【龙腾网】一些哺乳动物在熊猫保护行动中失利

正文翻译

Saving the giant panda is one of the big success stories of conservation.

拯救大熊猫是动物保护工作的一大成功案例。

But, according to a new study, while many other animals in the same landscape have benefited from this conservation work, some have lost out.

但是，根据一项新的研究，虽然同一栖息地中的许多其他动物都从这项保护工作中受益，但有些动物却失去了机会。

Leopards, snow leopards, wolves and Asian wild dogs have almost disappeared from the majority of protected areas.

豹子、雪豹、狼和亚洲野狗几乎已经从大多数保护区中彻底消失了。

A team of researchers now says a broader - holistic - approach is needed to manage the ecosystem in which the panda lives - one that ensures key species don't lose out.

一个研究小组现在说，需要一个更广泛的、更整体的方法来管理熊猫生活的生态系统——一个能确保关键物种不受损失的方法。

This was "critically needed to better increase the resilience and sustainability of the ecosystems not only for giant pandas but also for other wild species", said co-author Dr Sheng Li of Peking University in Beijing.

这是 "迫切需要更好地提高生态系统的弹性和可持续性，不仅只是保护大熊猫，也是保护其他野生物种"，论文共同作者，北京大学的李胜博士说道。

In order to achieve this, the researchers outline a range of measures including enforcement against poaching and restoring habitats for the animals that large carnivores eat.

为了实现这一目标，研究人员概述了一系列措施，包括对偷猎行为的执法惩罚和恢复大型食肉动物的栖息地。

The distinctive black and white mammal is regarded as an "umbrella species". These are species sexted as subjects for conservation, typically because protecting them indirectly helps other wildlife in that ecological community.

这种黑白分明的哺乳动物被称为 "保护伞物种"。这些物种被选为保护对象，通常是因为保护它们会间接帮助该生态群落中的其他野生动物。

In the wild panda's case, protecting the forests in which it lives has been good for many other animals and plants, including birds and small carnivores.

以野生熊猫为例，保护它们生活的森林对许多其他动物和植物都有好处，包括鸟类和小型食肉动物。

Yet, large predators such as leopards, wolves and the little-known Asian wild dog, or dhole, which tend to range far and wide, seem to have fared badly.

然而，大型食肉动物，如豹、狼和鲜为人知的亚洲野狗，如豺，它们往往分布很远很广，但它们的情况似乎很糟糕。

Since panda reserves were set up in the 1960s, all four species have been lost from a big proportion of reserves. Leopards have disappeared from 81% of reserves, snow leopards from 38%, wolves from 77% and Asian wild dogs from 95%.

自20世纪60年代建立熊猫保护区以来，这四种动物已经从很大一部分保护区中消失。豹子在81%的保护区消失，雪豹在38%的保护区消失，狼在77%的保护区消失，亚洲野狗在95%的保护区消失。

Numbers are now very low. For instance, there were only four sightings of the Asian wild dog among data from almost 8,000 survey stations recording more than 1.5 million camera days' of footage.

它们现在的数量已经非常少了。例如，在近8,000个调查站的数据中，记录了超过150万个摄影日的镜头。只有4次发现亚洲野狗，

Prof Samuel Turvey of ZSL (Zoological Society of London), who is not connected with the study, said conservation in China and elsewhere in the world has often been based around landscape protection for specific "flagship species", with inferred wider benefits for regional biodiversity.

ZSL（伦敦动物学会）的Samuel Turvey教授（并未参与此项研究）说，中国和世界其他地方的动物保护工作往往围绕着对特定 "旗舰物种 "的景观保护，并推断出对区域生物多样性拥有更大益处。

This includes giant pandas in central China, and critically endangered gibbons in Hainan, he said.

他说，这包括华中地区的大熊猫，以及海南极度濒危的长臂猿。

"This has led to some important species recoveries, but efforts to maintain threatened biodiversity must also address human activities at the wider ecosystem-level, otherwise non-target species might continue to slip away unnoticed," said Prof Turvey.

"这成功的导致了一些濒危物种的数量恢复，但维护受威胁的生物多样性的努力还必须在更广泛的生态系统层面解决人类活动问题，否则非目标物种可能会继续悄然溜走，"Turvey教授说。

In the study, the researchers analysed data from 73 protected areas, including 66 giant panda nature reserves, comparing historical survey data with a decade's worth of extensive camera-trap surveys.

在这项研究中，研究人员分析了73个保护区的数据，其中包括66个大熊猫自然保护区，将历史调查数据与十年来广泛的相机捕捉记录调查进行了比较。

The research is published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution.

该研究发表在《自然生态学与进化》杂志上。