hh1节译:吞世者军团组织结构

As with almost all the Space Marine legions，the XIIth legion at its creation followed the so-called Terran Pattern' of organisation as formulated by the Officio Militaris at the outset of the Great Crusade, but even in this earliest period the Legion's procurement and outfitting showed a considerable  bias towards direct assault and operations within the close and deadly confines of the kinds of battlefields designated as "Zone Mortalis" in strategic doctrine. This would continue under Angron's transition of command, the Legion's organisational structures were kept largely intact but often further streamlined, with its echelons (as its Chapter-level structures were commonly named) being biased in make-up towards line infantry formations. These were by their panoply and tactics a hybrid of tactical/close assult troops for the main part, supported by dedicated heavy assault units such as Tmninarors and specialised units such as Land Speeder squadrons.

就像几乎所有的星际战士军团一样，第十二军团在草创阶段遵循了所谓的泰拉型组织模式——就像军务庭在大远征开始时所制定的那样，但即便是在军团形成与进行装备的最初时期，他们也表现出来某些显著的偏好：直接突击，以及在各种战场上的被战略信条命名为“绝境”的封闭致命地区作战。这种情况持续到了安格隆接手指挥，军团的组织结构很大程度上都保持了稳定不变，但通常会进一步精简，它的梯队（吞世者军团通常如此命名战团级别单位）倾向于组建战线步兵编队。由于他们的全套装备和战术，一种战术/近距离突击部队构成的混编部队成为了军团的主要部分，由诸如终结者之类的专门重型突击单位和诸如兰德速攻艇小队之类的特化单位提供支援。

This organisation lent itself well to a highly aggressive strategic posture and belligerent tactics which while extremely costly in terms of casualities, were also highly effective. One example of such a doctrine was the Legion's preferred pattern of planetary invasion. In this the Legion quickly embraced the use of mass-drop pod attack from orbit in invasion situations to deliver themselves directly to the heart of the enemy without manoeuvre or preamble as a first wave attack .This sudden overwhelming blow was designed to keep the enemy pinned in place fighting this vanguard(which often suffered heavy losses), a second wave of armour and heavier followed in its wake and smashed into areas of high resistance revealed by the first wave. In these attacks the Legion pressed its assault with murderous fury, often fighting in conjunction with dangerously close barrages from warships in low orbit，or with Titans and other siege units right in the thick of the fighting with them.By these tactics the World Eaters' onslaught overcome any resistance through sheer fury, hurling themselves again and again at the foe until their enemy broke and was cut down, fleeing in terror. 

这套组织模式自身很好地适应了高度攻击性的战略姿态与好战的战术——虽然会造成严重的人员伤亡，但也非常高效。此种信条的一个例子便是军团所偏好的星球入侵行动模式——在入侵行动中，第十二军团会从轨道上快速使用大规模空降舱突袭，以此将自己直接投送到敌人的核心，没有预示或者策略，这是第一波攻击潮。这波压倒性的攻势会让敌军固定在原有位置上与这些先锋部队（通常会遭受沉重的损失）交战，装甲载具和重型载具构成的第二波紧随其后，冲入第一波进攻所揭示出的高度抵抗区域。在这些攻击行动中，第十二军团带着残酷的怒火发动进攻，而且在战斗中会有来自低轨道中战舰的危险近距离炮击、或者泰坦和配合他们激战敌人的其他攻城单位的配合。通过这种战术，吞世者的猛攻就靠着纯粹的怒火战胜了任何抵抗，他们一次又一次地扑向敌人 直到对方分崩离析，在恐惧中四散奔逃。

Hand-to-hand combat was always the s preferred form of warfare, even before the Emperor-given name of the War Hound for itself .This did not mean that the legion lacked ability and competency in ranged engagements or armoured warfare and supporting artillery attack—— indeed no lesser luminary of mechanised warfare than Ferrus Manus himself praised the War Hounds' armoured assault at Aldebaran Septus as the "epitome of iron-clad rage given form", but for the War Hounds such things were a tactical means to an end. That end being successfully delivering the killing force of the Legion一its Space Marines一 where they could inflict the most harm and come to grapple with their foe at close quarters. No clearer sign was possible in the Legion of this preference for dealing death face-to-face than the preponderance of close combat weaponry habitually carried by its rank and file. In addition to the ubiquitous combat blades or gladius, even Legionaries attached to reconnaissance squads and vehicle crews commonly carried chainblades, flay-cutters and mono-serrated bayonets, back-up knives, hatchets and cleavers. While in dedicated assault units particularly this profusion of bloody killing tools was added to by a weapon that dated back to the technobarbarian tribes of Terra, the broad-bladed chainaxe. With the coming of Angron as their commander, the World Eaters' predilections for hand-to-hand bloodletting reached even greater heights, as the mastergladiator taught them new weapons and new ways to kill, and what can only be described as a cult of personal combat took hold of the Legion at a fundamental level 。The chainaxe was further refined under Angron's direction ，and such was the reputation it gained (particularly given its effectiveness against brute beasts such as the Orks), that its use spread to several other Legions. But as an abstract the weapon could be seen as a symbol of the World Eaters themselves: brutal and savage, remorseless and unsubtle, a machine with but one purpose—to kill. 

