外刊逐句精读｜《卫报》：图书馆要凉了吗？｜CATTI一级译员外刊精读｜MT...
红色：主句主干部分 蓝色：从句主干部分 黄色：从句连词、关系代词 （）：修饰成分，包括定语、状语等 灰色：插入语、例句 下划线：词汇词组 绿色：长难句分析 高亮：连词
思考题：
图书馆有哪些作用和好处？
积累到哪些图书馆相关词汇？
标题与导语
The Guardian view on libraries: bring back borrowers
《卫报》关于图书馆的社论：把借书人带回来吧
- borrow v. 借 -borrower n. 借方
- lend v. 出借 -lender n. 贷方
Loans fell dramatically (during the pandemic), while website visits rose. If the service is to survive further cuts, it needs users
疫情期间，借书量急剧下降，而网站访问量却增加了。 如果图书馆要在进一步削减中生存下来，它需要用户
- loan n. 贷款；借出
a car loan 购车贷款
The book I wanted was out on loan.
我要的书借出去了。
- dramatically adv. 急剧地
- cut n. 削减 ~ in sth.
price/tax/job cuts 减价；减税；裁员
第一段
Libraries are romantic yet prosaic places. The romance is that of reading, and the wealth (of human imagining and learning) that is contained in them.
图书馆是既浪漫又乏味的地方。 浪漫是阅读的浪漫，以及其中蕴含的人类想象和学习的财富。
核心结构为the romance is A and B
⦁ that of reading指的是that (romance) of reading
⦁ that引导的定语从句修饰human imagining and learning
- prosaic adj. 乏味的、平淡无奇的
the prosaic side of life 生活平淡的一面
- the wealth of sth. 大量的、充裕的
Access (to the knowledge and literary art) (poetry, fiction, drama) (in a library) is precious, priceless – and particularly valuable (to young minds and people (of any age) (with an interest (in education)).
在图书馆中获取知识和文学艺术（诗歌、小说、戏剧）是宝贵的、无价的——对于年轻人和对教育感兴趣的任何年龄的人来说尤其有价值。
- literary adj. 文学的
literary art 文学艺术
- poetry n. 诗歌
- fiction n. 小说
- drama n. 戏剧
“The library was the place I went to find out what there was to know. It was absolutely essential,” said the novelist Zadie Smith (of her own early life).
“图书馆是我去了解有什么需要知道的地方，这绝对是必不可少的，” 小说家扎迪·史密斯谈到她自己的早年生活时说道。
The library was the place...后面是一个省略了where或that的定语从句，一般情况下where做关系副词时是不可以省略的，但如果先行词是the place，后面的引导词既可以是where也可以是that，that可以省略。what there was to know是一个名词性结构，充当find out的宾语，其中be to do结构表示“将要做某事、必须做某事”。
- essential adj. 必不可少的
- novelist n. 小说家
poet n. 诗人
dramatist n. 剧作家/编剧
段落大意：
图书馆浪漫的原因：能够进行阅读、想象、学习，能够获取知识、接触文艺、接受教育。
The prosaic side of libraries is more physical.
图书馆平淡无奇的一面是和物质相关的。
- physical adj. 现实的、物质的
This is the world of buildings, shelving, books as objects, library cards, fines, computers – and people (with bodies that take up space) as well as minds that can be opened.
这是一个由建筑物、书架、实体书、借书证、罚款、电脑——以及拥有占据空间的身体和可以打开的思想的人的世界。
- shelving n. 架子、搁板
- library card n. 借阅证
- fine n. 罚金
It would be hard to find anyone who actively disapproves of libraries, and the principles of self-improvement and pleasure that they stand for.
很难找到有人积极反对图书馆，以及他们所代表的自我完善和快乐的原则。
- disapprove of sth. 不赞成某事
approve of sth./sb. 赞同某事/某人
- self-improvement 自我提升
But when it comes to practicalities, Britain’s libraries are on less solid ground.
