【青和讲稿】中医舌诊

Tongue diagnosis is an important part of the inspection of TCM.

中医舌诊是中医望诊当中的重要组成部分，

Through the changes of our human tongue, we can diagnose many diseases.

通过我们人体舌头的变化，我们可以诊断出许多疾病，

Do you want to know the principle?

你想知道这其中的原理吗？ 

This video will take you into the tongue diagnosis of our traditional Chinese medicine. 

这期视频就带你走进我们中医的舌诊，

We’ll talk about the principle of tongue diagnosis at first,

我们先来谈谈舌诊的原理，

followed by the simple classification of tongue manifestations 

其次是简单的舌象分类

and the methods of tongue diagnosis finally:

和最后的舌诊方法：

 

 The tongue, as the most flexible muscular organ of our body, is rich in blood vessels.

舌头，作为我们身体最灵活的肌性器官，分布有十分丰富的血管。

 According to traditional Chinese medicine,

在中医看来，

the tongue is closely related to the solid-hollow viscera through the meridians,

舌头与各个脏腑间通过经络有着密切的联系，

especially the heart, which is the most important part of our viscera system,

特别是心脏，而心脏又是我们五脏系统中最重要的部分，

and the tongue coating can more sensitively reflect the ups and downs between and righteousness and evils.  

而在舌体上面附着的舌苔可以较为敏锐地体现出人体邪气与正气之间的盛衰。

Why can we catch the condition of our whole body through a small tongue?  

为什么通过小小的一个舌头就能了解全身的状况呢？

There is a proverb in China: Autumn is known from falling leaves.

我们中国有句谚语：一叶落而知天下秋。

It is this kind of insight of "seeing the magnificence through the small"

正是这种“见微知著”的洞察力，

that makes Chinese medicine often contain the disease in advance before it occurs or worsens.

使得中医常常能在疾病发生或恶化之前，就提前将病势遏制住。

The blood vessels on the tongue are extremely rich,

舌头上的血管极为丰富，

and it is very sensitive to the changes of qi and blood,

对于气血的变化十分敏感，

so it can reflect the strength of the body's righteousness well.  

因此能较好的体现人体正气的强弱。

The texture and color of the tongue coating can fully reflect the nature of evil qi 

而舌苔的质地、颜色对于邪气的性质

and whether the human body’ fluid is enough or not .

以及人体水液的盈亏都能完整体现。

Secondly, our Chinese medicine practitioners follow the idea of“analogies according to manifestations”.

其次，我们中医根据“取象比类”的思路，

a red tongue suggests hot, on the contrary,a pale one shows cold.

舌头色红有热、色淡则寒，

The tongue coating is thick and greasy, often due to phlegm,just as the reason of the growing moss. 

舌苔厚腻常为痰湿，我们可以想想生活中的青苔，是一个道理的。

 In addition, we further subdivided the representation range of the tongue, and obtained the results as shown in the picture:

另外，我们将舌头的表征范围进一步细分，得出如图所示结果：

 

 the tip of the tongue belongs to the heart and lungs,

舌尖属于心肺、

the middle part of the tongue belongs to the spleen and stomach,

舌头中部属于脾胃、

and the sides of the tongue indicate liver and gallbladder’s conditions.

而舌边则表示肝胆情况、

 the base of the tongue belongs to the kidneys,

舌头根部属于肾

This classification method is widely used clinically,

这种分类方法在临床上广泛应用，

and its reliability and effectiveness have been fully confirmed.

其可靠性、有效性得到充分证实。

Now let’s take a look at some simple tongue pictures:

下面我们再来一起看看一些简单的舌象图片：

 We diagnose diseases mainly by looking at the tongue body and tongue coating.

我们观察舌头主要是看舌头的舌体和舌苔部分，

 If necessary, we must also observe the sublingual veins,

必要时还要观察舌下的脉络情况，

because the sublingual veins can fully show the blood stasis in the body.   

因为舌下脉络能充分表现体内的瘀血情况。

 

Normal tongue manifestation should be light-red and luster;

正常的舌象因该是淡红舌且荣活的；

extrude and contract freely, moderate in size,;

伸缩自如、大小适中

and the coating should be thin, white, and clear, ;

舌苔薄白，干净

neither wet nor dry, moist moderately,

干湿度适中

the sublingual veins are 1~2.5mm in diameters,

舌下静脉直径大约1~2.5mm

dark-red,gentle, having no engorging phenomena.

颜色深红，没有充血现象。

 There're two lines of the sublingual veins in parallel generally.

一般来说，舌下有两条平行的静脉。

 

OK，now for the pathological tongues’ manifestations.Let’s first look at the tongue body .

