欧亚在线开户——SKSKFC
MySQL函数CONCAT、CONCAT_WS、GROUP_CONCAT
1.concat()函数
CONCAT 函数用于将两个字符串连接为一个字符串,试一下下面这个例子:
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SELECT
CONCAT(
'FIRST '
,
'SECOND'
);
+
----------------------------+
| CONCAT(
'FIRST '
,
'SECOND'
) |
+
----------------------------+
|
FIRST
SECOND
|
+
----------------------------+
要对 CONCAT 函数有更为深入的了解,请考虑 employee_tbl 表,表中记录如下所示:
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SELECT
*
FROM
employee_tbl;
+
------+------+------------+--------------------+
| id |
name
| work_date | daily_typing_pages |
+
------+------+------------+--------------------+
| 1 | John | 2022-08-24 | 250 |
| 2 | Ramr | 2022-08-27 | 220 |
| 3 | Jack | 2022-08-06 | 170 |
| 3 | Jack | 2022-08-06 | 100 |
| 4 | Jill | 2022-08-06 | 220 |
| 5 | Zara | 2022-08-06 | 300 |
| 5 | Zara | 2022-08-06 | 350 |
+
------+------+------------+--------------------+
现在,假设你想要将上表中所有的姓名(name)、id和工作日(work_date)连接在一起,那么可以通过如下的命令来达到目的:
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SELECT
CONCAT(id,
name
, work_date)
FROM
employee_tbl;
+
-----------------------------+
| CONCAT(id,
name
, work_date) |
+
-----------------------------+
| 1John2022-08-24 |
| 2Ramr2022-08-27 |
| 3Jack2022-08-06 |
| 3Jack2022-08-06 |
| 4Jill2022-08-06 |
| 5Zara2022-08-06 |
| 5Zara2022-08-06 |
+
-----------------------------+
还可以在字符中间添加符号
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SELECT
CONCAT(id,
","
,
name
,
","
,work_date)
FROM
employee_tbl;
+
-----------------------------+
| CONCAT(id,
name
, work_date) |
+
-----------------------------+
| 1,John,2022-08-24 |
| 2,Ramr,2022-08-27 |
| 3,Jack,2022-08-06 |
| 3,Jack,2022-08-06 |
| 4,Jill,2022-08-06 |
| 5,Zara,2022-08-06 |
| 5,Zara,2022-08-06 |
+
-----------------------------+
SELECT
CONCAT(id,
","
,
name
,
","
,work_date)
FROM
employee_tbl;
+
-----------------------------+
| CONCAT(id,
name
, work_date) |
+
-----------------------------+
| 1,John,2022-08-24 |
| 2,Ramr,2022-08-27 |
| 3,Jack,2022-08-06 |
| 3,Jack,2022-08-06 |
| 4,Jill,2022-08-06 |
| 5,Zara,2022-08-06 |
| 5,Zara,2022-08-06 |
+
-----------------------------+
2.concat_ws()函数
CONCAT_WS() 代表 CONCAT With Separator ,是CONCAT()的 特殊形式。第一个参数是其它参数的分隔符。分隔符的位置放在要连接的两个字符串之间。分隔符可以是 一个字符串,也可以是其它参数。
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SELECT
CONCAT(
","
,id,
name
,work_date)
FROM
employee_tbl;
+
-----------------------------+
| CONCAT(id,
name
, work_date) |
+
-----------------------------+
| 1,John,2022-08-24 |
| 2,Ramr,2022-08-27 |
| 3,Jack,2022-08-06 |
| 3,Jack,2022-08-06 |
| 4,Jill,2022-08-06 |
| 5,Zara,2022-08-06 |
| 5,Zara,2022-08-06 |
+
-----------------------------+
3.group_concat()函数
我们可以使用group_concat()函数将一整列打印到一行中,并且可以指定分隔的符号,默认为
,
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SELECT
GROUP_CONCAT(id)
AS
ids
FROM
employee_tbl
+
------------------+
| GROUP_CONCAT(id) |
+
------------------+
| 1,2,3,3,4,5,5 |
+
------------------+
将分隔符改为;
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select
group_concat(id separator
";"
)
from
employee_tbl;
+
------------------+
| GROUP_CONCAT(id) |
+
------------------+
| 1;2;3;3;4;5;5 |
+
------------------+
补充:Mysql concat_ws、concat函数使用
一、概念 concat
功能介绍: 将多个字符串进行拼接。
语法: concat(字段,字段,字段,…)
concat实践
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select
CONCAT(id,
','
,age,
','
,
name
)
AS
line_info
from
user
如果连接串中存在NULL,则返回结果为NULL(我没遇到过):
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select
CONCAT(id,
','
,age,
','
,
null
)
AS
line_info
from
user
Null解决方案:
加一个 IFNULL()函数。
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select
CONCAT(id,
','
,age,
','
,IFNULL(
name
,
''
))
AS
line_info
from
user
concat_ws
功能介绍: 字符串拼接无需手动添加分隔符(自己理解)。
语法:concat_ws(分隔符,字段,字段,…)
concat_ws实践
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select
CONCAT_WS(
','
,id,age,
name
)
AS
line_info
from
user
二、混合使用函数实战
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select
CONCAT_WS(
','
,concat(
name
),concat(
'年龄'
,age,
'岁'
))
AS
line_info
from
user