So other people would be also free

所以其他人也应当是自由的

The killing of George Floyd has sparked global soul-searching

乔治·弗洛伊德被杀引发了全球的反思

Protests have broken out in dozens of countries

数十个国家爆发了抗议活动

Jun 11th 2020 | AMSTERDAM, JOHANNESBURG, MELKSHAM, MEXICO CITY, PARIS AND SÃO PAULO

LOCAL POLICE arrested Giovanni López, a 30-year-old Mexican bricklayer, in Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos, a town near Guadalajara, on May 4th. Why they detained him is unclear. The next morning his family found him dead in a nearby hospital, with bruises on his head and a bullet in his ankle. His name did not go viral; no politician lamented his death.

5月4日，瓜达拉哈拉（Guadalajara）附近的伊克斯特拉瓦坎德洛斯姆布里洛斯镇（Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos），当地警方逮捕了30岁的墨西哥泥瓦匠乔凡尼·洛佩兹（Giovanni López）。他们拘留他的原因尚不清楚。第二天早上，他的家人发现他死在附近一家医院，头部有瘀伤，脚踝中了一颗子弹。他的名字没有像病毒一样传播;没有政治家为他的死感到惋惜。

词汇

Bruise/ 擦伤，青肿

Christian López, who filmed his brother’s arrest, stayed silent at first. He would later claim that messengers acting on behalf of the local mayor threatened to kill his family if the footage went public. But then came the killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis, and the anti-police, anti-racism backlash that has swept the world. “I saw it and thought, this is the same thing that happened to my brother,” he says. On June 1st he went to the press.

克里斯蒂安·洛佩斯(Christian Lopez)拍摄了他哥哥被捕的过程，一开始他一直保持沉默。他后来声称，代表当地市长的信使威胁说，如果这段录像公开，就杀了他的家人。但随后，明尼阿波利斯（Minneapolis）的乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)被杀，以及席卷全球的反警察、反种族主义的高涨情绪。他说:“我看到了，我醒悟了，这和我哥哥的遭遇是一样的。”6月1日，他走进了媒体。

词汇

Footage/连续镜头

Backlash/反冲；强烈抵制

The chief prosecutor in the state of Jalisco, where the death occurred, faced a barrage of questions. On June 4th a march in Guadalajara, marking a month since Giovanni’s death, turned violent. Calls demanding #Justiciaparagiovanni increased. The three officers connected with Giovanni’s death were arrested. The mayor’s role is under investigation. Protests have since spread to Tijuana and the state of Veracruz against two local pre-Floyd police killings, of Oliver López (no relation) in March and Carlos Andrés Navarro in May.

死亡事件发生的哈利斯科（Jalisco）州的首席检察官面临着一连串的质疑。June 4th，在瓜达拉哈拉，纪念乔凡尼死后一个月的游行演变成了暴力。“给乔瓦尼一个公正的答复”的呼声增加了。与乔凡尼之死有关的三名官员已被逮捕。市长的身份正在接受调查。抗议活动已经蔓延到蒂华纳（Tijuana）和韦拉克鲁斯（Veracruz）州，抗议两起发生在佛洛伊德之前的当地警察杀人事件，分别是3月的奥利弗·洛佩斯（Oliver López）[并没有关联性]和5月的卡洛斯·安德烈斯·纳瓦罗(Carlos Andrés Navarro)。

Mr Floyd’s death has provoked protests around the world. Why his death set off a global movement whereas countless other unjust killings did not is hard to say. Mr Floyd was American, of course, and the world pays more attention to the United States than to Mexico or any other country. His death was filmed in excruciating detail. It happened at a time when billions of people were cooped up and frustrated at home, thanks to covid-19. Lockdowns have surely made the global mood more combustible.

弗洛伊德的死引发了世界各地的抗议。为什么他的死引发了一场全球性的运动，而其他无数不公正的杀戮却没有，这很难说。当然，弗洛伊德是美国人，世界对美国的关注超过了对墨西哥或其他任何国家的关注。他的死被详细地拍摄下来。当时，由于新冠病毒，数十亿人被关在家里，感到沮丧。封锁无疑让全球情绪更加易燃。

词汇

Coop up/把…关起来；禁闭

Combustible/  易燃的；易激动的

But the important points are that police brutality is rife in many countries and minorities fear discrimination everywhere. That is why Mr Floyd’s fate resonated. Just as women on every continent found common cause in the #MeToo movement, despite the range of their experiences, so protesters around the world have united around the cry that black lives matter.

但重要的一点是，警察暴行在许多国家很普遍，而且少数民族害怕处处受到歧视。这就是为什么弗洛伊德的命运引起了共鸣。正如世界各地的妇女在“我也是”运动中找到了共同的目标，尽管她们的经历各不相同，世界各地的抗议者也团结在一起，呼吁黑人的生命很重要。

词汇

Rife/普遍的；流行的

At their simplest the protests mark people’s antipathy towards cops who beat or kill those whom they vowed to protect. Protests have spread throughout Mexico, where nine in ten homicides go unpunished and many police moonlight for the other side. The country’s most notorious unsolved crime, the disappearance and presumed murder in 2014 of 43 student teachers in the town of Ayotzinapa, is thought to have been orchestrated by police paid by drug gangs.