但从实际情况来看，英国图书馆并没有那么十足的把握。
- practicalities n. 实际情况
- solid ground 坚实的土地；十足把握
To make sure that he was on solid ground, he confirmed his findings with others.
为了确保有十分的把握，他把自己的研究结果向其他人作了核实。
The sector has been cut massively (in the past decade), (with around 800 libraries (across England, Scotland and Wales disappearing).
在过去的十年里，图书馆被大规模削减，英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士大约有 800 家图书馆消失了。
with + n. + doing做伴随状语
- sector n. 行业，部门，领域
- massively adv. 极大地
段落大意：
从物质上来说，图书馆平淡乏味。尽管很多人嘴上说着支持图书馆，实际上图书馆还是不受欢迎，过去十年数量大幅减少。
第三段
The first Covid lockdown prompted a new surge of interest (in reading), as the idea took hold that people (forced to stay at home) would spend more time with their noses (in books) – both finding out more about viral pandemics and escaping from them.
第一次疫情封城导致了新一轮阅读兴趣的激增，因为人们认为被迫呆在家里的人会花更多时间在书本上——一方面进一步了解这场由病毒引发的大流行病，另一方面是为了逃离疫情的现实。
as引导的状语从句补充说明主句, that引导的同位语从句修饰idea，动词take hold前置避免头重脚轻。
- lockdown n. 封锁，封城
- prompt v. 促使
- surge n. 激增
- take hold 紧紧抓住，开始起作用、取得控制
The fever was beginning to take hold.
发烧开始厉害起来。
- viral adj. 病毒引起的；广为传播的
virus n. 病毒
But the latest data (regarding libraries) is sobering reading (for anyone) who values them as bricks-and-mortar places to go, and as places to sit, use the internet, or seek advice from a librarian – as well as databases.
但是，对于那些将图书馆视为去逛和坐下来的实体场所、使用互联网或向图书馆员寻求建议的地方以及数据库的人来说，有关图书馆的最新数据是令人警醒的。
- sobering adj. 令人警醒的
a sobering effect/experience/thought 令人警醒的效果、经历、思想等
- bricks-and-morta adj. 实体的 = brick-and-mortar
brick-and-mortar store n. 实体店
- database n. 数据库
The number of books (borrowed in the year ending) (in March 2021) was 72.9m, down 56% (on the previous year).
截至 2021 年 3 月的年度图书借阅量为 7290 万册，同比下降 56%。
Physical visits also collapsed, (from 214.6m to 59.7m), (with a glint of silver lining (in the fact) that website visits grew (by 18% to 154.7m).
图书馆实际到访量也从 2.146 亿暴跌到 5970 万，但黑暗中还有一束微光闪现：网站访问量增长了 18% 至 1.547 亿。
- collapse v. 突然暴跌
- a glint of sth. .....的微光、闪现
a glint of anger 愤怒的目光
- silver lining 黑暗中一线光明
every cloud has a silver lining 朵朵乌云衬银边
段落大意：
尽管疫情初期阅读兴趣出现激增，但总体数据并不理想，图书馆的借阅量和到访人数都大幅下跌。
Of course, this is the behaviour that one would expect (during a pandemic).
当然，这些行为都是人们在疫情期间可预见的。
Many libraries were closed (during this period), while people were discouraged from unnecessary mixing.
疫情期间，许多图书馆都关闭了，同时人们也被劝阻不要进行不必要的社交。
- discourage v. 阻止、劝阻
discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
- mix v. 交往、相处 = socialize
Book sales climbed to their highest (in a decade) (in 2021), (with fiction especially buoyant), which suggests that some former users of libraries may have bought books instead.
图书销量在 2021年攀升至十年来的最高水平，其中小说增量尤其明显，这表明图书馆的一些前用户可能转而去购买图书了。
buoyant adj. 上涨的、繁荣的
buoyant sales/prices 上升的销售额/价格
段落大意：
由于疫情，图书馆的使用率降低可以理解：图书馆关门、人们要减少社交、许多读者借书转向买书。
第五段
Private libraries (at home), whether large collections or single, cluttered bookshelves, appear to be flourishing.
