高考英语高频单词精讲【2】（每篇含40个单词）
V2
1. achievement [əˈtʃiːvmənt]
n.
1)[C] 成就；成绩；功绩
the greatest scientific achievement of the decade
这十年最伟大的科学成就
It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.
如此年轻的选手有这样的成绩真是了不起。
They were proud of their children's achievements.
他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。
2)[U] 达到；完成
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement (= a feeling of pride) .
即便是小小的成功也给人一种成就感。
2. acid [ˈæsɪd]
n.酸
adj.酸的；酸味的
syn: sour
acid fruit 酸水果
3. acknowledge [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ] [əkˈnɑːlɪdʒ]
v.
1)承认（属实）
She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.
她拒不承认改革的必要性。
2)承认（权威、地位）
~ sb/sth (as sth)
He is widely acknowledged as the best player in the world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
4. acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns]
n.
1)认识的人；泛泛之交；熟人
Claire has a wide circle of friends and acquaintances .
克莱尔交游很广。
He's just a business acquaintance.
他只是业务上认识的人。
2)（对某事物的）了解
~ with sth
I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.
我对现代诗所知甚少。
5. acquire [əˈkwaɪə(r)]
v.
1)（通过努力、能力、行为表现）获得，得到
She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
她英语已经学得很好。
He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty.
他得到了奸诈的名声。
2)购得；获得；得到
The company has just acquired new premises.
公司刚购得新办公楼。
I've suddenly acquired a stepbrother.
我突然有了一个继兄弟。
6. acquisition [ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn]
n.
1)（知识、技能等的）获得，得到
theories of child language acquisition
幼儿语言习得的理论
2)（多指贵重的）购得物
His latest acquisition is a racehorse.
他最近购得一匹赛马。
7. acre [ˈeɪkə(r)]
n.英亩
3 000 acres of parkland
3 000英亩开阔绿地
a three-acre wood
一片三英亩的林地
8. across [əˈkrɒs] [əˈkrɔːs]
adv.
1)从一边到另一边；横过；宽
It's too wide. We can't swim across.
这太宽了，我们游不过去。
The yard measures about 50 feet across.
庭院宽约50英尺。
2)从......的一边向......
When my name was called, he looked across at me.
当叫到我名字的时候，他从那边朝我看过来。
3)在对面；在对过
across from
There's a school just across from our house.
有一所学校就在我们房子对面。
prep.
1)从......一边到另一边；横过
He walked across the field.
他走过田地。
I drew a line across the page.
我在这一页上画了一条横线。
A grin spread across her face.
她粲然一笑。
Where's the nearest bridge across the river?
过河最近的桥在哪儿？
2)在......对面；在......对过
There's a bank right across the street.
街对面就有一家银行。
3)在（身体某部位）上
He hit him across the face.
他打了他的脸。
It's too tight across the back.
背部太紧。
4)在......各处；遍及
syn: throughout
Her family is scattered across the country.
她家中的人散居全国各地。
This view is common across all sections of the community.
该社群所有阶层的人普遍持有这种看法。
9. act [ækt]
n.
1)行为；行动；所为
an act of kindness
善行
a criminal act
犯罪行为
2)（议会通过的）法案，法令
the Higher Education Act 2002
2002年颁布的高等教育法
3)假装
Don't take her seriously─it's all an act.
别跟她认真——这全是假戏一场。
v.
1)做事；行动
It is vital that we act to stop the destruction of the rainforests.
至关紧要的是，我们应当采取行动制止破坏雨林。
He claims he acted in self-defence.
他声称自己是出于自卫。
2)行为；举止
John's been acting very strangely lately.
近来约翰的行为怪得很。
3)假装
I decided to act dumb.
我决定装哑。
4)扮演（戏剧、电影中的角色）
The play was well acted.
这出戏演得不错。
5)充当；起作用
~ as/like sth
Can you act as interpreter?
你能担任口译吗？
6)（对......）有作用，有影响
~ (on sth)
Alcohol acts quickly on the brain.
酒精对大脑迅速产生影响。
10. action [ˈækʃn]
n.
