【龙腾网】为什么有些吃得很不健康的人仍然长寿

正文翻译

How do some people who eat very unhealthy and still manage to live a long life?

为什么有些吃得很不健康的人仍然长寿?

评论翻译

Tony
I’ve wondered this myself.
Abuela came from a small farming town in Cuba (Mantanzas) to the US in the 70’s
Later in her life she was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. She had a hard time eating most everything she’d eaten her whole life.
Instead she discovered mcdonald’s cheeseburgers somehow didn’t make her feel like garbage. She’d eat one like, every three days.
Otherwise it was cuban coffee and two packs of marlboro lights per day.
She passed about 4 years ago at the age of 92. Some sort of infection she got in the hospital.
She literally lived on cheeseburgers and coffee and cigarettes for over 10 years. 
swear she’d have hit 100 if she just avoided the hospital.

我自己也很好奇。
70年代，祖母从古巴的一个农业小镇（Mantanzas）来到美国
后来，她被诊断患有克罗恩病。她这辈子吃过的所有东西,如今几乎都吃不下。
相反，她发现麦当劳的芝士汉堡并没有让她觉得其像垃圾。她每三天吃一次。
否则就是喝古巴咖啡和每天抽两包万宝路香烟。
她大约4年前因在医院感染了某种疾病去世，享年92岁。
她确实靠奶酪汉堡、咖啡和香烟生活了10多年。
我发誓如果她不去医院的话，她会活到100岁。

Mental Facts · 
I have no idea. My father's mother was the most unhealthy person, I have ever known.
What kept her alive was begone my understanding of what makes a human being live. As long as I knew her, this was her lifestyle. She smoked all day and night long. Ate sugary coffee cakes and coffee with pickles, as far as I knew. Never ate breakfast, lunch or dinner. She lived to be 97 and the only time I was her eat anything was during the summer. I was at my uncle's house and we had a BBQ. She ate almost nothing, but some red wine, bread and cheese with pickles. And cigarettes
I hope that I live that long. I don't smoke and eat very well. Probably won't last past 50

我不知道。我父亲的母亲是我所知道的最不健康的人。
是什么让她活着这一问题也让我渐渐明白了是什么使人活着。从我认识她开始，这就是她的生活方式。她整天整夜地抽烟。就我所知，我吃的是含糖的咖啡蛋糕和咖啡配咸菜。从不吃早餐、午餐或晚餐，她活到了97岁，我唯一一次帮她吃东西是在夏天。我当时在叔叔家，我们吃了一顿烧烤。她几乎什么都没吃，只吃了一些红酒、面包、奶酪和咸菜，还有香烟。
我希望我能活那么长。我不抽烟，吃得也不错。不过也可能不会超过50岁。
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Samarjeet
All of us know someone in our known-circle of people who usually eats unhealthy, still has more strength and fitness than us; despite we follow most of the healthy eating habits.
At first glance, it seems like a contradiction to what we are taught or the common sense of people. However, it is not!
How!!
Let me elaborate on that. The most probable reasoning is as follows:
1. They have very good genetics, immunity or healthier upbringing since childhood. Imagine if they follow all the good habits that we follow, how healthy and long their life will become.
2. Perhaps, we are not aware of their healthy eating routines. They are pretty aware of their unhealthy eating habits and manage it well in moderation.
3. What is healthy and unhealthy is also very subjective. Let’s bring on some clarity to that. One of the best definitions, and perhaps the closest to a formal definition of health came from the World Health Organization nearly 50 years ago: "Health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
4. What is the number of such people!! Logically they are less in number if we survey in case-to-case basis. Other than eating a lot many factors decide lifespan of a person. If we calculate the average age, we can understand and reach at the conclusion:

我们所有人都知道，在我们熟悉的圈子里，尽管我们遵循大多数健康的饮食习惯,有人吃得不健康，但仍然比我们更有力量和健康.
乍一看，这似乎与我们所受的教育或人们的常识相矛盾。然而，事实并非如此！
怎么说？
让我详细说明一下，最可能的推理如下：
1、他们有很好的基因、免疫力，或者从童年起就受到了更健康的教育。想象一下，如果他们遵循我们所遵循的所有好习惯，他们的生活将变得多么健康和长寿。
2、也许，我们不知道他们的健康饮食习惯。他们非常清楚自己不健康的饮食习惯，并适度地加以管理。
3、什么是健康和不健康也是非常主观的。让我们澄清一下，其中一个最好的定义，也许最接近于正式的健康定义，是近50年前世界卫生组织提出的：“健康是身体、心理和社会健康的完整状态，而不仅仅是没有疾病或虚弱。”
4、这样的人有多少！从逻辑上讲，如果我们以个案为基础进行调查，它们的数量会更少。除了吃很多以外，还有很多因素决定着一个人的寿命。如果我们计算平均年龄，我们可以理解并得出结论：

Average life span (People eating healthy > people eating unhealthy)
Some scientific findings:
Rhesus monkeys given a stricter, low calorie diet lived longer. Sherman is the oldest Rhesus monkey ever recorded, nearly 20 years older than the average lifespan for his species in captivity. As younger monkeys were developing diseases and dying, he seemed to be immune to ageing. Even into his 30s he would have been considered an old monkey, but he didn’t look or act like one-NIA and University of Wisconsin.
Calorie restriction may be one of the most promising avenues for improving health and how long it lasts in our lives- Study at NIA and the University of Wisconsin.
The secret to a long and healthy life? Eat less-BBC Future article.
Good luck.

平均寿命（吃得健康的人要大于吃得不健康的人）
一些科学发现：
给予更严格、低热量饮食的猕猴寿命更长。谢尔曼是有记录以来年龄最大的猕猴，比其圈养物种的平均寿命长近20年。由于年轻的猴子正在生病和死亡，他似乎对衰老免疫。即使到了30多岁，他也会被认为是一只老猴子，但他的外表和行为都不像一只老猴子——全国老年研究所和威斯康辛大学。
在全国老年研究所和威斯康星州大学进行的研究表明，限制卡路里摄入可能是改善健康和延长寿命最有希望的途径之一。
长寿健康的秘诀是什么？少吃—英国广播公司《未来》的文章。
祝你好运