【物种译名】海员角超科Nautilaceae全物种译名
前言：
Nautilaceae在国内一般被称作“鹦鹉螺超科”，但是“鹦鹉螺”这个名称自身就包含着不少不合理的地方。关于“鹦鹉螺”这个名字最早的来源大概是“鹦鹉杯”这类呈酒器具，很多古代诗人就对其有记载，就比如唐代卢照邻的“汉代金吾千骑来，翡翠屠苏鹦鹉杯”，杜甫的《鹦鹉杯诗》等，而加上的“螺”大概是指其正体为一类具有壳的软体动物。
但是在一般的中文语境下“螺”通常指腹足纲动物Gastropod，用在属于头足纲Cephalopod上明显有失偏颇，按照这个逻辑，羊角石亚纲Ammonoidea都应该叫XX螺，也犯不着叫XX石了（同时“菊石”这个名词本身也来自日本对于Ammonoidea化石的称呼，很多类群在中文命名的语境下词源相当混乱）。同时，Nautilus作为属名也并没有直接指代作为螺，其词源 ναυτίλος仅直接明了的代表英文‘sailor’即海员。换句话说，“鹦鹉螺”这个名字算是以本土对使用了Nautilus属物种的外壳制作的酒杯的名称+对其壳体产生的意象拼凑起来的。不过不使用“鹦鹉螺”作为该类物种译名的核心原因只有两个：1. 不符合其原始词源 2. 特别容易叠杀人书。
更进一步的，在Nautiloidea这个类群下，不少物种并非使用nautilus作为词尾，而是用 -ceras (kéras) 'horn' 作为词尾，按照常理是可以沿用已有的“角石”作为其译名，然而坏就坏在Ammonoidea类群下有不少物种的分类单元都是用-ceras作为词尾，就比如Pinacoceratoidea、Phylloceratina、Ceratitoidea等类群，这些类群如果做词源译名总不能统一叫做“角石”了吧。在已有的中文语境下“角石”有且仅指Nautiloidea，如果沿用“角石”则很有可能会和未定名的Ammonoidea物种（该分类十分混乱，更麻烦的是不少属级单位根本就没有中文名，如果在未来进行定名很有可能会发生冲突）造成一定程度的混乱，故在本文中所有Nautiloidea的物种译名将绑定“角”使用，而未来对Ammonoidea的译名工作则绑定“石”，毕竟前者依然存在现代物种，而后者早就因为K–Pg灭绝事件被一锅端，变成地层中的石头了。
人名采用X氏或者XX氏，而地名则选择全部音译，剩下的词源直接就标注在了[ ]内，有兴趣的话可以去查查看。
鉴于化石物种数量过多，且化石图片相对稀缺、鉴别困难，故只展示一种作为示例图。
角标：
> Order 目
>> Superfamily 超科
>>> Family 科
>>>> Genus 属
[ ] Species 种
{ } Subspecies 亚种
† = Extinct 灭绝物种
[… ‘’]: Etymology 词源
(type): Type species 模式物种
Loc.: Location 地名
Nam.: Name 人名
S.P.: Specific Person 特定人物
Per.: Period 时期
Cul.: Culture 文化/部落名
(?): Uncertain 不确定
正文：
这里仅包括Nautilaceae物种，之后的类群会逐渐补齐。
>海员角目Nautilida Agassiz, 1847
>>海员角超科Nautilaceae Blainville, 1825
>>>海员角科Nautilidae Blainville, 1825
>>>>海员角属Nautilus Linnaeus, 1758 [nautilus ‘sailor’]
国王海员角N. pompilius Linnaeus, 1758 [S.P. Numa Pompilius (?)] (type)
{模式亚种N. pompilius pompilius Linnaeus, 1758}
{苏禄亚种N. pompilius suluensis Habe & Okutani, 1988 [Loc. Sulu Archipelago]}
示图：
帕劳海员角N. belauensis Saunders, 1981 [Loc. Palau]
示图：
巨目海员角N. macromphalus Sowerby, 1848 [macro + omphalus]
示图：
窄目海员角N. stenomphalus Sowerby, 1848 [steno- + omphalus]
示图：
†早国王海员角N. praepompilius Shimansky, 1957 [prae- + pompilius]
示图：
>>>>歧海员角属Allonautilus Ward & Saunders, 1997 [allo- + nautilus]
具孔歧海员角A. scrobiculatus (type) (Lightfoot, 1786) [scrobis]