好的，对于舌象的病理表现，我们首先来看看舌体部分，

We will observe the general shape and contour of the tongue,

我们会观察舌头的大致形状和轮廓，

such as enlarged tongue, pointed and prickly tongue, petechia tongue, fissures tongue, and tooth-marked tongue.

例如胖舌、点刺舌、瘀斑舌、裂纹舌、齿痕舌，

Secondly, we will also observe the movement of the tongue.

其次我们也会观察舌头的运动情况，

Under pathological conditions, we will see such as

病理状态下我们会看到，

stiff tongue, shorten and shrunken tongue, trembling tongue, and deviated tongue.

比如强硬舌、短缩舌、颤动舌、歪斜舌。

Furthermore, we will also pay attention to the color of the tongue.

再者，我们也会留意到舌头的颜色，

Common colors such as pale tongue, red tongue, crimson tongue, and purple tongue.

常见的颜色比如淡白舌、红舌、绛红舌、紫舌，

Regarding the tongue coating, we mainly study the colors and nature of it.

关于舌苔方面，我们主要研究的是舌苔的颜色、性质，

The colors are mainly white, yellow and gray.

颜色上主要分有白、黄、灰三种，

 And in nature, we can see the thickness of the coating, the moist and dryness of the coating,

而性质上主要有厚薄苔、干湿苔、

 exfoliated coating and deviated or whole coating.

剥落苔和偏全苔。

 

 Chinese medicine has far more detailed research on the tongue than western medicine.

中医对于舌头研究的细致程度已经远远超过西医，

For Chinese medicine, the tongue is more like a mirror,

对于中医而言，舌头更像是一面镜子，

 which can reflect a lot of physical and mental problems.

可以折射出非常多的身心问题，

 Because of the difficulties in observing the tongue , and the interference of many factors,

但由于并且观察舌象有一定难度，同时受到很多因素的干扰，

the requirements for the tongue diagnosis method are naturally very high.

因此对于舌诊的方法要求自然也就很高了。

 

 We should pay attention to many factors that will affect the resuls.

我们要关注到许多会影响观察结果的因素。

The position of the patient, the light in the room,

患者的体位、室内的光线、

 the way of stretching the tongue, the angle and the order of the observation are all particular.  

伸舌的方式，观察的角度、顺序都有讲究。

Generally speaking, the patient should take the sitting or supine position.

一般来说，病患会采取坐位或仰卧位，

 It is best to observe under natural light,or choose an incandescent lamp.

最好在自然光线下观察，不然也要选择白炽灯，

After the patient naturally extends the tongue,

在患者自然将舌头伸出后，

we first observe the tip of the patient’s tongue,

我们先观察病人舌头的舌尖部，

and then the middle of the tongue,then the sides of the tongue,

之后是舌中、舌边，

finally the base of the tongue.

最后是舌根部，

Because the color of the tongue is easier to change and the condition of the tongue coating is relatively stable,

由于舌体的颜色容易发生变化，而舌苔的情况比较稳定，

we usually observe the tongue body first, and then the tongue coating.

所以我们一般会先观察舌体，之后才是舌苔,

 If necessary, we will also check the sublingual veins.  

必要时我们也会查看舌下系脉的情况。

If one-time observation of the tongue is not accurate enough, we can continue to observe after a short rest.

如果一次观察舌头不够准确，我们可以休息片刻后继续观察。

Prior to this, we must also eliminate some factors that will interfere with tongue diagnosis,

在此之前，我们也要排除一些会干扰舌诊的因素，

such as whether the patients eat some food that stains the tongue coating and so on.

比如是否食入会使舌苔染色的食物等等。

 

 As a very important part of the inspection, tongue diagnosis cannot be ignored.

舌诊作为望诊当中非常重要的一部分，固然不可忽略，

 However, due to other uncontrollable factors,

但是由于其他一些不可控的因素，

we must also combine other diagnostic methods to make a more accurate judgment.

我们同时也要结合其他的诊断方法，才能更准确的判断。

unquestionably the mystery and magic of tongue diagnosis can’t be told clearly in a short video. 

舌诊的奥妙神奇岂是我短短一个小视频可以说的清楚的呢？

However, I hope that today’s sharing will open a window for everyone who likes Chinese medicine

不过，我希望今天的分享，能给各位喜好中医的小伙伴们打开一扇窗，

 and see the wonderful world of TCM.  

看到美妙的中医世界。

If you have anything to say or want to know,

如果你还有什么想说或想了解的，

Welcome to leave a message at the bottom of the screen.

欢迎在屏幕下方给我们留言。

QingNangHeSheng helps the growth of Chinese medicine,

青囊和声，助力中医成长，

see you next time.

我们下期再见。