第三章. ROS：BCR信号的第二信使

摘要

ROS不仅是引起氧化应激的有毒物质，还作为第二信使氧化ROS敏感的信号分子，增敏多种受体介导的信号传递。过氧化氢作为一种ROS由于相对稳定，被认为是机体内较为重要的第二信使。过氧化氢源自膜定位的NADPH氧化酶(NOXes)产生的超氧化物歧化物，继而被超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)转化得到，此外，超氧化物和过氧化氢也是线粒体呼吸链和多种代谢反应的副产物。BCR交联过程的两个阶段能诱导ROS的产生：BCR交联后即刻至1 h，以及交联后2 h重新开始持续4-6 h。早期ROS的产生由NOX的一种亚型NOX2介导，但本身不参与BCR信号转导；而后期ROS的产生可以增强BCR信号。尽管之前认为线粒体呼吸能延长BCR交联相关ROS的产生，但我们最近的研究表明NOX3，另一种NOX亚型，在后期ROS的产生中扮演着核心角色。NOXes被证明是产生ROS的内体（即氧化还原体，redoxosome）的一个组成部分，以及内吞的受体和受体相关的信号分子（比如在氧化还原体中，由NOXes催化产生的ROS通过内吞的受体增强信号）。值得注意的是，NOXes和氧化还原体在BCR信号转导中的作用还有待进一步阐明。

 

关键词

#Reactive oxygen species  #BCR signaling  #Second messenger  #NADPH oxidases

#活性氧 #BCR信号 #第二信使 #NADPH氧化酶

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