【龙腾网】为什么有些吸烟者能长寿

正文翻译

Why do some smokers live long lives?

为什么有些吸烟者能长寿?

评论翻译

George Porter
Really good question and I have no idea.
I began smoking at 11 years of age and I still smoke about 30 rollies a day.
I am 75.
I have seen non-smokers die of lung cancer and non-drinkers die of cirrhosis of the liver.
Smoking did ruin my teeth and I get a bit puffy climbing stairs, but otherwise, I am still here.
Many smokers are also drinkers and I quit drinking nearly 50 years ago.
If you get a solid answer, let me know.
I wrote the above, two years ago. I am 77 in two months and nothing has changed. Still smoking about 20 a day.

问得好，但我不知道。
我11岁时开始吸烟，现在每天仍抽30支左右的自卷烟叶。
我75岁了。
我见过不吸烟的人死于肺癌，不喝酒的人死于肝硬化。
吸烟确实毁了我的牙齿，我爬楼梯时有点喘息，但除此之外，我仍然活着。
许多吸烟者也是酒鬼，我在近50年前就戒掉酒了。
如果你得到可靠的答案，请告诉我。
上面的内容是我在两年前写的。两个月后我就77岁了，什么都没变，仍然每天抽20支烟。

Laura Thomas Boren
Both of my parents smoked. One lived to 87, the other to 83. My dad had finally quit in his mid to late-70s, so he didn’t smoke when he died. But my mom only stopped about 3 months before she died. And only because I had to take them away when she was moved from assisted living into a board and care home that just was entirely non-smoking.
You might wonder why I even bought cigarettes for the woman which I did up until that time.
Well, they were her last pleasure. She really didn’t smoke all that much the last few years of her life, but she did enjoy a cigarette after dinner and at that point, having lost a bunch of friends and family and . . . and . . . (you know the drill if you’ve had elderly parents), I just didn’t think it much mattered by then.
I even chided doctors who’d give her the “you need to quit smoking” routine. I’d challenge them and say, “what in the world does it matter NOW?” In fact I’d even go so far as to say that the stress of trying to quit smoking at that late point in her life would probably do more to shorten the last few weeks and months of it.

我父母都抽烟。一个活到87岁，另一个活到83岁。我父亲在70年代中后期终于戒掉烟了，所以他去世时是不抽烟的。但我妈妈在去世前三个月才停止吸烟。只是因为当她从养老院搬到一个完全禁烟的寄宿和护理之家时，我不得不把它们拿走。
你可能会想，我为什么要给那个女人买烟，直到那个时候。
这是她最后的乐趣。在她生命的最后几年里，她真的没有抽那么多烟，但她确实喜欢在晚餐后抽一支烟，在那一刻，她失去了很多朋友和家人，而且…（如果你有年迈的父母，你就会知道这个过程），我只是觉得那时候已经不重要了。
我甚至斥责那些给她“你需要戒烟”的建议的医生。我会挑战他们，说：“现在这到底有什么关系？”事实上，我甚至可以说，在她生命的最后一刻尝试戒烟的压力可能会让她在最后几周和几个月的时间里的生命变得更短。

People, even doctors, can be really stupid about smoking cigarettes especially for the generation that my parents were in when so many people smoked. It’s like c’mon, it’s terrible, but we’re talking about someone who’s over 80 here.
So I just couldn’t say she had to go through one more stress (she had other health issues that led to her dying at 83 including some dementia and a long run with bipolar illness) until it became just untenable due to the home’s rules. By then her mind wasn’t entirely all there anyway, so the transition off them wasn’t horrible. It would have been so much worse had she been more cognizant.
Neither of my parents ever got cancer (which seems obvious, but I thought I’d state that for the record.)

