前言

近期因为各方条件的限制，会暂缓视频的制作。由于我的大部分文章都无法发表，所以近期会连续进行的工作是翻译：《The New Materialism Althusser, Badiou, and Zizek》(Geoff Pfeifer) ，我会给出中英文的对照方便读者阅读。另外，如果有熟悉并且擅长英文的读者，请在评论区、私信或者邮件里面指出我的错误和不足。欢迎一切严肃的批评。

另外再补充说明一点，每天翻译的量不会很大，时间只允许我从事碎片的学习。通常情况下是一到两个自然段。但时间长了就会积少成多的。

导论

物质生活条件的生产模式，普遍上的社会的、政治的、智性生活的历程。并非人类意识决定了他们的存在，恰恰相反，社会存在决定意识。

在马克思的所有作品里面，上述这些可能是最出名的话了。当一个人谈及马克思主义的唯物主义时，这些话经常被引用，并且据说是呈现出了马克思主义的简明外观。当然，对这句话的标准理解是，在对于历史的理解上，马克思将他自己设定在黑格尔主义者（观念论者）的直接对立面。根据黑格尔，历史是概念或观念的实现（以及实现过程），是作为人类——集体地作为“精神”——的我们将这些概念的意义带到意识中来的过程。[注：绝对精神以主体且必须以主体为中介才能实现自身]精神是黑格尔的关于艺术的[这个art在这里怎么翻译好呢？]术语，它表明那些在特定的历史时期显现自身的社会存在的形态。随着历史的前进，这些形态使它们自身不断地更新和转换。随着事物的发展，每一个存在着的精神的特定形态都孕育着新的形态，每一个新的形态都是在先前时期当中现身的概念的进一步实现。对黑格尔来说，我们总是已经现身了，我们所现身的[具身化的我们，正如前面已经说过，精神必须以主体为中介现身]恰恰就是那个为我们存在的精神的特定形态——或者我们可以说，精神在我们当中现身；

Introduction

The mode of production of materiallife conditions the social, political, and intellectual life process in general. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their being, but on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness. 

These are, perhaps, sorne of the most famous words in aIl of Marx's writings. They are often invoked when one talks of Marxist materialism, and sa id to represent a concise encapsulation of what this doctrine is aU about. The standard und ers tan ding of this is, of course, that Marx is setting himself in direct opposition to the Hegelian (idealist) understanding of history. History is, according to Hegel, a working out (and working through) of concepts-or ideas-and the process by which we as humans, collectively or as 'Spirit,' come to consciousness of their meaning. The term Spirit is Hegel's term of art for the shapes of social existence that exhibit themselves at a particular time. These shapes are constantly renewing and transforming themselves as history moves forward. Each particular shape of existing spirit gives birth to new shapes as things proceed, and each new shape is a further working out of the concept(s) embodied in the prior shape. We are, on Hegel's account, always embodied, and what we embody is precisely that particular shape of spirit that exists for us-alternatively we could say that spirit is embodied in us;