哪怕在帝皇将“战犬”的名讳赐予第十二军团之前，徒手搏斗便是他们所偏好的战争形式。这并不意味着他们缺乏进行远距离交战、装甲战斗与炮兵支援进攻的能力和资产——事实上，（对）第十二军团在机械化战争方面的杰出表现（的描述），莫过于于费鲁斯 马努斯本人对于战犬军团在Aldebaran Septus 上发动的装甲突袭行动的称赞：“钢甲铁骑之怒的缩影”，但对战犬军团而言，这些事物是达成某个目标的战术手段，而这个目标成功地交付给了军团的杀戮力量——星际战士们——这样他们就能给敌人造成最大的伤害，并在近战中和敌人扭打在一起。对于第十二军团这种面对面处理死亡的偏好，可能最为明显标志便是军团部队中多数人都习惯性携带近战武器。除了无所不在的格斗刀和角斗短剑，甚至配属到侦查小队的军团战士和载具乘员们通常也携带了链锯刃、剥皮切割刀、单刃锯齿刺刀、备用刀、短柄斧和劈斩刀。而尤其是在某些专门的突击单位中，这些繁多的杀戮工具中还要加上某种可以回溯到泰拉科技野蛮人部落的武器——阔刃链锯斧。随着安格隆作为他们的指挥官到来，吞世者们对于徒手流血杀戮的嗜好甚至达到了一个更高的高度，因为这名角斗大师传授给他们用于杀戮的新武器和新方法。在安格隆的引导下，链锯斧被进一步改良，它也得到如此之多的名声（尤其是考虑到它在对付诸如欧克兽人之类的残暴野兽时的效率），以至于它的使用传播到了其他多个军团中。但作为一种抽象概念的话，链锯斧也可以被视为吞世者军团本身的标志：残忍野蛮，粗犷无情，是一台只为一个目标——杀戮而运作的机器。

Atrrition rates within the World Eaters were high, and fatality levels on recruits during training are believed to be the worst of any Legion in the period, so unrelenting were the World Eaters' methods. Past a certain point in training, gladiatorial contests and battle-exercises became real life-and-death combat with live rounds and wetted blades, with the goal to raise the skill and strength of the warrior to the greatest extent before they could be deemed worthy of joining the World Eaters' numbers. Despite this focus on individual skill, the wider arts of warfare were not neglected in the World Eaters’ regime and entire companies and even battalions fought one another in great matches and competitions to enforce unit tactics and coherent operations under their Primarch's eye and judgment, but it was always the battlefield that the World Eaters hungered for, and where its champions and officers were chosen.

吞世者军团中的减员比例颇高，人们相信吞世者新兵在训练中的死亡率是该时期所有军团中最糟糕的，所以冷酷武器成为了吞世者的手段。在经过训练中的某个时间点之后，角斗竞争和战斗训练就真的成为了使用实弹和浸血利刃的你死我活的搏斗，目的是为了让一名战士在被认为值得加入吞世者军团之前就把自己的技艺和力量提升到最高程度。不考虑对于个人记忆的关注，吞世者军团的管理层和整个的连队们也并未忽视更广泛的战争艺术，而在原体的监督和判定之下，战斗营甚至会在大规模的比赛竞争中互相对抗以增强单位的战术和连贯运作。但吞世者们总是在渴望着战场，他们的冠军和军官也是在战场上选出。

