外刊逐句精读｜《金融时报》：如何合理地持续抗疫？｜CATTI一级译员外刊精读｜M

红色：主句主干  蓝色：从句主干  黄色：从句连词、关系代词  灰色：插入语、例句  粉色：同位语  绿色：长难句分析  紫色：词根词缀   （）：修饰成分，包括定语、状语等  下划线：词汇词组   高亮：连词

思考题

• 疫情表达分类积累
• 形势好转/严峻、政府态度、应对措施、各种目的和作用

Living with Covid-19 requires caution, not complacency

与新冠共存需要谨慎，而不是自鸣得意

Governments need to plan now (for what could be a tough autumn)

政府现在需要为可能形势严峻的秋天做好计划

• live with sb. 和某人一起生活

live with sth. 容忍

= put up with = tolerate

• caution n. 小心，谨慎
• complacency n. 自鸣得意

complacent a. 自满的

Summer is beckoning (for many) and with it the lure of breaks, possibly abroad, (for the first time) since the pandemic struck (in 2020).

对很多人来说夏天正在向我们招手，随着夏天而来的还有度假的诱惑，而且很可能是出国度假。自2020年疫情爆发以来，这样的现象还是第一次出现。

with it the lure of breaks中的it指代summer，意为“随着夏天而来的还有度假的诱惑”；灰色部分的插入语修饰breaks，说明“度假很有可能是在国外进行”。

• beckon v. 招手示意；吸引，诱惑

The clear blue sea beckoned.

清澈蔚蓝的大海令人向往。

• the lure of sth. ....的诱惑力
• break n. 休假

While we should enjoy this hard-won return to normality — or something that resembles it — this is no time for complacency: Covid-19 has not gone away.

虽然我们应该享受这种来之不易的回归常态（或看起来像是回归了常态），但现在不是自满的时候：Covid-19还没有消失。

while引导让步状语从句，破折号中间的插入语补充说明normality，其中有一个that引导的定语从句修饰。

• hard-won a. 辛苦得来的
• normality n. 正常状态
• resemble vt. 看起来像

She closely resembles her sister.

她和她姐姐很像。

There is a consensus (among doctors and immunologists) that autumn could bring more virulent strains (on top of seasonal illnesses) that may heap pressure on national health systems.

医生和免疫学家一致认为，除了季节性疾病之外，秋季可能会带来更多致命毒株，这可能会加剧国家医疗体系的压力。

第一个从句是that引导的同位语从句解释说明consensus，第二个从句是that引导的定语从句修饰virulent strains。

• consensus n. 共识

consensus amoung sb. about / on sth.

• immunologists n. 免疫学家

immunology n. 免疫学

• virulent a. 致命的，恶性的
• strain n. 病毒类型，动植物品系
• on top of sth. 除了....之外

= in addition to sth.

He gets commission on top of his salary.

他除了薪水之外还拿佣金。

• heap A on B 在B上堆放A

Now is the time for governments (around the world), (distracted by the cost of living crisis), to plan their responses.

对因生活费用危机而转移了注意力的世界各国政府来说，是时候制定应对计划了。

句子主干是Now is the time for s to do sth.结构。

• distract vt. 使分心

distract sb./sth. from sth.

• cost of living n. 生活费用

段落大意：

疫情尚未结束，各国政府仍需做好准备。

Surges (in hospitalisations) (in countries (including Portugal, the UK and Germany) — driven by new sub-variants of the highly infectious Omicron strain — are a nasty reminder of the need for vigilance.

在高传染性奥密克戎毒株次变种的驱动下，包括葡萄牙、英国和德国在内的国家住院人数激增，这一糟糕的事实提醒人们需要保持警惕。

黑色部分修饰hospitalisations；灰色部分是插入语，过去分词短语做定语修饰surges，说明住院人数激增的原因。

• hospitalisations n. 住院

hospitalise vt. 送某人入院治疗

• sub-variants n. 次变种

variant n. 变种

• infectious a. 有传染力的
• nasty a. 令人不悦的，极差的
• vigilance n. 警惕，警戒

Globally, the number of Covid-related deaths is about a sixth of what it was (six months ago) but 7,843 people still died (last week), including 1,640 in the US.

