Zero-sum(230115学习分享)
Zero-sum:The destructive logic that threatens globalisation
零和:威胁全球化的破坏性逻辑
1st para.
Since 1945 the world economy has run according to a system of rules and norms underwritten by America.
从1945年开始,世界经济按照美国制定的规则和规范体系运行。
since 从…以来;(因为);
run 运行
according adv. 按照,依照
rule n./v. 规则;(统治);
norm [nɔːm] n. 规范,基准,分配之工作量;→ 社会准则,行为规范;标准,平均水平;常态,平常事物;
underwrite v. 承担经济责任;
This brought about unprecedented economic integration || that boosted growth, lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty and helped the West prevail over Soviet Russia in the cold war.||
这带来了前所未有的经济一体化,促进了增长,使数亿人摆脱了贫困,并帮助西方在冷战中战胜了苏维埃俄罗斯。
this指代上文整句,即世界经济按照美国规则运行
bring about 引起
unprecedented [ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd] adj. 前所未有的,史无前例的;(大小、数量、程度等)前所未知的,空前的
integration [ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃ(ə)n] n.结合,融合,一体化
经济一体化:economic integrationboost v. 促进,增加
lift v. 举起,抬起
poverty [ˈpɒvəti] n. 贫困
prevail [prɪˈveɪl] v. 获胜,占优势;盛行,流行;说服,劝说;诱使
prevail over 胜过
prevail on/upon/with 说服,劝说,诱使
Today the system is in peril.
时至今日,该体系岌岌可危。
peril [ˈperəl] n. 危险;v.危及,置…于险境(指迫在眉睫很有可能发生的严重危险)
Countries are racing to subsidise green industry, lure manufacturing away from friend and foe alike and restrict the flow of goods and capital.
各国竞相补贴绿色产业,吸引制造业远离敌友,限制商品和资本的流动。
race v.竞赛,竞速;n. 种族
subsidise [ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz] v. 补助,资助
lure [lʊə(r)] v. 引诱,诱惑;n.~,鱼饵
manufacturing n. 制造业
foe [fəʊ] n. 敌人
restrict [rɪˈstrɪkt] v. 限制,封锁,约束
Mutual benefit is out and national gain is in.
互利共赢在外,国家收益在内。
mutual [ˈmjuːtʃuəl] adj. 相互的,彼此的,共同的
An era of zero-sum thinking has begun.
一个零和思维的时代已经开始。
The Economist (JANUARY 14TH–20TH 2023): Zero-sum:The destructive logic that threatens globalisation(page11-12)