示图：
穿孔歧海员角A. perforatus (Conrad, 1847) [perforatus]
示图：
>>>>†棱海员角属Carinonautilus Spengler, 1910 [carin + nautilus]
阿里耶卢尔棱海员角C. ariyalurensis (type) Spengler, 1910 [Loc. Ariyalur]
示图：
【暂无】
>>>>†新生角属Cenoceras Hyatt, 1884 [καινός + ceras]
示图：
†中介新生角C. intermedium (Sowerby, 1816) [intermedium] (type)
†埃德内特新生角C. adneticus Pia, 1914 [Loc. Adnet]
†边界新生角C. affinis (Chapuis and Dewalque, 1853) [affinis]
†脆石新生角C. altisiphites (Prinz, 1906) [altis + phites]
†阿氏新生角C. amoretti Parona, 1897 [Nam. Amorett]
†环形新生角C. annulare (Phillips, 1829) [ānulāris]
†犁新生角C. arare (Dumortier, 1869) [arāre]
†犁形新生角C. arariformis Pia, 1914 [arare + formis]
†诗人新生角C. aratus (Quenstedt, 1846) [S.P. Aratus]
†似龙虾新生角C. astacoides (Young and Bird, 1832) [astac + oides]
†奥地利新生角C. austriacus (Hauer, 1856) [Loc. Austria]
†巴氏新生角C. baberi (Morris and Lycett, 1850) [Nam. Baber]
†培根新生角C. baconicus (Vadasz, 1910) [Loc. Bacon]
†巴萨氏新生角C. balsamocrivellii Parona, 1897 [Nam. Balsam ocrivelli]
†贝尔蒙特新生角C. belmontense Rulleau, 2008 [Loc. Belmont]
†风神新生角C. boreale Dagys & Sobolev, 1988 [S.P. Βορέᾱς]
†布拉德福德新生角C. bradfordense Crick, 1898 [Loc. Bradford]
†布氏新生角C. brancoi (Gemmellaro, 1884) [Nam. Branco]
†伯氏新生角C. breislacki Parona, 1897 [Nam. Breislack]
†智利新生角C. chilensis (Huppe, 1854) [Loc. Chile]
†西氏新生角C. ciryi Rulleau, 2008 [Nam. Ciry]
†戴谟恩新生角C. demonensis Gemmellaro, 1911 [Loc. Demonen (?)]
†杜尔马新生角C. dhrumaense Tinant, 1987 [Loc. Dhurma (?)]
†迪氏新生角C. distefanoi Gemmellaro, 1911 [Nam. Distefano]
†多梅伊科新生角C. domeykus (d'Orbigny, 1842) [Loc. Cordillera Domeyko]
†极佳新生角C. egregius Pia, 1914 [egregious ‘excellent’]
†艾瑞艾新生角C. erycinus Tagliarini, 1901 [Loc. Eryc]
†剥脑新生角C. exterebratus Crick, 1898 [excerebratus ‘deprived of brains’]
†㔗氏新生角C. fischeranus (Foord and Crick, 1890) [Nam. Fischer (?)]
†富氏新生角C. foordi Tinant, 1984 [Nam. Foord]
†盖氏新生角C. geyeri (Prinz, 1906) [Nam. Geyer]
†伊氏新生角C. imlayi Kummel, 1954 [Nam. Imlay]
†不浮新生角C. impendens Crick, 1898 [im- + pendeo]
†乔氏新生角C. jourdani (Dumortier, 1874) [Nam. Jourdan]
†朱利安新生角C. julianus (Fucini, 1895) [Loc. Julian (?)]