In order to cope with the rigours of their training and ceaseless campaigning, under Angrons direction recruitment processes were streamlined and accelerated, and recruits were drawn from a number of Feral and feudal worlds scattered across the Segmenta in order to meet the  Legion's demands. The Apothecaries of the Legion embraced the use of the Primarch's own genetic material to stabilise and speed up the progression and implantation procedures— the so-called Grabiya's Theorem. Alongside this a far darker practice began to evolve within the ranks of the World Eaters; the use of psycho-surgical implants to enhance aggression and pain tolerance far beyond that which even the gene-engineered flesh of a member of the Legiones Astartes was capable, but left them devoid of joy or peace save for that found in battle. In this Angron ordered the study of the implants he had been given by his slave masters— the infamous 'Butcher's Nails’ to serve as a template. This posed difficulties however, as Angron's implants were relics of a long lost technology, Little understood even by their makers, while removing them from Angron for close study would have proved fatal to the Primarch- Because of this, early attempts to duplicate them by the combined efforts of the Legion’s Techmarines and Apothecaries appear to have been far from successful, and resulted in high rates of mortality and irrecoverable homicidal frenzy on test recruits. However as time progressed, viable technology was replicated and steadily improved (although it was never fully stable or constant between subjects), and entire newly-formed companies of recruits were implanted, as well as large numbers of existing World Eaters who volunteered for the dangerous operation. The majority of these were absorbed back into the Legion's line units, while those deemed perhaps too unstable for such tasks joined a growing number of near-berserker assault units known as Rampager squads, and within these those too far gone to be anything but restrained between battles simply became known as the Caedere or the Butchers' —a lightening portent of what was to come for the Legion.

为了应对他们的训练和无尽战斗中的严酷境况，在安格隆的命令下，军团征召过程被简化和加速，他们从遍布在整个星域当中的多个野蛮和封建世界挑选新兵来满足军团的需要。军团药剂师们利用原体本人的基因物质来稳定和加速进程与移植程序——这就是所谓的格拉比亚定理。伴随着这些现象，某种远为黑暗的行为开始在吞世者部队中愈演愈烈——军团利用某种灵能外科植入物来增强攻击性和忍耐力，甚至远远超出了很多军团阿斯塔特们基因改造的肉体所能提供的能力，但也导致他们只能在战斗中找到愉悦或平静。安格隆下令研究他的奴隶主子们给他植入的那些植入物——臭名昭著的“屠夫之钉”来作为样本。但这存在着困难，因为安格隆的植入物是某种失落已久的科技的遗物，哪怕是制造者也对它知之甚少，而且将它们从安格隆体内移除进行详细研究会导致原体的死亡——因此，军团药剂师和技术军士们早期尝试复制屠夫之钉的共同努力似乎很失败，而且在受试新兵当中造成了很高比例的死亡和不可复原的嗜杀狂乱。但随着时间推移，切实可行的技术被复制出来并持续不断地改进（虽然这种技术在受试者中从未完全稳定或恒定过），完全由接受过植入手术的新兵们和大量自愿接受这项危险手术现役吞世者战士们组成的新组建连队也形成了。大多数接受过手术的战士们都被吸收进了军团阵线单位，而那些过于不稳定以至于无法执行此类任务的战士们则加入某个人数不断增长的近乎狂战士般的突击单位——施虐者小队，而在施虐者当中，那些走得太远、在每两次战斗之间必须被束缚监禁起来的战士被简单地称为屠杀者或“屠夫”——这是军团将会成为的某种事物的凶恶征兆。

Desipite its risk and its costs, evidence exists that this psycho-surgery was embraced， not simply because it enhanced the fighting ability of the Space Marine who survived the implantation, but also because that by doing so the World Eaters believed it brought them closer to their Primarch spiritually, becoming one with his tortured soul and his rage.

但不考虑其风险和（造成的）损失的话，存在证据证明：吞世者们接受这种精神外科手术不仅仅是因为它能增强那些挺过植入过程的星际战士们的战斗力，而且也是因为吞世者们相信通过这种手术他们能在精神上更加靠近他们的原体，变得像原体一样拥有被折磨的灵魂和他的怒火。

Legion Command Hierarchy

军团指挥等级体系

As the War Hounds, the XIIth Legion was known for its harsh enforcement of internal discipline and the hot-blooded temper of its Legionaries. Command within the Legion was gained through a mixture of martial prowess on the battlefield and displays of leadership on the front line, with specialists singled out by aptitude early on. No rank or role within the Legion was exempt from the expectation that they would fight as hard as the rest however, nor was the desire to grapple with a foe and cut them down by blade-stroke discouraged if the opportunity arose, be the Space Marine in question an Apothecary or Artillerist rather than a line fighter. Compared to many other Legions, order and discipline did not come as naturally to those of this gene-seed as might be expected—tempers seethed, slights perceived or real were met with anger and more often than not violence should their sense of honour be impugned. Any officer of the Legion knew they were expected to back up their commands by force if needed, and punish infractors by their own hands as was the Legions way to disobey an order in battle was a death sentence to be carried out without delay. To the Legion life itself was war—a conflict that never ended from cradle to grave and the Legiones Astartes was this concept given its purest form. Failure in battle was not tolerated, surrender was never countenanced and mercy was a quick death delivered to a foe that had fought with bravery—cowards deserved no more than savage butchery in reward of their fear. This simple but resolutely brutal code of war was the Legions article of faith and they extended it to both their own number and their enemy.

