今日真题

“_______the biology examination this weekend, I would have gone with you yesterday,” said she.

A. But for

B. As for

C. Only if

D. In spite of

语法简介

在前几期的语法专栏中我们已经学习了虚拟语气和它的两个特殊结构，相信大家已经发现了，在大多数含有虚拟语气的句子中，都出现了“if虚拟条件从句”。

If I were a billionaire, I would be traveling around the world now.

Had I chosen the iChuXin's lessons, I would have been a postgraduate.

If I were you, I would not do that again.

那么，大家有想过是否有另一种表达方式，可以直接省去“if虚拟条件从句”呢？

答案肯定是：有的。但是，一旦省去“if虚拟条件从句”，那么我们就需要通过其他形式来实现虚拟语气。这些形式包括介词短语、分词短语、副词、连词等等。这样的情况就被称为——含蓄虚拟结构。

接下来，让我们分别学习如何通过介词短语、分词短语、副词、连词等来实现含蓄虚拟语气吧。

①介词短语

But for your advice I would have failed.

Without your adviceI would have failed.

（If you hadn't offered me your advice, I would have failed.）

要是没有你的建议，我那时就失败了。

Except for the lack of money I would have made this deal.

(If I had had enough money, I would have made this deal.)

要不是资金不足，我当时就能促成这桩生意了。

With better equipment, we could have made it happen.

(If we had been equipped with better equipment, we could have made it happen.)

如果有更好的设备的话，我们那会儿就成功了。

②分词

Failing this, what would you do?

(If you failed this, what would you do?)

此事不成，你当何如？

Given an inch, he would want a foot.

(If he were given an inch, he would want a foot.)

他得寸进尺。

③副词

Otherwise, she would not ignore his requests.

(If it weren't that case, she would not ignore his requests.)

如果不是那样的话，她是不会忽略他的请求的。

④连词

I would do you a favor, only that I were to be available.

(If I were to be available, I would do you a favor.)

如果我到时候有空的话，我会帮你的。

解题思路

答案：A

题干翻译：“要不是这周末有生物考试的话，我昨天就和你一起去了。”

解析：本题考察虚拟语气中的含蓄虚拟语气。

首先，观察题干和选项。

我们可以发现主句中出现了would have gone，所以本题目使用了虚拟语气。设问处出现在了句首，且四个选项皆为短语，所以本句未采用省略if结构。那么很明显，这是一句采用了含蓄虚拟语气的句子，我们需要理清逻辑关系来选出正确答案。

其次，理清逻辑关系。

题干大致意思：“…周末的生物考试，我昨天就和你一起去了”。

因为本题目采用了虚拟语气，从“我昨天就和你一起去了”可以得知事实上“我”没有去，而我没有的去的原因是周末的生物考试，换言之—— “如果没有周末的生物考试的话，我就和你去了”。所以，前一句话是对后一句话的if假设。但选项皆不是if虚拟条件句，所以我们要选择可以代替if条件句含义的短语。

最后，根据逻辑关系，确定正确选项。

A选项：要不是

B选项：至于

C选项，only＋if引导的条件从句，放句首要倒装。

D选项：尽管

从句意上可以我们可直接选出A选项。即“要不是因为周末我有生物考试，我昨天就和你去了”，符合逻辑。同学们要记住but for的意思哦！

干扰选项

BCD选项不符合题意，故排除排除。

故答案为A选项。

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