抗议活动最简单的表达了人们对警察的反感，警察殴打或杀害了他们发誓要保护的人。抗议活动已经蔓延到整个墨西哥，在那里十分之九的杀人案没有受到惩罚，许多警察兼职为另一方工作。该国最臭名昭著的未破案件是2014年发生在阿约齐纳帕（Ayotzinapa）镇的43名教师失踪并被认为是被谋杀的案件。这起案件被认为是由贩毒团伙贿赂的警察精心策划的。

词汇

Homicide/过失杀人；杀人犯

Moonlight/ （非正式）夜间秘密地兼职

Orchestrate/精心安排

Some of the global anger is directed at the United States. Protests have erupted outside American embassies from Spain to South Africa. Nana Akufo-Addo, Ghana’s president, tweeted that: “Black people, the world over, are shocked and distraught.” President Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa said: “The killing of George Floyd has opened up deep wounds for us all.”

全球的一些愤怒直指美国。从西班牙到南非的美国大使馆外都爆发了抗议活动。加纳总统纳纳•阿库福-阿多(Nana Akufo-Addo)在twitter上表示:“全世界的黑人都感到震惊和心烦意乱。南非总统西里尔•拉马福萨(Cyril Ramaphosa)表示:“乔治•弗洛伊德(George Floyd)被杀，给我们所有人打开了深深的伤口。”

词汇

Distraught/发狂的；心烦意乱的

Many protesters would agree. But many also seethe that their leaders condemn police abuse in Minnesota while allowing or even encouraging it at home. America’s police kill more people than those of any other rich democracy, but cops in some developing countries are much more lethal (see chart 1). So plenty of the protests around the world are about local abuses as well.

许多抗议者会同意这一观点。但许多人也感到愤怒，因为他们的领导人谴责明尼苏达州的警察滥用职权，却允许甚至鼓励国内的警察滥用职权。美国警察杀害的人比其他任何一个富裕的民主国家都多，但是一些发展中 国家的警察要致命得多(见表1)。因此，世界各地的许多抗议活动也与当地的滥用职权有关。

词汇

Seethe/沸腾；激动

On June 8th in Mathare, a poor part of Nairobi, about 200 Kenyans marched against police atrocities. Since a covid-19 curfew was introduced in Kenya’s capital on March 27th police have killed 15 people, according to the country’s Independent Police Oversight Authority. “[T]he poor people of this country have come together to say no to police killings...and also stand in solidarity with the global protest against police excesses,” Juliet Wanjera, a member of the Mathare Social Justice Centre, an NGO, has told journalists.

6月8日，大约200名肯尼亚人在内罗毕（Nairobi）的贫困地区玛萨瑞（Mathare）举行游行，反对警察的暴行。据肯尼亚独立警察监督机构称，自3月27日肯尼亚首都实施新冠病毒宵禁以来，警方已造成15人死亡。非政府组织玛萨瑞社会正义中心的成员朱丽叶·万杰拉告诉记者“这个国家的穷人团结起来对警察杀人说不……他们与全球反对警察暴行的抗议站在一起”。

Since 2012 there have been more than 40,000 complaints against the South African Police Service for alleged crimes including rape and murder, with just 531 convictions. Security forces have killed at least 11 people during South Africa’s lockdown, in place since March 27th, and more than 200,000 have been arrested. Mr Ramaphosa has said merely that authorities have been guilty of “over-enthusiasm”.

自2012年以来，南非警方收到了4万多起针对QJ和谋杀等罪行的投诉，其中只有531起被定罪。在南非自3月27日起实施的封锁期间，治安团队已经杀死了至少11人，超过20万人被捕。拉马福萨（Ramaphosa）只是表示，当局的“过度热情”是有罪的。

That will not wash with many South Africans. The killing on April 10th of Collins Khosa, a 40-year-old man from Alexandra, a township in Johannesburg, by soldiers, has prompted particular outrage. According to his family, Mr Khosa was targeted for drinking a beer even though he was on his own property. (Buying alcohol was illegal in April and May, as per lockdown regulations, but drinking it was not.)

许多南非人不会认同这一点。4月10日，一名来自约翰内斯堡（Johannesburg）亚历山德拉（Alexandra）镇的40岁男子Collins Khosa被士兵杀害，这引起了特别的愤慨。据他的家人说，科萨之所以成为袭击目标，是因为他喝了啤酒，尽管他是在自己的房子里。(根据禁闭规定，4月和5月买酒是违法的，但喝酒不是。)

词汇

wash with/使……相信

Some analysts worry that police abuse in America may make it easier for others to follow suit. “It will certainly be very easy for leaders in Africa, those with their own dictatorial tendencies, to justify future behaviour by referencing the actions of the US administration in the last few weeks,” argues Idayat Hassan of the Centre for Democracy and Development, a think-tank in Abuja, Nigeria. Police brutality in developing countries rarely prompts a global reaction. The killing by Zimbabwean security forces of 17 protesters in January 2019 did not lead to mass protests elsewhere.