1)行动；行为过程
Firefighters took action immediately to stop the blaze spreading.
消防队员立即采取了行动制止大火蔓延。
She began to explain her plan of action to the group.
她开始向小组讲解她的行动计划。
2)所做之事；行为
Her quick action saved the child's life.
她行动迅速，救了小孩的命。
Each of us must take responsibility for our own actions.
我们每个人都必须对自己的行为负责。
11. active [ˈæktɪv]
adj.
1)（尤指体力上）忙碌的，活跃的
opp: inactive
Although he's nearly 80, he is still very active.
尽管快80岁了，他还是十分活跃。
2)积极的
She takes an active part in school life.
她积极参加学校活动。
3)活跃的；（思想上）充满活力的
That child has a very active imagination.
那个小孩想象力十分丰富。
12. activity [ækˈtɪvəti]
n.
1)活动；热闹状况；活跃
economic activity
经济活动
The streets were noisy and full of activity.
街上熙熙攘攘，车水马龙。
2)（为兴趣、娱乐或达到一定目的而进行的）活动
leisure/outdoor/classroom activities
休闲 / 户外 / 课堂活动
13. actor [ˈæktə(r)] n.男演员
14. actress [ˈæktrəs] n.女演员
15. actual [ˈæktʃuəl]
adj.
1)真实的；实际的
What were his actual words?
他的原话是什么？
The actual cost was higher than we expected.
实际成本比我们预计的要高。
2)（强调事情最重要的部分）真正的，......本身
The wedding preparations take weeks but the actual ceremony takes less than an hour.
准备婚礼要几周，而婚礼仪式本身还不到一小时。
16. acute [əˈkjuːt]
adj.
1)十分严重的
There is an acute shortage of water.
水严重短缺。
acute pain
剧痛
2)（疾病）急性的
acute appendicitis
急性阑尾炎
3)( 感官) 灵敏的
syn: keen
Dogs have an acute sense of smell.
狗的嗅觉灵敏。
4)敏锐的；有洞察力的
He is an acute observer of the social scene.
他是个敏锐的社会现状观察者。
Her judgement is acute.
她的判断敏锐。
17. AD abbr.公元 （源自拉丁语Anno Domini）
18. ad [æd] n.广告
= advertisement [ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt] [ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt]
~ (for sth)
Put an advertisement in the local paper to sell your car.
在当地报纸登一则广告来出售你的汽车。
19. adapt [əˈdæpt]
v.
1)使适应，使适合（新用途、新情况）
~ sth (for sth)
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
2)适应（新情况）
syn: adjust
~ (yourself) (to sth)
We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.
他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。
3)改编；改写
~ sth (for sth) (from sth)
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
20. adaptation [ˌædæpˈteɪʃn] n.改编本；改写本；适应
21. add [æd]
v.
1)增加；加添
~ sth (to sth)
A new wing was added to the building.
这栋大楼新添了一座配楼。
Shall I add your name to the list?
我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？
2)加
~ A to B | ~ A and B (together)
Add 9 to the total.
总数再加上9。
If you add all these amounts together you get a huge figure.
你把这些数量加在一起就会得到一个巨额数字。
3)补充说；继续说
~ sth (to sth)
I have nothing to add to my earlier statement.
我对我早先说的话没有什么补充的。
He added that they would return a week later.
他接着说，他们一周以后会回来。
4)添加（特色）
~ sth (to sth)
The suite will add a touch of class to your bedroom.
这套家具会给你的卧室增添一些典雅气质。
22. addicted [əˈdɪktɪd]
adj.
~ (to sth)
1) 上瘾；成瘾；有瘾
become addicted to drugs/gambling
吸毒成瘾；嗜赌
2)入迷
He's addicted to computer games.
他迷上了电脑游戏。
23. addition [əˈdɪʃn]
n.
1) 加；加法
children learning addition and subtraction
学习加减的儿童
2)增加物；添加物
~ (to sth)
an addition to the family (= another child)
这家新添的一口人（又生了一个孩子）
3)增加；添加
~ (of sth)
Pasta's basic ingredients are flour and water, sometimes with the addition of eggs or oil.
