【龙腾网】有多少印度制药公司向美国出口药品?

正文翻译

How many Indian drug companies are exporting to the USA?

有多少印度制药公司向美国出口药品?

评论翻译

Christopher VanLang
Why is the Indian pharmaceutical company Ranbaxy still allowed to do business in the United States?
I'm actually of the opinion that this whole disaster is very good for the future of the Indian Pharmaceutical industry.
From the sounds of what happen, the scandal is a product of what happens when a dirty company tries to go legitimate not unlike when a mobster tries to get clean. The US knows that Ranbaxy was a mobster and has a dirty past but it also knows that it's trying really really hard to clean itself up and do things right. The FDA has also been under significant pressure to make sure that there aren't drug shortages which is happening more and more since many of the plants in the US get shutdown shortly after patent expirations.

为什么印度兰伯西(Ranbaxy)制药公司仍然被允许在美国做生意？
事实上，我认为这场灾难对印度制药行业的未来非常有利。
从所发生的事情来看，丑闻是一个肮脏的公司试图合法化的产物，就像一个暴徒试图洗白一样。美国知道兰伯西是一个盗匪，有着肮脏的过去，但也知道它正在非常非常努力地清理自己，把事情做好。美国食品药品监督管理局也面临着巨大的压力，要求确保不会出现药品短缺，这种情况越来越多，因为美国的许多工厂在专利到期后不久就关闭了。

This is how generic drugs get made in countries like India. 5-8 years before the US patent expiration, organic chemists are figuring out how to synthesize the drug and break the US process patents. It takes another 2-3 years to scale-up and build a plant. This means that a generic company will probably be able to produce and sell a drug in countries with weak patent laws 2-3 years before the US patent expiry and set a world-wide generic price. This means that upon expiration, the drug essentially has to be supplied by a generic company.
I can tell you that the US pharmaceutical industry doesn't think very highly of Indian and Chinese manufacturers and it isn't because they do things inexpensively. It's because they do things cheaply. When you cut corners and brag about how you were successful in cutting corners, no is going to trust you in a highly regulated R&D business.

这就是印度等国家生产仿制药的方式。在美国专利到期前5-8年，有机化学家正在研究如何合成药物并打破美国工艺专利，还需要2-3年的时间来扩大规模并建立一个工厂。这意味着，仿制药公司可能能够在美国专利到期前2-3年在专利法薄弱的国家生产和销售药物，并设定全球仿制药价格。这意味着专利一旦过期，药物基本上必须由仿制药公司供应。
我可以告诉你，美国制药行业对印度和中国制造商的评价不高，并不是因为他们的产品成本低。这是因为他们做事很便宜。当你偷工减料，吹嘘自己是如何成功地偷工减料时，你再去搞一个高度监管的研发业务，是没有人会相信你的。

However, I recognize that companies like Ranbaxy need to exist since the US and the rest of the world does need generic drugs and places like Teva Pharmaceuticals aren''t going to be enough to provide Africa with drugs. For that to happen, you need to have whistleblowers making companies scared and freaking out to go legitimate and changing their company culture to do things correctly. I bet that Cipla and Dr. Reddy''s Laboratories (company) are currently going through their ranks and digging through their files. American-trained Indian scientists will be quickly replacing most of the upper management. The Department of Pharmaceuticals will be ramping up their inspections and coordinating with the FDA and EMA.
Those silly US evergreening patents that India seemingly is willing to ignore? They exist for a reason and most of them are trivial patents like "how to purify a compound" and "how to make a drug that meets FDA standards".
So why drugs from Ranbaxy and India? Frankly it''s still better than the alternatives. The European countries are only interested in the high-end generics. Japanese and Singaporean manufacturing facilities are already at capacity for brand name drugs.  The US''s only hope for cheap drugs is India .