人们，甚至是医生，在吸烟这件事上可能真的很愚蠢，尤其是对我父母那一代人来说，当时有很多人吸烟。就像，拜托，这很糟糕，但我们说的是80多岁的人。
因此，我不能说她必须再承受一次压力（她还有其他健康问题，导致她在83岁时去世，包括一些痴呆症和长期患有躁郁症），直到由于家庭的规定，这种情况变得无法维持。到那时，她的思想还不完全在那里，所以摆脱它们并不可怕。如果她能意识到这一点，情况就会糟糕得多。
我的父母都没有得过癌症(这似乎是显而易见的，但我想我应该声明一下。)

So I think in both of their cases, it was genetics that was the primary reason they lived relatively long lives.
Second, except for smoking, my mom ate very healthy foods, exercised a lot when she was younger and generally took good care of herself. My dad, too, came from a generation where you had a pretty decent diet and even though both ate meat, they also always ate vegetables and fruit and mostly ate home cooked meals.
Basically, they didn’t eat junk foods or drink a lot.
So their absolute worst habit was their smoking.
Other than those two main factors - genetics and otherwise decent lifestyle habits, I have no idea how they both lived so darn long.
It’s weird, right?
Sadly, I also had a very good friend who was a smoker who died at age 56 from severe COPD. Not saying all smokers die this young, either, but you know, you figure they will die of some smoking related ailment like my friend. Yet neither of my parents had deaths attributed to direct smoking-related causes.
On the other side, I have a family member who died at age 71 of lung cancer - a non-smoker.
So the jury’s out on me - maybe I’ll get lung cancer or COPD having never smoked, too. Oh the irony of it all.

所以我认为在这两种情况下，基因是他们相对长寿的主要原因。
第二，除了吸烟，我妈妈吃了非常健康的食物，年轻时经常锻炼，而且通常照顾好自己。我的父亲也是这样的一代人，我们这代人虽然他们都吃肉，但饮食都很健康，他们也总是吃蔬菜和水果，而且大多吃家常菜。
基本上，他们不吃垃圾食品，也不喝酒。
所以他们最坏的习惯就是抽烟。
除了这两个主要因素-基因和其他体面的生活习惯，我不知道他们是怎么活得这么长的。
这很奇怪，对吧？
不幸的是，我还有一个非常好的朋友，他是个吸烟者，56岁时死于严重的慢性阻塞性肺病。也不是说所有吸烟者都这么年轻就死了，但你知道，你认为他们会像我的朋友一样死于与吸烟有关的疾病。然而，我的父母都没有死于与吸烟直接相关的原因。
另一方面，我有一个不吸烟的家庭成员在71岁时死于肺癌。
所以我还没有定论—也许我也会因为从不吸烟而得肺癌或慢性阻塞性肺病—真是讽刺啊。

Yogesh Mawashm
Largely by abstinence: They don’t over-eat, they refrain from skydiving, and do not engage in high risk ocupations. Also avoiding buses: They don’t stand behind them, breathing diesel exhaust, neither do they step in front of them while in motion. They also don’t get in buses, where they will be exposed to the germ laden general public, or the point of a knife wielded by a member of the said general public. Another form of travel they avoid is guilt trips: They simply take no shit from paid service providers like doctors, whom they refer to as meat mechanics or soft pipe plumbers. Community involvement is promoted to maintain mental and physical health: Smokers have a more balanced outlook and are generally approachable, meaning they attract and maintain more friends . Stress management: Being so focused on trying to find somewhere to smoke without vilification, smokers seldom have time to worry about dying.

主要是节制:他们不暴饮暴食，不跳伞，不从事高风险职业。还要避免乘坐公交车：他们不会站在公交车后面，呼吸柴油废气，也不会在行驶中走在公交车前面。他们也不会上公交车，在那里他们会暴露在携带细菌的普通公众中，或被该公众成员挥舞的刀。他们避免的另一种旅行方式是内疚之旅：他们根本不接受医生等付费服务提供者的任何东西，他们称之为肉类机械师或软管管道工。参与社区活动有助于保持身心健康：吸烟者有一个更平衡的观点，而且一般都是平易近人的，这意味着他们吸引和维护的朋友更多。压力管理:因为太专注于寻找一个不受诽谤的地方吸烟，吸烟者很少有时间担心死亡。