意大利面制品的主要成分是面粉和水，有时加鸡蛋和食用油。
in addition (to sb/sth) 除......以外（还）
24. address [əˈdres]
n.
1)住址；地址；通信处
I'll give you my address and phone number.
我会告诉你我的地址和电话号码。
Please note my change of address .
请注意我的地址变了。
2)（互联网等的）地址
The project has a new website address .
这个项目有个新的网址。
3)演说；演讲
v.
1)写（收信人）姓名地址；致函
~ sth (to sb/sth)
The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered to the wrong house.
信上的姓名地址写得都对，但被错投到另一家去了。
Address your application to the Personnel Manager.
把你的申请信寄给人事经理。
2)演说；演讲
address a meeting
在会议上发表演讲
25. adequate [ˈædɪkwət]
adj.足够的；合格的；合乎需要的
~ (for sth) | ~ (to do sth)
The space available is not adequate for our needs.
现有的空间不能满足我们的需要。
He didn't give an adequate answer to the question.
他没有对这个问题作出满意的答复。
opp: inadequate
26. adjust [əˈdʒʌst]
v.
1)调整；调节
~ sth (to sth)
Adjust your language to the age of your audience.
要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。
2)适应；习惯
syn: adapt
~ (to sth/to doing sth) | ~ (yourself to sth)
It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。
After a while his eyes adjusted to the dark.
过了一会儿他的眼睛习惯了黑暗。
3)整理
He smoothed his hair and adjusted his tie.
他捋平头发，整了整领带。
27. adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt]
n.
1)调整；调节
I've made a few adjustments to the design.
我已对设计作了几处调整。
2)（行为、思想的）调整，适应
She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.
婚姻破裂后，她熬过了一段感情调整期。
28. administration [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn]
n.
1)（企业、学校等的）管理，行政
Administration costs are passed on to the customer.
行政费用转嫁给了消费者。
I work in the Sales Administration department.
我在销售管理部门工作。
2)（企业、学校等的）管理部门，行政部门
university administrations
大学行政部门
3)（尤指美国）政府
the Bush administration
布什政府
Successive administrations have failed to solve the country's economic problems.
一届又一届政府均未能解决这个国家的经济问题。
29. admirable [ˈædmərəbl]
adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的
Her dedication to her work was admirable.
她对工作的奉献精神可钦可佩。
30. admire [ədˈmaɪə(r)]
v.
1)钦佩；赞赏；仰慕
~ sb/sth (for sth) | ~ sb (for doing sth)
I really admire your enthusiasm.
我确实钦佩你的热情。
The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.
这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。
You have to admire the way he handled the situation.
你不得不佩服他处理这个局面的手段。
I don't agree with her, but I admire her for sticking to her principles.
我不同意她的意见，但是我赞赏她恪守原则。
2)欣赏
He stood back to admire his handiwork.
他退后几步欣赏他的手工制品。
31. admission [ədˈmɪʃn]
n.
1)（机构、组织等的）准许加入，加入权，进入权
~ (to sth)
Last admissions to the park are at 4 p.m.
公园最晚的入园时间是下午4点。
They tried to get into the club but were refused admission.
他们试图进入俱乐部，但遭到拒绝。
She failed to gain admission to the university of her choice.
她未获自己选择的大学录取。
2)（尤指对过错、罪行的）承认，招认，招供
~ (of sth) | ~ (that …)
an admission of guilt/failure/defeat
承认有罪 / 失败 / 被击败
The minister's resignation was an admission that she had lied.
这位部长辞职等于承认她自己撒过谎。
He is a thief by his own admission (= he has admitted it) .
他自己供认是小偷。
3)入场费；门票费
admission charges/prices
入场费 / 票价
What's the admission?
门票多少钱？
32. admit [ədˈmɪt]
v.
1)（常指勉强）承认
~ (to sth/to doing sth) | ~ (to sb) (that…)
She admits to being strict with her children.
她承认对自己的孩子很严厉。
Don't be afraid to admit to your mistakes.
不要怕认错。
He admitted all his mistakes.
他承认了全部错误。
I couldn't admit to my parents that I was finding the course difficult.