然而，我认识到，需要存在像兰伯西这样的公司，因为美国和世界其他地区确实需要仿制药，而像梯瓦制药这样的公司不足以为非洲提供药物。要做到这一点，你需要有揭发者让公司感到害怕，让公司变得合法，并改变他们的公司文化，以正确地做事。我敢打赌，西普拉公司和:如瑞迪博士实验室有限公司目前正在调查他们的队伍并挖掘他们的档案。在美国接受培训的印度科学家将很快取代大部分高层管理人员。药品部门将加大检查力度，并与美国食品药品监督管理局和欧洲药品管理局进行协调。
那些愚蠢的美国常青树专利，印度似乎愿意忽视？它们的存在是有原因的，其中大多数都是不重要的专利，比如“如何纯化化合物”和“如何制造符合美国食品药品监督管理局标准的药物”。
那为什么是兰伯西和印度的药品呢？坦率地说，它仍然比其他选择要好。欧洲国家只对高端仿制药感兴趣。日本和新加坡的生产设施已经具备生产品牌药品的能力。美国唯一希望从印度获得廉价药物。

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
Why doesn't the Indian government fund pharmaceutical companies in their own R&D? Is just claiming India as the biggest exporter of medicines enough?
Funding Pharma Research is the highest risk.
You could spend Billions on a potential drug and suddenly have to yank it off due to complications and side effects.
R & D for Biosciences and Pharma in US is funded mainly by the Private Sector (85%) and Grants and Trusts (10.5%) with barely 4.5% coming from the Federal Govt
US Pharma companies spend $ 87 Billion a year on R & D and an average of 19.32% of their Revenue on R&D.
Now Indian Pharma spend Rs. 317 Crore or $ 423 Million a year on R&D with 68.3% being Government Funded and only 31.7% or Rs. 105 Crore a year being Privately Funded.
US pays an average researcher with 10 yrs an average of $ 187,717 a year , India pays Rs. 4,66,208 a year
Plus there is a misuse of budget for R and D. Out of say Rs. 10 Crore a year for research for a new vaccine, only Rs. 5.8 Crore is available. The rest goes into miscellaneous.
Conclusion is We dont have Money for that sort of research and our developments are Shoddy and Shortcuts aiming for headlines for 10 days than a solution for 10 years.
Rather than investing profits into R & D , our Pharma companies prefer eating the profits and wealth.

为什么印度政府不资助制药公司进行自己的研发？仅仅宣称印度是最大的药品出口国就足够了吗？
资助制药研究是风险最高的。
你可能在一种潜在的药物上花费了数十亿美元，但突然由于并发症和副作用而不得不放弃。
美国生物科学和制药的研发主要由私营部门(85%)和赠款和信托基金(10.5%)资助，只有4.5%来自联邦政府
美国制药公司每年在研发上的支出为870亿美元，平均占其收入的19.32%。
现在，印度制药公司每年在研发上花费31.7亿卢比或4.23亿美元，其中68.3%由政府资助，只有31.7%或10.5亿卢比由私人资助。
美国给一个普通研究人员10年的薪水为平均每年为18.7717万美元，在印度，他们的薪水为平均每年为46.6208万卢比
研发预算被滥用。比如，每年有1亿卢比用于新疫苗的研究，但只有5800万卢比可用。其余的都变成了杂项开支。
结论是，我们没有钱进行这类研究，我们的发展是“以次充好”和“捷径”，目标是10天内成为头条新闻，而不是10年内的解决方案。
我们的制药公司更喜欢吃掉利润和财富，而不是把利润投资于研发。

Anonymous
Why doesn't the Indian government fund pharmaceutical companies in their own R&D? Is just claiming India as the biggest exporter of medicines enough?
Indian govt. wants results and huge taxes without doing any hard work or planning so we cannot expect anything from them as their only focus is privatising everything and huge collection of taxes for their own luxuries, they make policies for corpoarates and rich people and nnot concerned about sufferings of common man.

为什么印度政府不资助制药公司进行自己的研发？仅仅宣称印度是最大的药品出口国就足够了吗？
印度政府想要结果和巨额税收，而不做任何艰苦的工作或计划，所以我们不能对他们抱有任何期望，因为他们唯一关注的是将一切私有化和征收巨额税收为自己的奢侈生活买单，他们为企业和富人制定政策，而不关心普通人的痛苦。