在作为战犬军团时，第十二军团因对于内部纪律的严格执行和军团战士们血气方刚的脾性而著称。军团内部的指挥权是通过战场上的各种军事实力与在前线表现出的领导力相结合而获得的，专精某一方面的军官则是提早根据才能挑选而出。军团内部的任何军衔（的军官）和角色对于战斗的期待都像其他人一样强烈，不过也有人不想与敌人扭打厮杀和用利刃砍倒敌人，这些被提及的星际战士成为了药剂师或炮兵而非前线战士。相比于其他很多军团，纪律和秩序在那些拥有第十二军团基因种子的星际战士中来的并不像预料中那么自然——他们脾气暴躁；无论是是他们觉得自己的荣誉感受到质疑，还是他们的荣誉感真的被冒犯，他们都会发怒并诉诸暴力。如果需要的话，军团中的任何军官都明白他们被要求用力量来支持自己的指挥权，而且他们要用自己的双手来惩罚违反命令者——在军团中，违背命令者会被毫无拖延地马上处死。对第十二军团而言，人生本身就是一场从降生到死亡都不会结束的战争，军团阿斯塔特则是这个概念的最纯粹形式。战斗中的失败不会被容忍，投降绝对不会被赞同，给带着勇气作战的敌人一次快速的死亡便是仁慈，而懦夫由于他们的恐惧只配被残忍地屠宰掉。这种简单却坚决残酷的战争法规就是军团的信念法则，他们将其施用在敌人身上，也施用在自己人身上。

The arrival of the Primarch Angron brought a primitive, almost tribal unity to the newly renamed World Eaters, and he quickly became the pinnacle of warrior-hood to be aspired to for his Legion. Under his influence, the competirive, hot-blooded tension that had always roiled under the surface of the Legion's psyche was channelled and given form. Gladiatorial combat—never without blood spilled, and when taken to its extremes fatal, became both the crux of the World Eaters’ training, honing their individual battle skills to a razor's edge and a vital outlet for the pent-up aggression and frustrated bloodlust of the Legion between war zones. Trial by combat was also the Legion's preferred route of settling disagreements within its ranks, and bloodletting by warriors in open discord was an honourable thing both in Angrons eyes and that of his Legion. Here also could one of higher rank be challenged for the right to command, although such rare contests were always to the death. The most revered measure of this latter practice was membership of the Devourers. This cadre within the Legion was a dedicated bodyguard unit for the World Eaters’ Primarch (whether he needed one is another matter). In battle they fought encased in Terminator armour and carried the most savage weapons the Legion possessed. This warrior band numbered only twelve members, and access to its ranks was only attained by defeating a Devourer in single combat to the death or, should one of its number fall in battle against an enemy, a successor was selected by a contest open to all in the Legion, only one of which would survive.

原体安格隆的到来给被新命名为吞世者的第十二军团带来了简单到近乎是部落般的团结统一，而且他很快就成为了第十二军团所渴望的战士精神的顶点。在他的影响下，激荡在第十二军团战士心灵表面之下的血气方刚好胜心被引导和给予了形式。角斗对抗（曾经）是不流血的，但当这些角斗比赛变得极其致命时，它成为了吞世者们训练的关键，将他们的个人战斗技能磨练得如同剃刀边缘般锋利，并在战区之间为他们被压制的侵略性和军团未能被满足的嗜血欲望提供重要的发泄口。通过格斗进行审判也是军团所偏好的解决其内部分歧的途径，而且在安格隆和吞世者军团的眼中，战士们在公开纷争中以流血方式解决问题是一件荣誉之事。军团成员们也可以在格斗审判中挑战上级军官来获取指挥权，但这种罕见的竞争通常以死亡做结。对于后一种行为，最受崇敬的标准是吞噬者部队的资格（争夺）。军团中的这支核心部队是吞世者原体专门的卫队(但安格隆是否需要卫队就是另一件事了)。在战斗中他们会穿戴着终结者动力甲并配备着军团中最为野蛮的武器。这支部队只有十二个成员，要成为其中的一员，要么只能是在一对一的格斗对决中战胜击杀一名吞噬者，要么就是当一位吞噬者战死沙场之后，军团在一场面向全体军团成员的公开比武中挑选出继任者，而且只有一名参选者能幸存。