†具线新生角C. lineatum (Sowerby, 1813) [līneātum]
†弱线新生角C. lineolatum Foord and Crick, 1890 [lineo- + lātum]
†鲁氏新生角C. lupheri Kummel, 1954 [Nam. Lupher]
†大新生角C. majesticum Rulleau, 2008 [majestatem]
†麦氏新生角C. malherbii (Terquem, 1855) [Nam. Malherbi]
†玛氏新生角C. mariani Gemmellaro, 1911 [Nam. Marian]
†玛扎德克新生角C. mazardrikense (Sarker, 1964) [ Loc. Mazar Drik]
†马扎拉新生角C. mazzarensis Tagliarini, 1901 [Loc. Mazzara]
†梅氏新生角C. meyrati (Ooster, 1858) [Nam. Meyrat]
†多线新生角C. multiseptatum (Foord and Crick, 1890) [multi + septatum ‘sepire’, the structure that appear in the nautilus’ shells for segmenting the gas chamber]
†肿壳新生角C. obesum (Sowerby, 1816) [obēsum]
†阻新生角C. obstructum (Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1878) [obstrūctum]
†饰装新生角C. ornatum (Foord and Crick, 1890) [ōrnātum]
†帕氏新生角C. paretoi Gemmellaro, 1911 [Nam. Pareto]
†极饰新生角C. perornatus Crick, 1894 [per- + orantus]
†极顶新生角C. pertextum (Dumortier, 1867) [per- + textum]
†比萨新生角C. pisanus (Fucini, 1895) [Loc. Pisa]
†深石新生角C. profundisiphites (Prinz, 1906) [profundis + phites]
†伪褶新生角C. pseudorugosus Pia, 1914 [pseudo- + rugosus]
†伪残新生角C. pseudotruncatum (Crick, 1931) [psedo- + truncatum]
†五角新生角C. quadrangularis Pia, 1914 [quadra + angularis]
†圆新生角C. rotundum (Hyatt, 1894) [rotundus ‘round, polished’]
†多褶新生角C. rugosus (Buvignier, 1852) [rugosus]
†萨德新生角C. saoudense Tinant, 1987 [Loc. Oued Saouden (?)]
†施氏新生角C. schmidti (Giebel, 1852) [Nam. schmidt]
†切剪新生角C. secernendus Pia, 1914 [sēcernendus ‘which is to be severed’]
†半饰新生角C. semiornatus Crick, 1898 [semi- + ornatus]
†半纹新生角C. semistriatum (d'Orbigny, 1843) [semi- + striatum]
†谢氏新生角C. semseyi (Prinz, 1904) [Nam. Semsey]
†极似新生角C. simillimum (Foord and Crick, 1890) [simillimus]
†史氏新生角C. smithi (Foord and Crick, 1890) [Nam. Simith]
†斯普氏新生角C. spreaficoi Parona, 1897 [Nam. Spreafico]
†斯托氏新生角C. stoppanii Parona, 1897 [Nam. Stoppani]
†条纹新生角C. striatum (Sowerby, 1817) [striatum]
†斯氏新生角C. sturi (Hauer, 1856) [Nam. stur]
†蒂氏新生角C. thiollieri Tinant, 1998 [Nam. Thiollier]
†蒂伦新生角C. thyrrenus Tagliarini, 1901 [Loc. Thyrren sea (?)]
†托尔阶新生角C. toarcense (d'Orbigny, 1850) [Per. toarcian]
†特氏新生角C. trechmanni (Kummel, 1953) [Nam. Trechmann]
†三棱新生角C. tricarinatus (Vadasz, 1910) [tri- + carinatus]
†残新生角C. truncates (Sowerby, 1816) [truncatus]
†塞氏新生角C. zignoi Gemmellaro, 1886 [Nam. Zigno]
>>>>†真厚角属Eutrephoceras Hyatt, 1894 [eu- + tréphō + ceras]
示图：
†迪氏真厚角E. dekayi (Morton, 1834) [Nam. DeKay] (type)
†阿尔滕真厚角E. ahltenense (Schulter, 1876) [Loc. Ahlten]
†阿克斯真厚角E. alcesense Reeside, 1927 [Loc. Alces]
†艾氏真厚角E. allani C.A.Fleming, 1945 [Nam. Allan]
†阿氏真厚角E. allionii (Michelotti, 1840) []
†安哥拉真厚角E. angolaense Wiedmann, 1960 [Loc. Angola]
†南极真厚角E. antarcticum Cichowolski et al., 2005 [antarcticus ‘Antarctic’]
†阿斯忒真厚角E. astierianum (d'Orbigny, 1850) [Loc. Astier]
†阿扎克真厚角E. azraqensis Al-Harithi & Ibrahim, 1992 [Loc. Azraq]
†弑怪者真厚角E. bellerophon (Lundgren, 1867) [S.P. Bellerophon; Greek mythology, the great hero and monster slayer]
†拜氏真厚角E. berryi Miller, 1947 [Nam. Berry]
†布氏真厚角E. blanki Shimansky, 1975 [Nam. Blank]
†博氏真厚角E. boissieri (Pictet, 1866) [Nam. Boissier]
†布查德真厚角E. bouchardianum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Bouchard (?)]
