新千年拉丁语第1章2

LANGUAGE FACT I

语言点1

PARTS OF SPEECH

词类

 

共8种

名代形副动介连叹

 

练习1

判断下列单词的词类：

1. fīliōs

2. bene

3. aedificant

4. ad

5. ambulat

6. et

7. lupa

8. claudit

9. Rōmam

10. amat

 

练习2

用词汇表找出下列句子中拉丁语的衍生词。

（每个句子里其实都可能有不止一个衍生词，这里只根据词汇表找出那一个本单元要求的，写在了括号里）

1. She shows a considerable filial respect toward her father. (filial)

2. Agriculture is a science of cultivating the land. (agriculture)

3. The ship is equipped with all the necessary nautical instruments. (nautical0

4. We saw all kinds of fish in the aquarium. (aquarium)

5. This is an all-terrain vehicle. (terrain)

6. When will the athletic competition start? (athletic)

7. She has a truly poetic nature. (poetic)

 

LANGUAGE FACT II

语言点2

NOUNS: NUMBER, GENDER, CASE (NOMINATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE)

名词：性，数，格（主格和宾格）

窍门，记住5种常用格的小技巧：

Never Nominative主格

Give Genitive属格

Dogs Dative与格

Any Accusative宾格

Abuse Ablative夺格

 

练习3

a. 判断黑体字是主语还是直接宾语还是谓语主格。

b. 标记每个句子的正误，正确用vērum（真实的），错误用falsum（虚假的）。

例子：Amulius est deus.

谓语主格，falsum

1. Rhēa Silvia Rōmulum et Remum curat.

2. Amūlius Rōmulum et Remum bene cūrat.

3. Amūlius lupam vinculīs claudit.

4. Mārs Rōmulum et Remum in aquam pōnit.

5. Lupa Rhēam Silviam cūrat.

6. Amūlius ad quam ambulat.

 

TALKING交谈

当我们遇见一个人，我们问候他：salvē!

当我们遇见多人，我们问候他们：salvēte!

当我们与一人说再见时，我们说：valē!

当我们与多人说再见时，我们说：valēte!

又不止一种办法说“你好吗”：

Quōmodo valēs?

Quōmodo te habēs?

Quid agis?

回答的方式也很多：

bene很好

pessimē很差

optimē好极了

melius更好

mediocriter一般

meliusculē好一点

male不好

 

问候

Maria、Helena和Christina是学生。

Marīa, Helena et Christīna sunt discipulae.

Marīa: Salvēte, Helena et Christina!

Christīna: Salvē, Maria!

Helena: Salvē, Maria!

Marīa: Quōmodo valēs, Helena? Quōmodo valēs, Christina?

Helena et Christīna: Bene. Quōmodo tū（你） valēs, Marīa?

Marīa: Pessimē.

Helena et Christina: Cūr?（为什么）

Marīa: Timeō linguam Latīnam.（我怕拉丁语）

Helena: Ego（我） linguam Latīnam amō.

Christīna: Et ego linguam Latīnam amō!