四福音书解读：马太福音1
《马太福音》
五个特色
1 新旧约之间的桥梁
注重《旧约》的应验，直接引用53次，间接76，经书26卷
可能是因为以犹太人为写作对象
2 系统记录耶稣的讲道
5篇言论：天国的要求，天国的传扬，天国的奥秘，天国的器皿，天国的降临
3 耶稣是天国君王
从家谱到应验弥赛亚预言
4 教会来历
16:18
18 κἀγὼ δέ σοι λέγω ὅτι σὺ εἶ Πέτρος, καὶ ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μου τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, καὶ πύλαι ἅ|δου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς.
16:18 And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it.
16:18 我还告诉你、你是彼得、我要把我的教会建造在这磐石上．阴间的权柄、不能胜过他。〔权柄原文作门〕
κἀγὼ = also I 我也
δέ = but 而
σοι = to you 对你
λέγω = I say 我说
ὅτι = that 那
σὺ = you 你
εἶ = you are 你是
Πέτρος = Peter 彼得
καὶ = and 而
ἐπὶ = upon 在……之上
ταύτῃ = this 这
τῇ πέτρᾳ = the rock 那石头
οἰκοδομήσω = I will build 我将建造
μου = my 我的
τὴν ἐκκλησίαν = the church 那教会
καὶ = and 而
πύλαι = gates 门
ἅιδου = of Hades 地狱的
οὐ = not 不
κατισχύσουσιν = they will over come 它们能胜过
αὐτῆς = it 它
18:17
17 ἐὰν δὲ παρακούσῃ αὐτῶν, εἰπὲ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ: ἐὰν δὲ καὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας παρακούσῃ, ἔστω σοι ὥσπερ ὁ ἐθνικὸς καὶ ὁ τελώνης.
18:17 If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church; and if he refuses to listen even to the church, treat him as you would a pagan or a tax collector.
18:17 若是不听他们、就告诉教会．若是不听教会、就看他像外邦人和税吏一样。
ἐὰν = if 若
δὲ = but 而
παρακούσῃ = he would refuse 他会不听
αὐτῶν = their 他们的
εἰπὲ = you shall tell 你当告诉
τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ = to the church 对那教会
ἐὰν = if 若
δὲ = but 而
καὶ = also 也
τῆς ἐκκλησίας = of the church 那教会的
παρακούσῃ = he would refuse 他会不听
ἔστω = he shall be 他该是
σοι = to you 对你
ὥσπερ = as 像
ὁ ἐθνικὸς = the gentile 那外邦人
καὶ = and 和
ὁ τελώνης = the tax-collector 那税吏
28:18-20
καὶ προσελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐλάλησεν αὐτοῖς λέγων, Ἐδόθη μοι πᾶσα ἐξουσία ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ [τῆς] γῆς.
28:18 Then Jesus came to them and said, "All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.
28:18 耶稣进前来、对他们说、天上地下所有的权柄、都赐给我了。
καὶ = and 而
προσελθὼν = having come 来到了
ὁ Ἰησοῦς = Jesus 耶稣
ἐλάλησεν = he said 他说
αὐτοῖς = to them 对他们
λέγων = saying 说道
Ἐδόθη = it has been given 它已经被给了
μοι = to me 给我
πᾶσα = all 所有
ἐξουσία = authority 权柄
ἐν οὐρανῷ = in heaven 在天上
καὶ = and 和
ἐπὶ = upon 在……之上
[τῆς] γῆς = of earth 地的
πορευθέντες οὖν μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,
28:19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,
28:19 所以你们要去、使万民作我的门徒、奉父子圣灵的名、给他们施洗．〔或作给他们施洗归于父子圣灵的名〕
πορευθέντες = having gone 去
οὖν = then 然后
μαθητεύσατε = you shall make disciples 你们将使成为门徒
πάντα = all 所有
τὰ ἔθνη = the nations 那些国度
βαπτίζοντες = baptizing 施洗
αὐτοὺς = them 他们
εἰς τὸ ὄνομα = into the name 在于那名字
τοῦ πατρὸς = of the Father 父的
καὶ = and 和
τοῦ υἱοῦ = of the son 子的
καὶ = and 和
τοῦ ἁγίου = of the holy 那神圣的
πνεύματος = of spirit 灵的
διδάσκοντες αὐτοὺς τηρεῖν πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν: καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ μεθ' ὑμῶν εἰμι πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ἕως τῆς συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος.
28:20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age."
28:20 凡我所吩咐你们的、都教训他们遵守我就常与你们同在、直到世界的末了。
διδάσκοντες = teaching 教导
αὐτοὺς = them 他们
τηρεῖν = to obey 去遵守
πάντα = all 所有
ὅσα = which 那
ἐνετειλάμην = I commanded 我命令了
ὑμῖν = to you 给你们
καὶ = and 而
ἰδοὺ = behold 看哪
ἐγὼ = I 我
μεθ' = with 与……一起
ὑμῶν = you 你们的
εἰμι = I am 我是
πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας = all the days 所有的日子
ἕως = until 直到
τῆς συντελείας = of the end 那尽头的
τοῦ αἰῶνος = of eternal 永恒的
5 主题性结构
耶稣降生
在加利利和利比亚的工作
走向耶路撒冷
受难
马太
意思是“主的赏赐”，本来是税吏
成为十二使徒中一个
另一个名字是利未