我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。
2)承认（过错、罪行）；招认；招供
~ (to sth/to doing sth)
She admitted to having stolen the car.
她供认偷了那辆轿车。
He refused to admit to the other charges.
他拒不承认其他指控。
3)准许......进入（某处）
~ sb/sth (to/into sth)
Each ticket admits one adult.
每张票只准许一位成人入场。
The narrow windows admit little light into the room.
窗户狭窄，只有少量光线可以照进房间。
4)准许......加入（俱乐部、组织）；接收（入学）
~ sb (to/into sth)
The society admits all US citizens over 21.
凡21岁以上的美国公民均可加入该社团。
Women were only admitted into the club last year.
这家俱乐部去年才接纳女会员。
33. adolescence [ˌædəˈlesns] n.青春期；青春
34. adolescent [ˌædəˈlesnt]
n.青少年
adj.青少年的；青春期的；未成熟的
35. adopt [əˈdɒpt] [əˈdɑːpt]
v.
1)收养；领养
adopt a child
领养孩子
She was forced to have her baby adopted.
她被迫把婴儿给人收养。
2)采用（某方法）；采取（某态度）
All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.
三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。
3)正式通过，表决采纳（建议、政策等）
adopt a resolution
通过一项决议
4)选用（名字等）；移居（某国）；承袭（风俗）
adopt a name/title/language
取名；袭用头衔；采用某语言
36. adore [əˈdɔː(r)]
v.
1)热爱，爱慕（某人）
It's obvious that she adores him.
她显然深深地爱着他。
2)喜爱，热爱（某事物）
I simply adore his music!
我简直太喜爱他的音乐了！
She adores working with children.
她热爱为儿童工作。
37. adult [ˈædʌlt] [əˈdʌlt]
n.
1)（法律上指能为自己的行为负责的）成年人
syn: grown-up
Children must be accompanied by an adult.
儿童必须要有大人陪同。
2)成年动物
The fish return to the river as adults in order to breed.
这种鱼长成以后回到河中产卵。
adj.
1)成年的；发育成熟的
the adult population
成年人口
adult monkeys
长成的猴子
2)（智力、思想、行为）成熟的，成人的
syn: grown-up
When my parents split up, it was all very adult and open.
我父母离异时，事情处理得很成熟、很开放。
38. advance [ədˈvɑːns] [ədˈvæns]
n.
1)（尤指武装部队的）前进，行进
We feared that an advance on the capital would soon follow.
我们担心接下来会马上向首都推进。
2)进步；进展
~ (in sth)
recent advances in medical science
医学的最新进展
We live in an age of rapid technological advance.
我们生活在技术迅猛发展的时代。
v.
1)（为了进攻、威胁等）前进，行进
~ (on/towards sb/sth)
The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.
暴民愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。
2)（知识、技术等）发展，进步
This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
这项研究大大提高了我们对语言学习的认识。
3) 促进；推动
They worked together to advance the cause of democracy.
他们合力推动民主事业。
4)提出（想法、理论、计划）
syn: put forward
The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.
这篇文章提出了一个解释气候变化的新理论。
5)提前；提早
The date of the trial has been advanced by one week.
审判日期提前了一星期。
adj.预先的；事先的
Please give us advance warning of any changes.
如有变动，请事先通知我们。
We need advance notice of the numbers involved.
我们需要事先得知涉及的数量。
39. advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] [ədˈvæntɪdʒ]
n.
1)有利条件；有利因素；优势
~ (over sb)
Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players.
他个子高，比其他运动员有利。
2)优点
Each of these systems has its advantages and disadvantages.
这些系统各有其优缺点。
3)(in tennis 网球) （局末平分后）占先；优势分
Advantage Roddick.
罗迪克占先。
take advantage of sth/sb 利用；利用（机会）
v.使处于有利地位；有利于；有助于
40. adventure [ədˈventʃə(r)]
n.
1)冒险；冒险经历；奇遇
When you're a child, life is one big adventure.
在孩提时代，生活是一次大不寻常的经历。
adventure stories
历险故事
2)冒险的刺激；大胆开拓
a sense/spirit of adventure
冒险意识 / 精神