†布鲁杜哈真厚角E. burundukhajense Shimansky, 1975 [Loc. Burundukhaj (?)]
†坎氏真厚角E. campbelli (Meek, 1861) [Nam. Campbell]
†卡罗莱纳真厚角E. carolinense Kellum, 1926 [Loc. Carolina]
†莎氏真厚角E. charpentieri (Leymerie, 1851) [Nam. Charpentier]
†克拉蒙特真厚角E. claramontanum Kuhn, 1939 [Loc. Claramont (?)]
†克莱蒙特真厚角E. clementinum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Clement (?)]
†达氏真厚角E. dartevellei Miller, 1951 [Nam. Dartevelle]
†达若普真厚角E. darupense (Schluter, 1876) [Loc. Darup]
†相似真厚角E. decorum Shimansky, 1975 [decorus ‘seemly’]
†扁平真厚角E. depressum (van Binckhorst, 1861) [dēpressus]
†顿巴斯真厚角E. donbassicum Shimansky, 1975 [Loc. Donbas]
†杜林氏真厚角E. dorbignyanum (Forbes, 1846) [Nam. d'Orbigny]
†杜威林真厚角E. douvillei Spath, 1927 [Loc. Douville]
†杜氏真厚角E. dubaleni (Peyrot, 1932) [Nam. Dubalen]
†延展真厚角E. expansum (Sowerby, 1824) [expansum ‘spread or open, extend’]
†艾氏真厚角E. eyerdami Palmer, 1961 [Nam. Eyerdam]
†法克斯真厚角E. faxoense Hyatt, 1894 [Loc. Faxoe]
†焰色真厚角E. flammeum (Ronchetti, 1947) [flammeus]
†吉隆真厚角E. geelongensis Foord, 1891 [Loc. Geelong]
†球形真厚角E. globosum Tinant, 1987 [globosum]
†哈氏真厚角E. hacobjani Shimansky, 1974 [Nam. Hacobijan]
†浩氏真厚角E. hallidayi Waring, 1914 [Nam. Halliday]
†汉氏真厚角E. hannai Vokes, 1937 [Nam. Hamma (?)]
†印度真厚角E. indicum (d'Orbigny, 1850) [Loc. India]
†独特真厚角E. insigne Shimansky, 1975 [insignis]
†伊瑞提拉真厚角E. irritilasi Ifrim et al., 2013 [Cul. Irritilas (?)]
†出云真厚角E. izumoensis Yokoyama, 1913 [Loc. Izumo]
†日本真厚角E. japonicus Shimizu, 1926 [Loc. Japan]
†约氏真厚角E. johnsoni Miller, 1947 [Nam. Johnson]
†琼氏真厚角E. jonesi Miller & Thompson, 1933 [Nam. Jones]
†正真厚角石E. justum (Blanford, 1861) [justus ‘just’]
†卡氏真厚角E. kummeli Wiedmann, 1960 [Nam. Kummel (?)]
†拉氏真厚角E. laverdei Durham, 1946 [Nam. Laverde]
†长形真厚角E. lentiforme (Stoliczka, 1866) [lencten ‘spring, Lent’ + -form]
†里氏真厚角E. leonei (Negri, 1934) [Nam. Leone]
†马氏真厚角E. marksi Miller, 1947 [Nam. Marks]
†梅氏真厚角E. merteni Wiedmann, 1960 []
†蒙大拿真厚角E. montanaense (Meek, 1876) [Loc. Montana]
†蒙大拿州真厚角E. montanensis Kummel, 1954 [Loc. Montana]
†蒙特莫里真厚角E. montmollini (Pictet and Campiche, 1859) [Loc. Montmollin (?)]
