2023年上半年四六级汉译英练习:春分
前三期回顾:春季的前三个节气
本期是春季第四个节气:春分
Translation: Translate the following passage into English.
长文版:
春分(Spring Equinox),是二十四节气之一,春季第四个节气。此时太阳黄经达0°,通常于每年公历3月19-22日交节。春分的“分”有两个含义,一是“季节平分”,春分日正处于立春立夏两个节气之间,平分了整个春季;另一是“昼夜平分”,春分这天太阳直射赤道,南北半球昼夜等长,自这天以后太阳直射点(subsolar point)由赤道继续向北半球推移,北半球各地白昼开始长于黑夜,南半球与之相反。春分在气候上也有比较明显的特征,中国除青藏高原、东北地区、西北地区和华北地区北部外,均进入了明媚的春天。春分日,中国民间有放风筝、吃春菜、立蛋等风俗,其中,如果一个人能在春分日把鸡蛋成功立起,这预示着今年一年他将充满好运。
新词汇:
1- 太阳黄经:celestial longitude(四级会提示,六级需要知道这个词)

2- 有关地理词汇的经纬度和海拔高度:
2.1 经度:longitude 2.2 纬度:latitude 2.3 海拔高度:altitude
易混词:
态度:attitude; 感激之心:gratitude; 资质,习性,天赋:aptitude
(小知识看后文)
3- equinox和solstice:equinox和solstice分别表示“分”和“至”节气,因此这里有
3.1 Spring Equinox 春分;Autumn Equinox 秋分
3.2 Summer Solstice 夏至;Winter Solstice 冬至
这两个单词都是来自拉丁语构词,equi- 等分;nox是拉丁语夜晚的意思。
而sol是拉丁语太阳(el sol),(luna是拉丁语月亮 la luna),stice是表示“静态”,
所谓至,就是太阳到此为止,就将返回,地理现象上体现的就是太阳日照最长,从此开始返回,日照越来越短(夏至),直至最短(冬至)再返回变长。
也就是说,太阳公公每年都在这两条最长和最短的线上不停奔跑!至这两个点就要折返跑!
难点:
1- 怎么理解“交节”? 交节就是开始的时间,occur,take place,happen都行
2- 公历的翻译:the solar calendar,是阳历的同义词。宗教色彩上它还叫the Gregorian calendar,记住前者即可。农历:the lunar calendar.
3- 本文再次涉及“要把汉语字解释给外国人”的场景构建,所以仍然需要在括号里做上备注。加之春分的“分”,是在中文节气名字里提及,所以要括号里备注上春分的中文读音。
4- 部分地区中的部分:比如 华北北部地区,要如何翻译这里的“部”?region in region显得不太合适,出现了冗余。比region小一级别的“部”,可以考虑使用part。
上期回顾:
1- 北半球 ____________________
2- 南半球 ____________________
3- 赤道 ____________________
4- 春意盎然 ____________________
5- 仲春 ____________________
6- 一日之计在于晨,一年之计在于春 ____________________________________________
7- 华北地区 ____________________
8- 青藏高原 ____________________
9- 江南大部分地区 _____________________
10- 东南沿海地区 _____________________
11- 雨水(节气) ____________________
12- 毛毛细雨(单词)____________________
参考译文
Spring Equinox is one of the 24 Chinese solar terms also the fourth of the spring solar terms which usually occurs between March 19th and 22nd on the solar calendar. Celestial longitude on Spring Equinox arrives at zero.The Chinese character "Fen" (written as "分") in "Chun Fen" (春分,the Chinese name of Spring Equinox) has two meanings here, one is that it divides equally the season: Spring Equinox is in the right middle between the two solar terms The Beginning of Spring and The Beginning of Summer, dividing the whole spring season into two equal halves. The other is that it divides a day into equal day and night hours. On the day of Spring Equinox, the sun is right direct above the equator making day and night hours right the same in both northern and southern hemisphere. After this day, the subsolar point will keep moving toward the northern hemisphere, day hours becomes longer than night hours in the whole northern hemisphere, while in the southern hemisphere it goes the opposite. Climate chracterstic of Spring Equinox is also distinctivene, its in warm and brigt spring in regions across China except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, northeastern, northwestern and the northern parts of the northern China regions. There are traditions and customs amongst the Chinese folk such as flying kites, eating spring vegetables and standing eggs On Spring Equinox day, for standing eggs, if one can stand upright an egg on Spring Equniox day, it foretells that he/she will have a year full of good luck.
小知识:
等分地球南北半球的是赤道(equator),纬度0(latitude 0°)
0°经线是本初子午线(prime meridian)
等分地球东西半球的是西经20°(20th meridian west),东经160°(160th meridian east)
(更多知识请看后文)
短文版:(回顾练习用,注意带下划线词汇记忆)
春分,是二十四节气中第四个节气。此时太阳黄经达0°,通常于每年公历3月19-22日交节。春分日处于立春立夏两个节气正中间,平分了整个春季;此外,春分这一天将昼夜等分,太阳直射赤道,南北半球昼夜等长,此后太阳直射点由赤道继续向北半球推移,北半球各地白昼开始长于黑夜。春分期间,中国除青藏高原、东北地区、西北地区和华北地区北部外,均已春意盎然。春分日,中国民间有放风筝、吃春菜、立蛋等风俗。
更多知识(看一看就行,四六级同学不用背,不用背,不用背~~)
表达具体的经纬度只要 N(北纬),S(南纬),W(西经)和E(东经)
国际日期变更线是 International Date Line
北回归线是 Tropic of Cancer(cancer这里不是癌症,是巨蟹座)
南回归线是 Tropic of Capricon(capricon是魔羯座)
把地球分成东西半球的经线圈是西经20度,东经160度,可不是0度哦!
