(纯干货)高考英语系列-语法填空解题技巧

1.动词(v.)→名词(n.)
在动词词尾加上-ment变为名词
achieve-achievement
agree-agreement
depart-department
特殊
argue-argument(争论)
在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变为名词
例如:
attract-attractive
instruct-instruction
discuss-discussion
express-expression
去e再加“ion”
graduate-graduation
operate-operation
educate-education
特殊
compete-competition
organize-organization
特例:
decide-decision
conclude-conclusion
describe-description
在动词词尾加-ing变为名词
例如:
meet-meeting
build-building
say-saying(谚语)
注意:以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母
如:
swim-swimming
shop-shopping
begin-beginning
2.动词(v.)→形容词(adj.)
respect respective/respectable
care careful
wonder wonderful
interest interesting/interested
disappoint disappointing /disappointed
3.名词(n.)→形容词(adj.)
在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)
rain-rainy
cloud-cloudy
wind-windy
snow-snowy
health-healthy
luck-lucky
anger-angry
guilt-guilty
tourist-touristy
salt-salty
sleep-sleepy
如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时候应双写辅音字母再加“-y”
sun-sunny
fun-funny
fog-foggy
fur-furry(毛皮的)
少数以不发音 的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加“-y”
noise-noise
ice-icy
shine-shiny
taste-tasty
名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d.
spot-spotted
talent-talented
organize-organized
balance-balanced
一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词
meaning-meaningful
在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词
care-careless
use-useless
hope-hopeless
home-homeless
一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词
difference-different
silence-silent
confidence-confident
在名词后加-ly变为形容词
friend-friendly
love-lovely
live-lively
在名词后加-ous变为形容词
danger-dangerous
在名词后面加-al变为形容词
music-musical
特殊
medicine-medical
名词后面加-en变为形容词
wood-wooden
wool-woolen
4.形容词(adj.)→副词(adv.)
一般在词尾加-ly可以变为副词
quick-quickly
slow-slowly
loud-loudly
sudden-suddenly等
一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,要把y改为i再加-ly
happy-happily
angry-angrily
lucky-luckily
有些以-able或-le结尾的形容词,去e加-y
possible-possibly
terrible-terribly
少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly
true-truely
但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly
polite-politely
wide-widely
以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时要在词尾加-ly,以--ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y
usual-usually
careful-carefully
useful-usefully
full-fully