†莫氏真厚角E. moskvini Shimansky, 1975 [Nam. Moskvini (?)]
†侍者真厚角E. municeps Shimansky, 1975 [munus + ceps]
†野田氏真厚角E. nodai Matsumoto, 1983 [Nam. Noda]
†闭合真厚角E. occlusum Crick, 1907 [occlūsus]
†俄勒冈真厚角E. oregonense Miller, 1947 [Loc. Oregon]
†小卵真厚角E. ovoideum Crick, 1907 [ovo ‘egg’ + -ideum ‘diminutive’]
†巴黎真厚角E. parisiense Deshayes, 1865 [Loc. Paris]
†传达真厚角E. perlatus (Morton, 1834) [perlātus ‘conveyed’]
†平腹真厚角E. planoventer Stephenson, 1941 [plano + venter]
†四线真厚角E. quadrilineatum (Favre, 1869) [quadrilīneātum ‘four-lined’]
†瑞氏真厚角E. reesidei Stenzel, 1940 [Nam. Reesidei]
†皇家真厚角E. regale Sowerby, (?) [rēgāle]
†圆形真厚角E. rotundum Crick, 1898 [rotundus]
†斯氏真厚角E. sloani Reeside, 1924 [Nam. Sloan]
†曾屋真厚角E. soyaense Matsumoto & Miyauchi, 1983 [Loc. Soya]
†斯贝克真厚角E. spec Miller & Downs, 1950 [spec]
†斯宾氏真厚角E. spengleri Wiedmann, 1960 [Nam. Spengler]
†螺旋真厚角E. sphaericum Kummel, 1956 [sphaericus]
†斯蒂芬氏真厚角E. stephensoni Dickerson, 1914 [Nam. Stephenson]
†弱滑真厚角E. sublaevigatum (d'Orbigny, 1850) [sub- + laevigatus]
†弱圆真厚角E. subrotundum Crick, 1898 [sub- + rotundus]
†塔瓦真厚角E. tawaense Furuichi, 1982 [Loc. Tawae]
†汤氏真厚角E. thomi Reeside, (?) [Nam. Thom]
†特氏真厚角E. traubi Schultz, 1976 [Nam. Traub]
†肿体真厚角E. tumescens Frauscher, 1895 [tumēscēns]
†埃滕哈赫真厚角E. uitenhagense Spath, 1930 [Loc. Uitenhage, now Kariega (?)]
†军舰真厚角E. umbilicare Deshayes, 1835 [umbilicare ‘naval’]
†城市真厚角E. urbanum (Sowerby, 1843) [urbānus]
†乌兹真厚角E. uzense Shimansky, 1975 [Loc. Land of Uz]
†废土真厚角E. vastum (Kner, 1850) [vāstum]
†瓦氏真厚角E. waageni Gemmellaro, 1886 [Nam. Waagen]
>>>>†伪新生角属Pseudocenoceras Spath, (1927) [pseudo + ceno + ceras]
示图：
†拉吉里特伪新生角P. largilliertianum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Largilliert (?)] (type)
†扁形伪新生角P. applanatum (Zittel, 1902) [applanatum ‘flatten (planar) shaped’]
†阿茨亚伪新生角P. archiacianum (d'Orbigny, 1840) [Loc. Archaic (?)]
†堪氏伪新生角P. campichei (Karakasch, 1907) [Nam. Campiche]
†菲氏伪新生角P. fittoni (Sharpe, 1853) [Nam. Fitton]
†意外伪新生角P. incautum Shimansky, 1975 [incautus ‘unexpected’]
†侍从伪新生角P. nomenclator Shimansky, 1975 [nōmenclātor]
†长形伪新生角P. procerum Shimansky, 1975 [prōcērus ‘long’]
†近似伪新生角P. proximum Shimansky, 1975 [proximus]
†冗余伪新生角P. supervacuum Shimansky, 1975 [super ‘above’ + vacuus ‘vacant’ supervacuum ‘redundant’]
†瓦氏伪新生角P. warsanofievie Shimansky, 1951 [Nam. Varsanofieva]
†礼品伪新生角P. xenium Shimansky, 1975 [xenium ‘present’]
>>>>†线纹海员角属Strionautilus Shimanskiy, (1951) [strio- + nautilus]
[暂无记录物种]
