英语2段落翻译
1. 中秋节为每年的农历（lunar calendar）八月十五日，是中国仅次于春节的第二大传统节日。这一天是家人团聚的日子，月亮是中秋节庆祝的主题。全家人聚在一起品尝美味的月饼，观赏象征丰裕 (abundance)、和谐和幸运的圆月。中秋节也被认为是一个丰收的节日，因为秋季是收获的季节，各种水果、蔬菜和粮食作物都在此时成熟。许多动人的传说也与中秋节有关，如“嫦娥奔月”
Celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th mouth of the lunar calendar, Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional festival in China, next only to Spring Festival. It is a day of family reunion. The moon is the theme of celebrations. Family members get together to taste delicious moon cakes and enjoy the full moon ---- a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck. Mid-Autumn Festival is also considered as a harvest festival, because autumn is a season of harvest when various fruits, vegetables and crops are ripe. Many touching legends are also associated with Mid-Autumn Festival, such as “Chang’s flight to the moon”.
2. 乒乓球（table tennis）是中国的国球，是一种世界流行的体育项目。20世纪60年代以来，中国选手赢得了世界乒乓球比赛的大部分冠军，因此中国在该项运动中占统治性的 (dominant) 地位。乒乓球的起源有许多不同的说法 (versions)，最流行、最广泛认可的一种说法就是乒乓球在1900年起源于英国。在英语中，它也被称为“Ping Pong”，因为在打击时会发出“Ping Pong”的声音，在1988年的奥运会上，它被列为正式的比赛项目。
Table tennis, the national ball game of China, is a sport event popular around the world. Since the 1960s, Chinese players have won a great majority of champions in the world table tennis competitions. Thus China plays a dominant role in the event. There are various versions concerning the origin of table tennis, among which the most popular and widest accepted is that it originated in Britain in 1900. Table tennis is also called as “Ping Pong” in English because of the sound of “Ping Pong” in hitting the ball. In the 1988 Olympics, table tennis became a formal Olympic event.
3. 故宫（the Forbidden City）雄伟、壮丽，是中国古建筑艺术的颠峰之作。其规模和独具特色的风格享誉 (enjoy fame) 世界。故宫内保存着大量珍贵、稀有的古物 (antique)，它们对研究明、清两代历史和艺术具有十分重要的意义。1925年故宫改名为故宫博物院 (Palace Museum)，并为世界上最大的博物馆之一。新中国成立后，人民政府投入了大量的资金对故宫进行保护和维修。它现在是北京最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。
The Forbidden City, grand and magnificent, represents the highest peak of ancient Chinese architecture and enjoys worldwide fame for its scale and unique style. Preserved here are a large number of rare and precious antiques, which are of great significance to the study of Ming and Qing history and the arts of past dynasties. In 1925, the Forbidden City was renamed Palace Museum and became one of the largest museums in the world. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the national government has spent large sums on the protection and maintenance of the Forbidden City. At present, it is one of the most popular tourism sites in Beijing.
4. 中国书法 (Chinese calligraphy) 是一门古老的汉字书写艺术。它是中国最高的艺术形式。书法是在洁白的纸上，靠毛笔 (brush) 的运动留下水墨印迹。它不仅表现了线条和结构的美，也能传达书写者的观念、思维和精神。汉字与中国书法紧密相连，是中国书法中的重要因素。中国书法已经成为一个民族符号，代表了博大精深的中国文化和汉族文化的永恒 (eternal) 魅力。
Chinese calligraphy, an ancient art of writing Chinese characters, is one of the highest forms of art in China. Calligraphy refers to the black mark of ink on white paper made by the movement of brush. It not only shows the beauty of line and structure, but conveys concepts, thoughts and sprits of its writer. As one essential element in calligraphy, Chinese character is closely related to the art/ Chinese calligraphy. It has become a symbol of our nation, which represents the broad and profound Chinese culture and the eternal charm of the Han nationality culture.
5. 无论中国人走到哪里，都不会改掉喝茶的习惯。茶最先由中国人发现，它是中国人生活中不可或缺的 (indispensable) 组成部分。有一句中国谚语将基本的日常必需品（basic daily necessities）称为柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋、茶。一千多年以来，饮茶的习俗已经在中国人心中根深蒂固（ingrained）。唐朝时，一个名叫陆羽的人写了世界上第一部关于茶的著作——《茶经》（Book of Tea），这部书有助于在中国推广 (popularize) 饮茶艺术。
Whenever the Chinese go, the custom of drinking tea follows. Tea was first discovered by the Chinese and it is an indispensable part of the life of the Chinese. A Chinese saying identifies the basic daily necessities as fuel, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, and tea. The custom of drinking tea has been ingrained in the Chinese for over a thousand years. In Tang Dynasty, a man named Lu Yu created the first compendium (摘要，纲要) in the world on tea, Book of Tea. This work helped to popularize the art of tea drinking all across China.
6. 中国面临的最严重的挑战之一就是人口老龄化（aging population）.专家称在未来四十年内，中国老龄人口将接近5亿，占据 (account for ) 人口总数的三分之一。这无疑给中国经济增长带了巨大的压力，但这也意味着更多的商机。人口老龄化将为养老院（nursing home）行业的发展带来良好的前景。据粗略统计，5亿老年人每月至少能为养老院行业带来5000亿元的经济效益。
Aging population is one of the most severe challenges in China. According to the experts, within four decades, China will have nearly 500 million elderly people, which accounts for one third of the total population. Such a situation will undoubtedly put huge pressure on the economic growth of China, but it also means more business opportunities. The fast-growing numbers of elderly people will bring a very good prospect for the industry of nursing homes. Based on rough statistics, half a billion elderly people can at least bring the industry an economic benefit of 500 billion every month.
7. 网上购物（online shopping）是中国近几年日益流行的新型购物方式。人们在购物网站搜索自己想要的物品，在网上发出电子定单并付款，卖家则通过快递公司送货 (commodity) 上门。网上购物的主要人群最初是大学生和白领，现在大多数的网民（netizen）都有过网购的经历。过去十年来，购物网站的数量也有了大幅增加，所售商品也日益丰富。有人认为方便和低价是网上购物迅速发展的重要原因。
Online shopping is a new shopping mode increasingly popular in China in recent years. People search for goods they want in shopping websites, then make electronic orders and pay online. The sellers deliver commodities to customers’ homes via express company. The major groups who shopped on line were primarily university students and white collars. At present, the great majority of netizens have the experience of shopping online. In the last decade, the number of shopping websites has increased tremendously and the commodities sold online become more colorful by the day. Some people hold that convenience and low price are important reasons for the rapid development of online shopping.
8. 中国人的境外奢侈品消费 (overseas luxury consumption of Chinese) 指的是越来越多富裕的中国人到境外购买奢侈品的现象。随着财富的增加，中国消费者会追求更多的高端 (high-end) 商品。世界上1/4的奢侈品是中国人消费的，中国是全球第二大奢侈品消费国。但是中国奢侈品消费中有6成是在国外实现的，奢侈品消费是出境游 (outbound tourism) 的一个重要组成部分。造成这一现象的原因是境外的奢侈品价格较低、品质较高和产品丰富。
Overseas luxury consumption of Chinese refers to the phenomenon that an increasing number of rich Chinese purchase luxuries abroad. With growing wealth, Chinese consumers are pursuing more high-end products. Chinese consume a quarter of luxuries of the world, making China the second largest luxury consumption country worldwide. But 60 of Chinese luxuries are bought from foreign countries. Luxury consumption is one important part of outbound tourism. Factors contributing to the phenomenon are lower price, higher quality and more varieties of overseas luxuries.