家里的私人图书馆，无论是大量藏书还是单一、杂乱的书架，似乎都在蓬勃发展。
- cluttered adj. 杂乱的
a cluttered room/desk 乱七八糟的房间/桌面
- flourish v. 繁荣、兴旺
But the hope must be that visits and loans (at public libraries) will soon return to their former level too.
但人们希望公共图书馆的访问和借阅也能很快恢复到以前的水平。
Like any other service, libraries need users.
与任何其他服务一样，图书馆也需要用户。
And while booksellers might (in one sense) be regarded as rivals, in fact the vast majority of those (involved in the trade), (from publishers to poets), are library lovers – as can be seen from the volumes they have inspired, (from Susan Orlean’s The Library Book to Matt Haig’s The Midnight Library).
虽然书商在某种意义上可能被视为竞争对手，但事实上，从出版商到诗人，绝大多数参与该行业的人都是图书馆爱好者——这一点可以从以图书馆为灵感的书籍中看出来，如苏珊奥尔良的《图书馆之书》和马特黑格的《午夜图书馆》
while引导让步状语从句
- bookseller n. 书商
- rival n. 竞争对手
- volume n. （正式）书
- inspire v. 给（某人）创作灵感
a range of designs inspired by wild flowers
从野花中得到灵感的一些列设计
段落大意：
私人图书馆也在兴起，不过大家还是希望公立图书馆能复兴。尽管书店会抢走部分图书馆的客户，但业内人士大都是喜欢图书馆的。
第六段
This has something to do with the romantic notion of the reader as explorer, with every book (or at least a good number of them) a door to a new store of feeling or understanding.
这与读者作为探索者的浪漫想法有关，每本书（或至少其中很多）都是通往新感觉或理解的大门。
- has something to do with 和....有关系
- notion n. 想法
- a store of sth. 大量的
But it also embodies the recognition that if books are to form part of our mutual life, there must be space (in the public realm) (for them).
但它也体现了这样一种认识，即如果书籍要成为我们共同生活的一部分，那么公共领域就必须为它们提供空间。
that引导的同位语从句说明recognition的内容，同位语从句中包含了一个if引导的条件状语从句。
- embody v. 体现、代表
- recognition n. 认可、承认
- mutual adj. 共有的、共同的
- realm n.领域、国度
Books can be treasured possessions, but there is also something special about a copy that arrives in your hands having passed through those of others – and that will go on being passed (between strangers) who share your curiosity.
书籍可以是珍贵的财产，但对于那些借来的书来说也有一些特别之处，到达你手中的书是从别人手上传递过来的——并且会继续在与你有共同好奇心的陌生人之间传递。
that引导两个并列的定语从句that arrives in your hand和hatwill go on being passed between strangers.....来修饰a copy
段落大意：
人们对图书馆念念不忘的原因：在书中探索世界的浪漫想法、书应该拥有专属的公共空间、分享传递好奇心。
文章结构
思考题
1. 图书馆有哪些作用和好处？
• The romance is that of reading, and the wealth of human imagining and learning that is contained in them.
• Access to the knowledge and literary art (poetry, fiction, drama) in a library is precious, priceless – and particularly valuable to young minds and people of any age with an interest in education.
• bricks-and-mortar places to go, and as places to sit, use the internet, or seek advice from a librarian – as well as databases.
• reader as explorer, with every book (or at least a good number of them) a door to a new store of feeling or understanding.
• there is also something special about a copy that arrives in your hands having passed through those of others – and that will go on being passed between strangers who share your curiosity.
2. 积累到哪些图书馆相关表达？
图书馆里有什么：
buildings, shelving, books, library cards, fines, computers, databases, librarians, borrowers
书籍：
literary art (poetry, fiction, drama), large collections, single, cluttered book shelves
各种数量：
loans, the number of books borrowed, physical visits, website visits, book sales
