到了今天，他们比以往任何时候都更加自私。
年轻人需要站出来投票。我们应对贪婪的婴儿潮一代造成的混乱已经太久了。他们必须为自己的社会福利买单
一个年轻人如何才能在高生活成本的情况下获得住房呢？
婴儿潮一代继续摧毁年轻人
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nibor37
I never thought I''d say this but I am now actually happy that I am planning to leave the country that was born in, spent years defending and swore blind I''d never leave.
The final nail in the coffin was our handling of COVID but I had reluctantly planned on relocating after losing a job in February.
I started to crack during brexit.
Only problem? I will have to learn German.
我从来没有想过我会说这些，但我现在实际上很高兴我计划离开这个自己出生的国家，从前我花了多年时间来捍卫它，并发誓我永远不会离开。
最后一根稻草是我们对疫情的处理，但我曾不情愿地计划在二月份失业后搬家。
我是在英国脱欧时开始崩溃的。
（离开英国后的）唯一的问题？我将不得不学习德语。
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UniquesNotUseful52
So this policy makes you extra happy to be leaving so you get to avoid this proposed tax at 40+ and you are going to Germany?
Is that the same Germany where everyone contributes 1.5% of their salary towards this type of social care fund and another 1.5% comes from employers or the pension fund? The same Germany where this idea is based on?
所以这个政策会让你特别高兴离开，这样你就可以避开40岁以上交钱，然后去德国？
是不是和德国一样，每个人都把自己工资的1.5%投入到这种类型的社会保障基金中，还有1.5%来自雇主或养老基金？你说的是这个想法来源的那个德国吗？
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Dude4001
Everyone should pay for elderly care, from whatever age they earn enough. Socialised healthcare includes elderly care, and by all paying into a pot throughout our lives, nobody misses out.
I do not accept that this requires an increase in taxation to achieve. We''ve seen multiple times how wantonly useless this government can be at efficient spending and investment.
每个人都应该支付养老费用，无论他们年龄多大，只要他们挣得够多。社会化的医疗保健包括对老年人的照顾，通过在我们的一生中把所有的钱存入一个储蓄池，没有人会被漏掉。
我不认为这需要增加税收来实现。我们已经多次看到这个政府在有效支出和投资方面是多么的没用了。
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illnokuowtm8
I think it''s time we seriously start talking about legalized voluntary euthanasia for people who hit a specific criteria.
Plenty of people don''t want to live, perhaps even moreso the elderly who often feel they''re a burden and have ever-diminishing quality of life.
Give at least the terminally ill and the old the option.
No outstanding debts above £Xk, no dependants, artificial waiting period unless terminally ill, automatic medical and psychological examinations by at least two separate doctors, assign a social worker/advocate during the whole waiting period.
If they pass all the abuse-prevention metrics then let them choose a date, take them to hospital after saying goodbyes, lethally inject them or asphyxiate them with Nitrogen.
Us humans are expensive and there are too many of us. We keep talking about improving life and saving the planet so let''s get serious.
我认为是时候认真地讨论一下对于达到特定标准的人来说实行合法的自愿安乐死了。
很多人不想活下去，也许老年人更不想活下去，他们常常觉得自己是一种负担，生活质量也在不断下降。
至少给身患绝症的人和老年人一个（安乐死的）选择。
没有超过了X千英镑无力偿还的债务，没有要照顾的被赡养者，设立人工等待期（除非病危），由至少两名独立医生进行自动医疗和心理检查，在整个等待期间指派一名社会工作者/律师。
如果他们通过了所有防止虐待的标准，那么就让他们选择一个日期，在告别后带他们去医院，然后给他们致命的注射或者用氮气窒息。
我们人类是昂贵的，而且我们人太多了。我们一直在谈论改善生活和拯救地球，所以让我们认真起来。
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60Al60
You reap what you sow.
(You introduce it, someone will impose it on you in the future.)
种瓜得瓜种豆得豆。
（你引入了安乐死，你将来也会被强制安乐死的。）
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Ilikeporkpie117
As a millennial, I think we should be paying more tax, but it should also target Boomers since they''re the ones who have historically not paid enough tax which got us into this situation in the first place.
作为千禧一代，我认为我们应该支付更多的税，但也应该针对婴儿潮一代，因为他们是那些历史上没有支付足够的税的人，而这就是导致我们现在处境的原因。
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ls0001
I''m only 20 but even I think 40 is too low. 50or60 sounds better
我现在只有20岁，但我觉得40岁的年龄线也太低了。50 或60听起来更好
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senos91
If it''s 1.5% of income like in Japan, I say go for it, would hardly notice the difference.
如果是像日本那样扣掉收入的1.5%，那我会说，尽管扣吧，几乎不会注意到差别的。
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aberdisco2
Those 40-45 year olds were mid/late 20''s during the last GFC, their wages haven''t caught up from that yet and 2/3rds still rent.
这些40-45岁的人在上次全球金融危机期间都还是20大几岁，他们的工资还没有涨上来，2/3的人至今还在租房。
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DontBeSneeky
We don''t want to sell out houses to pay for our own care. Let the millennials and genx pay for it instead. As if times are not hard enough for most people, what a bunch of stuck up snobby wankers.
我们不想卖掉房子来支付自己的医疗费。让千禧一代和失落一代来买单吧。就好像对大多数人来说，日子还不够艰难似的，真是一群趾高气扬、势利的混球。
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TerrisKagi0
17 days from fourty, about to lose my job or have to take a paycut, but no, please pile further fucking taxes on me.
离我40岁只有17天，我就要失业了，或者不得不接受减薪，但是不，请再给我加一大堆该死的税吧。
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broccililegs02
Why can''t we just increase tax for the top percentile brackets?
为什么我们就不能对最富裕的那部分人加税呢？