Chris Price
As far as I’m aware, most of the documented cases of those who have recently held the title of oldest person in the world were smokers. In some cases they smoked for around a hundred years.
Smoking kills, but it doesn’t kill everyone. Those with bullet proof genes can apparently survive anything.
The main value of bringing this up is the hilarious value of seeing some poor propaganda victim who has embraced a ridiculous cause forced to stammer and stutter as they somehow attempt to justify their position that smoking kills everyone or is extremely unhealthy for everyone, or whatever the flavour of the month is - combined with the fact they themselves shorten their own lifespans with virtually every decision they make, of course.
Basically it’s about the ridiculous hypocrisy people exhibit, especially zealots. It is just so tremendously funny.
The blowhards telling you that smoking is unhealthy choose to live in cities (lose 4 years of your lifespan compared to living up a mountainside and breathing pure air); watch TV and spend hours lazing on a sofa or in front of a computer (lose 2 years lifespan compared to those who aren’t couch potatoes); eat processed food from a supermarket (lose 3 years compared to someone who grows their own food); work in city jobs that involve sitting around doing nothing all day (lose 4 years compared to someone who works in a job that involves physical work); and they drive to work 2 miles instead of walking or cycling (lose 2 years compared to those who walk or cycle).

据我所知，最近被称为世界上最长寿的人的记录在案的大多数都是吸烟者。在某些情况下，他们吸烟时间大约达到一百年。
吸烟会导致死亡，但它不会杀死所有人。那些拥有防弹基因的人显然可以在任何情况下生存。
提出这一问题的主要价值在于，看到一些糟糕的宣传受害者接受了一个荒谬的理由，被迫口吃和结巴，因为他们试图证明自己的立场，即吸烟会杀死所有人或对所有人都极为不健康，或者，什么口味都行——当然，还有一个事实是，他们自己几乎每做一个决定都在缩短自己的寿命。
基本上讲的是人们表现出的荒谬的伪善，特别是狂热者。这真是太有趣了。
那些说吸烟有害健康的吹牛大王选择住在城市里（与住在山腰呼吸纯净空气相比，你的寿命减少了4年）；看电视，在沙发上或电脑前懒洋洋地呆上几个小时（与那些不爱看电视的人相比，寿命缩短了2年）；吃超市加工食品（与吃自己种植食品的人相比，寿命缩短3年）；城市工作：整天无所事事的工作（与从事体力工作的人相比，寿命缩短4年）；他们开车2英里去上班，而不是步行或骑自行车（与步行或骑单车的人相比，寿命缩短了2年）。

So, when you ask them why they will die at 81 instead of the 94 years they should by rights achieve, since they laze around all day breathing pollution and eating shit then drive home, all they can do is go “But… but… I… um… er…” and go bright red and walk away in a huff.
People are just so hilariously funny with their utter hypocrisy and zealotry that it is very, very difficult not to wind the silly pratts up for a laugh.
All life choices that city dwellers make reduce their lifespan, especially choosing to live in a centre of pollution in the first place. Live and let live, don’t start trying to control other people’s lives or you’ll become the worst possible expression of humanity: a ponced-up berk who should be taken out back and shot to save others having to listen to their cretinous bleating.
Smokers choose a shorter, happier life - just as you did, and just as you do every day - unless you are living up a mountainside and forage for your food. For god’s sake put a sock in it.

所以，当你问他们为什么他们会在81岁时死去，而不是活到他们理应达到的94岁，这是因为他们整天无所事事，呼吸着污染，吃着垃圾食物，然后开车回家，他们所能做的就是“但是……但是……我……嗯……呃……”然后满脸通红，怒气冲冲地走开。
人们的虚伪和狂热实在是太可笑了，以至于很难不让这些傻蛋们笑起来。
城市居民做出的所有生活选择都会缩短他们的寿命，尤其是一开始选择住在污染中心。互相宽容，活着就是与万物共存，不要开始试图控制别人的生活，否则你将成为人性中最糟糕的表现:一个自大的笨蛋，应该被带出去枪毙，以免别人不得不听他们愚蠢的抱怨。
吸烟者会选择一种更短、更快乐的生活——就像你曾经做过的那样，就像你每天做的那样——除非你住在山腰上觅食。看在上帝的份上，闭嘴吧。