多邻国世界语新版tips and notes Family 家庭篇(中英对照)

Ge-
Most words relating to the family are male by default. The suffix -in (female) and the prefix ge- (both genders) can be added to change the meaning. For example:
大多数与家庭相关的词都是默认为男性的。后缀-in(阴性词缀)和前缀ge-可以和这些单词组合来改变单词的意思。例如:


The prefix pra- means long ago, in the distant past :
前缀pra-意为很久之前,远古:

Note also:
留意:
prahistorio = prehistory(史前)
prahomo = ancient man (古代人)

Amik(in)o, Koramik(in)o
Note that amiko and amikino are not equivalent to the English "boyfriend" and "girlfriend".
Amiko和amikino这两个词并不等同于英语里面的boyfriend和girlfriend
To describe a romantic relationship, we use the terms koramiko and koramikino("heart-friend").
若想描述情侣关系,我们使用koramiko和koramikino(直译过来就是谈心好友)

Sia
The possessive pronoun sia means his own, her own, its own or their own. It always refers back to the subject.
物主代词“sia”的意思是他自己,她自己,它自己或者他们自己。通常指代的是主语本身。
Li vidas sian hundon.
He sees his [own] dog.
他看他自己的狗
Li vidas lian hundon.
He sees his [someone else's] dog.
他看他(另一个人)的狗
Ili nun estas en sia hejmo. They are now in their [own] home.
他们现在在他们自己的家
Ili nun estas en ilia hejmo. They are now in their [their friends'] home.
他们现在在他们(他们朋友的)家
Note that sia is not used when the subject of the concerned clause is mi, ni, or vi. In these cases use its standard possessive pronoun:
要注意,当主语是mi、ni、vi的时候,我们并不是用sia来指代主语,在这些情况下,我们使用的是基本物主代词
Vi havas vian hundon.
You have your [own] dog.
你有你的狗

Kiel
Kiel means "as" in the following kinds of sentences. Remember to add the accusative -n when kiel comes between two words that both function as direct objects:
在下面的句子中,Kiel的意思是“as”。当kiel放在两个作为直接宾语的词之间时,这两个词都要加宾格“-n”
Ŝi traktas lin kiel fraton.
She treats him like a brother.
她待他如兄弟
Li amas sian nevinon kiel filinon.
He loves his niece like a daughter.
他爱他的侄女就像爱他女儿一样

Kiom aĝas
How old are you?
Kiom vi aĝas?
(Literally: How much you are-age?)
你几岁了?(直译:你年龄多少了?) 24-jaraj,esperantisto desu
Kiom is used with age, since age is a quantity (of years).
Kiom可以和年龄一起使用,因为年龄也是数量的一种
Note: An alternative way to ask someone's age is Kiom da jaroj vi havas? (Literally "How many years do you have?") .
另一种询问他人年龄的句子是“Kiom da jaroj vi havas?”(直译过来就是你有多少年了?)
原文:www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Family/tips-and-notes
翻译:vanilo