牛津大学客座教授: 演绎法写作

具体到论文的每一个段落的写作方式，主要有演绎法和归纳法两种。

演绎法主要指有一般到特殊的方法：1.概述-2.对概述的阐述-3.更多阐述细节-4.概述总结。下面举例说明：

The emergence of reality TV represents a shift from what Kilborn (2003) calls the more “serious” representation of socio-historical events to programming that is produced predominantly for entertainment purposes. Reality programs are linked to different documentary forms, such as documentary journalism, cinéma vérité traditions, and the observational documentary. However, due to elements of popular entertainment programming (e.g., talk shows, game shows, and soap operas), reality TV ultimately creates its own generic map. Hill (2005, p. 50) suggests a fact/fiction continuum, which reflects the sliding scale of factuality in these programs. The continuum covers contemporary documentaries and popular factual entertainment ranging from docu-soaps and game-docs to makeovers and quiz shows.

1.真人秀节目的出现代表了从 Kilborn (2003) 所称的社会历史事件的更“严肃”表现向主要为娱乐目的制作的节目的转变。2.真人秀节目与不同的纪录片形式相关联，例如新闻纪录片、真实电影传统和观察纪录片。3.然而，由于流行娱乐节目的元素（例如脱口秀、游戏节目和肥皂剧），真人秀最终创建了自己的通用地图。4.Hill (2005, p. 50) 提出了一个事实/虚构的连续体，它反映了这些项目中事实性的滑动尺度。5.连续体涵盖当代纪录片和流行的事实娱乐，从纪录片肥皂和游戏文档到改头换面和问答节目。