七七 | 用高考阅读技巧解大学四级阅读！四级刷题正当时！

1️⃣试卷结构

一、写作

短文写作——15%

二、听力

短篇新闻——7%

长对话——8%

听力篇章——20%

三、阅读

词汇理解——5%

长篇阅读——10%

仔细阅读——20%

四、翻译

段落翻译——15%

汉译英

中国文化、历史、社会发展

2️⃣2021-12-1

阅读方法：扫读全文（每段第一句话，信号词），找到行文脉络；重点信息（转折、因果、特殊符号）

解题方法：①文题同序；②同义替换

①As many office workers adapt to remote work，cities may undergo fundamental change / if offices remain under-utilized. Who will benefit if working from home becomes the norm？

②Employers argue they make considerable savings on real estate when workers shift from office to home work. However，these savings result from passing costs on to workers.

③Unless employees are fully compensated, this could become a variant of parasitic （寄生的）capitalism，whereby corporate profits increasingly rely on extracting value from the public and now personal realm, rather than on generating new value.

• extract：提取【ex-tract：向外拖拉拽】

46. What does the author say about working from home?

• A) It will become the norm sooner or later.
• B) It requires employees to adapt promptly
• C) It benefits employers at the expense of employees
• D) It will force cities to transform their infrastructure.
• at the expense of：以…为代价
• B、D都是从现象中提取答案

④Though employers are backed by a chorus of remote work advocates，【but】others note the loneliness，reduced productivity and inefficiencies of extended remote work.

• back：支持
• note：指出

⑤If working from home becomes permanent，employees will have to dedicate part of their private space to work. This requires purchasing desks, chairs and office equipment .

• dedicate：奉献

47. Why do some people oppose working from home?

• A) It discourages team spirit.
• B) It invades employees' privacy.
• C) It undermines traditional values.
• D) It negatively impacts productivity. ✓
• oppose：反对【suppose：推断】
• C比较难，但是原文当中没有明确说反对。只是说发生会有哪些结果。

⑥It also means having private space dedicated to work: the space must be heated，cleaned, maintained and paid for. That depends on many things, but for purposes of illustration, I have run some estimates for Montreal. The exercise is simple but important, since it brings these costs / out / of the realm / of speculation / into the realm of meaningful discussion.

48. Why did the author run the estimates for Montreal?

• A) To provide convincing data for serious discussion. ✓
• B) To illustrate the ongoing change in working patterns
• C) To show the impact of remote working on productivity.
• D) To exemplify how remote working affects the economy
• have在这里是使役的用法
• heat：供暖
• convince：使信服
• realm：领域
• speculation：推测

【方法论：捕捉重要信息的能力（连词、句子和句子的逻辑关系）；长难句拆解（介词）、语法】

⑦Rough calculations show that the savings made by employers / when their staff works from home / are of similar value / to the compensation（that）workers should receive / for setting up offices at home.

49. What can we conclude from the author's calculations?

• A) There is no point in（transferring office work to working from home ）
• B) Employees can benefit as much from remote working as their employers.
• C) Employers' gain from remote working should go to employees as compensation ✓
• employers' gain = savings made by employers
• as = be similar to
• employees = workers receieve
• D) Effective measures should be taken to motivate employees to set up offices at home.
• no point：无意义

⑧What does this mean for offices in cities? One of two things may happen: Employers pass these costs onto employees. This would be a form of expropriation (侵占）， with employees absorbing production costs that have traditionally been paid by the employer. This represents a considerable transfer of value from employees to employers.

⑨When employees are properly compensated, employers' real estate savings will be modest. If savings are modest, then the many advantages of working in offices-（such as lively atmosphere, rapidity of communication, team-building and acclimatization （适应环境） of new employees）—will encourage employers to shelve the idea of remote work and,（like Yahoo in 2013, encourage employees to work most of the time from corporate office space. ）

• modest：谦逊的；些许的；不太大的
• shelve：束之高阁；不再理会【shelf：书架】

50. What is the author's opinion on working from home?

• A) It should be avoided if possible. ✓
• B) It is only a temporary measure.
• C) It can reduce companies' real estate costs. 【前文信息】
• D) It may affect employees' corporate loyalty.
• temporary：临时的
• loyalty：忠诚度

3️⃣备考建议

词汇+精读

英语：用进废退