欢迎光临散文网 会员登陆 & 注册

精益生产 / Lean Production

2021-03-27 10:29 作者:哈佛商业评论  | 我要投稿

「释义」

精益生产是一种系统性的生产方法,其目标在于减少生产过程中的无益浪费,为终端消费者创造经济价值。

 简单来说,精益生产的核心是用最少工作,创造价值。精益生产主要来源于丰田生产方式 (TPS)的生产哲学,因此也称为丰田主义。TPS以降低降低浪费、提升整体客户价值而闻名。

 

「应用场景」

当丰田在二战之后的数十年里首次设计它的“丰田生产系统”(Toyota Production System ,简称TPS)时,一个影响是该公司缺乏与美国资本雄厚的大型汽车制造商竞争的资源。它的TPS精益生产系统着实是制造业的一场革命,立足于从附近供应商那里迅速拉出的最小库存。世界各地的许多不同工业部门都已复制了这一系统。

When Toyota first designed its Toyota Production System (TPS) in the decades following World War II, one influence was the company’s lack of resources to compete with well-capitalized large automakers in the United States. Its TPS lean production system was truly a revolution in manufacturing and was predicated on minimal inventory that was pulled quickly from suppliers located nearby. It has been replicated around the world in many different industrial sectors.

 

高效的运输物流已诱使各大企业建立起分布于全球的精益生产系统。像苹果公司的蒂姆·库克这样的行业领袖所宣称的库存“从根本上来讲是有害的”反映了这样一种主流的观点,即供应链上的库存不仅有过时的危险,它还意味着本可以用于更好目的的现金被套牢。因此,随着企业从“丰田城”模式(供应商集中于紧密地理区域)转向跨越全球的供应链(由可靠和可预测的物流环节连接起来),他们都随时随地尽可能不断挤出他们供应链上的库存。

Efficient transport logistics have lulled major companies into building globally distributed, lean production systems. Pronouncements by industry leaders like Apple’s Tim Cook that inventory is “fundamentally evil” reflect the prevailing view that inventory along the supply chain not only risks obsolescence, it represents cash that is tied up that could be used for better purposes. So as companies have moved from a “Toyota City” model with suppliers clustered in a tight geographical area to supply chains that span the globe connected by dependable and predictable logistics links, firms have continued to squeeze inventory out of their supply chains whenever and wherever possible.

 

《制造业回归美国知易行难》

史兆威

2020年5月刊

“Bringing Manufacturing Back to the U.S. Is Easier Said Than Done”

by Willy C. Shih

编辑:马冰仑 


精益生产 / Lean Production的评论 (共 条)

分享到微博请遵守国家法律