The rank structure of the World Eaters under Angron remained simple and direct, the Primarch having little but scorn for the trappings of elites and pointless accolades and titles, refusing it is said to be addressed even as “Lord”， but he did see the virtue of a reliable and transparent chain of command in war .Such honours that the Legion and their master did believe in were warriormarks of brotherhood and the scars of battle; these things transcended rank and spoke to the worth of the Space Marine beneath the armour. The sundered chains of one who had fought overwhelming odds and lived—an allusion that spoke to Angron's own bleak history, and the bloody handprint over the face or heart bestowed by a battle leader for a warrior whose fury had transcended that of his brothers—to the World Eaters these meant more than any mere bauble, title or trinket.

安格隆指挥下的部队结构依旧简单直接，原体对于精锐部队的服饰与无意义的荣誉和头衔只有蔑视而已，据说他甚至拒绝被加上“阁下”的尊称，但他也确实看到了在战争中建立一条可靠且易懂的指挥链的优势。吞世者军团和他们的主人只相信这样两种荣誉：兄弟情义的战士标志和战斗伤疤。它们超越了军衔，述说着动力甲下那位星际战士的意义。一条束缚着某位对抗压倒性逆境并且存活下来之人的破碎铁链——这是对安格隆惨淡历史的一次暗喻；当一位吞世者战士在战斗中表现出了超越兄弟们的怒火时，战斗领袖会在他的脸上或者心脏的位置授予一个血手印——对吞世者们而言，这比任何纯粹的装饰、头衔或小饰品都更有意义。

War Disposition

战争配置

At the time of rhe Isstvan III atrocity, a precise estimation of the World Eaters’ fighting strength and disposition is impossible to make account of 。It was known however to be well-supplied and supported both by the Ember Wolves Titan Legion and a fleet of at least sixty Capital class vessels. The Legion itself had been heavily engaged in near-continuous battle for decades, and had suffered huge casualty rates, and maintained a through-put of new recruits that not even the Warmaster was likely to have been able to keep track of. Our best estimates in their observed strength at this time is around the 150000 mark in terms of active strength, placing the World Eaters Legion in the higher-mid levels comparative to its contemporaries. Perhaps three quarters of this number accompanied their Primarch to Isstvan III and of these a full third were placed into the first arrack wave, and betrayed unto their deaths on the surface. Of all the Legions that sacrificed a proportion of their own number on the surface of Isstvan III, the make-up and selection of the World Eaters force remains perhaps the most impenetrable to fathom in some regards. While many in the spearhead were indeed of Terran stock, others were not, and Terrans remained at Angron's side, nor were the rest entirely selected from those who had not elected for psycho-surgery, as indeed there were precious few such individuals remaining at this point. By whatever mechanism Angron chose, choose he did and tellingly, and after it became apparent that Horus' treacherous blow had not had its desired result, Angron defied the Warmaster and descended with his own to do his warriors the honour of killing them face-to-face.

我们不可能准确估算出伊斯特万三号暴行时期吞世者军团的战斗兵力和战略部署。但我们知道他们供给良好，而且得到了来自余烬之狼泰坦军团和由至少六十艘主力舰组成的舰队的支援。军团本身数十年来一直在进行着近乎连续的战斗，而且遭受了严重的伤亡，他们还保有着可能连战帅也不能追踪到的新兵吞吐量。对于此时吞世者（能）被观察的兵力，我们最详细的估计是大约150000活跃兵力，相比于兄弟军团，吞世者军团兵力处于中上水平。可能其中有四分之三的成员都陪同原体前往了伊斯特万三号，而在前往伊斯特万三号战场的吞世者中，又有整整三分之一的成员被编入了第一波进攻行动，他们最终在星球表面死于背叛。荷鲁斯之子、帝皇之子、吞世者和死亡守卫四个军团都在伊斯特万三号地表上牺牲了自己一部分兵力，而在某些方面，吞世者部队的组成和选择也许仍然是最难以理解的。虽然吞世者矛头部队中的很多成员确实都是泰拉裔，其他成员则不是，而且也仍有泰拉裔留在安格隆身边，其余的人也不是完全从没有参加过灵能手术的人中选出来的，事实上在这个时间点上仍有极少数未植入屠夫之钉的军团成员。无论安格隆选择了怎样的机制，他确实做出了选择，而且是有效的。在荷鲁斯的背刺攻势明显没有取得期望的效果之后，安格隆违抗了战帅，他亲自降临，给他的战士们提供了与原体面对面搏杀的荣誉。