一些分析人士担心，美国警察滥用职权可能会让其他人更容易效仿。尼日利亚阿布贾的智库民主与发展中心(Centre for Democracy and Development)的伊达亚特•哈桑(Idayat Hassan)表示:“对于那些有独裁倾向的非洲领导人来说，参照美国政府过去几周的行动，肯定很容易为未来的行为辩护。”发展中 国家的警察暴行很少引起全球的反应。2019年1月津巴布韦安全部队杀害17名抗议者的事件并没有在其他地方引发大规模抗议。

词汇

Dictatorial/独裁的，专政的

In the state of Rio de Janeiro (population 6.3m), police killed 1,810 people last year, nearly twice as many as in the United States (population 328m). Police say most of the dead are gunmen from favelas, informal settlements that are often controlled by criminals. But watchdogs point to a rise in extrajudicial killings, including massacres of more than ten people, fuelled by warlike police operations, sometimes with snipers in helicopters. Images of smiling children killed by police all too often appear on people’s televisions. They include eight-year-old Agatha, shot by a stray bullet last September while riding in a van with her mother, and 14-year-old João Pedro, killed in a botched police raid last month.

在人口630万的里约热内卢州，警察去年杀死了1810人，几乎是美国(人口3.28亿)的两倍。警方说，大多数死者是来自贫民窟的枪手。贫民窟是通常由犯罪分子控制的非正式定居点。但监督机构指出，法外处决事件有所增加，包括对十多人的屠杀，这是由好战的警察行动引发的，有时还动用了直升机上的狙击手。人们的电视上经常出现被警察杀害的微笑着的孩子的画面。其中包括8岁的阿加莎(Agatha) ：去年9月，她和母亲坐在一辆面包车里，被流弹击中；以及14岁的若昂·佩德罗(Joao Pedro)，在警察官的一次集体搜捕行动中被杀害。

词汇

Favela/（巴西的）贫民区

Extrajudicial/法庭职权以外的

Botched/一团糟的

Raid/袭击；突袭；搜捕

Brazilians in more than ten cities took to the streets on June 7th to mourn their deaths and to protest against the government of Jair Bolsonaro, a populist who campaigned on promises to give immunity to police who kill. He said last year that a bill to this effect would cause criminals to “die in the streets like cockroaches”. Congress rejected the measure, but Brazil’s trigger-happy police are rarely prosecuted. Still, on June 5th a Supreme Court judge banned most police operations in favelas for the remainder of the pandemic.

6月7日，十多个城市的巴西人走上街头哀悼他们的死亡，并抗议波索那罗（Jair Bolsonaro）的政府，这位民粹主义者在竞选中承诺给予杀人警察豁免权。他去年曾说过这样的法案会让罪犯“像蟑螂一样死在街上”。国会否决了这项措施，但是巴西好战的警察很少被起诉。然而，6月5日，一位最高法院法官禁止了贫民窟的大多数警察在疫情爆发后采取行动。

词汇

Cockroach/蟑螂

trigger-happy/好战的；乱开枪的

Of the 6,220 people killed by Brazil’s police in 2018, three out of four were black. In Indonesia, #BlackLivesMatter has found new relevance as #PapuanLivesMatter. Indonesia runs half of the island of New Guinea, and controls it almost as if it were an occupying power. Papuans—whose skin is darker than that of other Indonesians—face bleak economic prospects and violence at the hands of security forces.

2018年，巴西警方杀害了6220人，其中四分之三是黑人。在印度尼西亚，“黑人生命重要”和“巴布亚生命重要”有了新的联系性。印度尼西亚控制着新几内亚岛的一半，几乎像占领国一样控制着它。巴布亚人的皮肤比其他印尼人更黑，他们面临着暗淡的经济前景和遭受治安团队暴力的可能。

In 2019 a Papuan student dormitory in Surabaya in eastern Java was besieged by a mob claiming its inhabitants had thrown the national flag into a gutter. Some taunted them as “monkeys”. Rather than dispersing the mob, riot police stormed the dorm with tear-gas and arrested 43 Papuans. That and similar actions in other cities were the catalyst last summer for huge demonstrations by young Indonesians in support of Papuans. In recent days calls have grown for Indonesians to denounce the discrimination that Papuans suffer.

2019年，东爪哇泗水(Surabaya in eastern Java)的一个巴布亚（Papuan）学生宿舍被一群暴徒包围，声称其居民将国旗扔进排水沟。一些人嘲笑他们是“猴子”。防暴警察没有驱散暴民，而是用催泪弹冲进宿舍，逮捕了43名巴布亚人。去年夏天，印尼年轻人举行了支持巴布亚人的大规模示威活动。最近几天，要求因巴布亚人遭受歧视而谴责印尼人的呼声越来越高。

词汇

Gutter/排水沟

riot police/防爆警察

denounce/谴责