20230812 单词学习

· lime /laɪm/

o 1.N-VAR A lime is a green fruit that tastes like a lemon. Limes grow on trees in tropical countries. 酸橙

• ...peeled slices of lime.
…去皮橙片。

o 2.N-VAR any linden tree, such as Tilia europaea, planted in many varieties for ornament 欧椴树

o 3.N-UNCOUNT Lime is a substance containing calcium. It is found in soil and water. 石灰

• If your soil is very acidic, add lime.
如果你的土壤酸性很强，就加点石灰。

· observatory /əbˈzɜːvətərɪ/

o N-COUNT An observatory is a building with a large telescope from which scientists study things such as the planets by watching them. 天文台

archae·olo·gist n. /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/

( NAmE also arche·olo·gist ) a person who studies archaeology 考古学家

· peer /pɪə/

o 1.V-I If you peer at something, you look at it very hard, usually because it is difficult to see clearly. 费力地看; 盯着

• I had been peering at a computer print-out that made no sense at all.
我一直在费力地看一份不知所云的电脑打印稿。

o 2.N-COUNT Your peers are the people who are the same age as you or who have the same status as you. 同龄人; 同等地位的人

• His engaging personality made him popular with his peers.
他迷人的个性使他很受同龄人欢迎。

o 3.N a member of a nobility; nobleman 贵族

Nile delta /naɪl ˈdeltə/

尼罗河三角洲：位于埃及北部的尼罗河入海口，是世界上最大的河流三角洲之一，拥有丰富的农业资源和人口。

excavation n. /ˌekskəˈveɪʃn/

1.[ CU] the activity of digging in the ground to look for old buildings or objects that have been buried for a long time （对古物的）发掘，挖掘

2.[ Cusually pl.] a place where people are digging to look for old buildings or objects 发掘现场

•The excavations are open to the public. 发掘现场对公众开放。

3.[ U] the act of digging, especially with a machine 挖掘；开凿；挖土

grant /ɡrɑːnt/

~ (to do sth)a sum of money that is given by the government or by another organization to be used for a particular purpose （政府、机构的）拨款

• •student grants (= to pay for their education) 学生助学金

• •He has been awarded a research grant. 他得到一笔研究经费。

ˌpart of ˈspeech n. ( grammar 语法) one of the classes into which words are divided according to their grammar, such as noun, verb, adjective, etc. 词类；词性

prep·os·ition n. /ˌprepəˈzɪʃn/

( grammar 语法) a word or group of words, such as in , from , to , out of and on behalf of , used before a noun or pronoun to show place, position, time or method 介词

DERIVATIVES 派生词

prep·os·ition·al /‑ʃənl/ /‑ʃənl/ adj

· •a prepositional phrase (= a preposition and the noun following it, for example at night or after breakfast ) 介词短语

a dream job 理想的职业一份理想的工作理想的工作

his·tor·ian n. /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who studies or writes about history; an expert in history 史学工作者；历史学家

HELP Some speakers do not pronounce the ‘h’ at the beginning of historian and use ‘an’ instead of ‘a’ before it. This now sounds old-fashioned. 有人说historian时不发h音，前面用an而不用a，现在听起来过时了。