在全球范围内，新冠病毒相关的死亡人数约为六个月前的六分之一，但上周仍有7843人死亡，其中包括美国的1640人。

Disparities (in access to vaccines) (between developed and poorer countries) are still glaring, and even within some rich countries.

发达国家和较贫穷国家在获取疫苗方面的差异仍然很明显，甚至在一些富裕国家之间也是如此。

• disparity n. （不公平的）差异

disparity in sth.

disparity between A and B

• access n. （使用或见到的机会）

access to sth.

• glaring a. 显眼的，明显的

While it would be foolhardy to announce victory over Covid, or pretend it does not exist, it is also right that we need to learn to live with it.

虽然宣布战胜了新冠或假装它不存在是愚蠢的，但我们需要学会与它共存。

while引导让步状语从句，or连接并列的介词短语to announce和to pretend，pretend后面是省略了that的宾语从句。

• foolhardy a. [贬]有勇无谋的
• the victory over/ against sth. /sb. 面对某人的胜利

There are sensible ways to do that (without resorting to draconian lockdowns).

有合理的方法可以做到这一点，而无需采取严厉的封锁措施。

• sensible a. 明智的，合理的
• make sense 有道理
• resort to sth./ doing sth. 诉诸

The duke was prepared to resort to force if negotiation failed.

如果谈判失败，公爵将诉诸武力。

• draconian a. （法律等）严酷的

Draco 德拉古

段落大意：

仍有不少疫情相关的问题需要解决，但可以探索更合理的解决方法。

The first is to retain apparatus set up (over the past two years).

一是保留过去两年设置的仪器。

set up是过去分词词组做后置定语修饰apparatus。

• retain v. 保留
• apparatus n. 器械、仪器

Dismantling data collection and surveillance is a mistake.

废除数据收集和监测是一个错误。

• dismantlev. 拆除（设备）；逐渐废除（制度/组织）
• surveillance n. 监视

They were under constant close surveillance day and night.

他们日夜不间断地受到严密监视。

Home testing and reporting of results has already fallen off a cliff (in many countries), which means it is likely that far more people have Covid (than currently reported).

在许多国家，居家检测和上报的数量已经大幅下跌，这意味着很可能感染新冠病毒的人数比目前报告的要多得多。

which引导主语从句修饰整个句子，which指代逗号前的主句，即“居家检测和上报的数量已经大幅下跌”这件事；从句内嵌套了一个It is +adj. that....的主语从句，it是形式主语，that指代it做真正的主语。

• fall off sth. 从某物上掉下来
• cliff n. 悬崖

It also limits the genomic sequencing that is vital for studying outbreaks and spotting new variants, some of which could mutate to become vaccine-resistant.

它还限制了对研究疫情爆发和发现新变体至关重要的基因组测序，其中一些新变体可能会发生突变因而对疫苗产生抗药性。

that引导的定语从句修饰genomic sequencing，which引导的宾语从句修饰new variants。

• genomic sequencing 基因组测序

genome n. 基因组

sequencing n. （对基因的）排序

• outbreak n. （暴力、疾病等）爆发
• spot vt. 发现
• mutate v. 突变
• -resistant 耐....的

heat-resistant 耐热的

water-resistant 防水的

段落大意：

第一步应该继续保留监测设备，以及时掌握疫情状况、加深对病毒的了解。

The second step is to map out booster campaigns (for the autumn), when populations’ immune protection (from the last round of jabs) will wane just as new variants are predicted to take hold.

第二步是为秋季规划加强针宣传活动，届时上一轮疫苗的免疫保护作用将减弱，同时新的变种预计将会流行起来。

主句为主系表结构，to do不定式做表语。when和as引导的定语从句修饰autumn，共同说明在秋天会出现说明情况。

• map out sth. 精心策划
• booster n. 加强针
• campaign n. （宣传）活动
• immune a. 免疫的
• jab n. [不正式]接种、预防针
• wane vi. 减弱；（月亮）亏
• take (a) hold 变得十分强大；完全取得控制

Governments will have to decide whether to restrict boosters to vulnerable groups — the UK has just widened preparations (for the booster (to be given to those over 50).

各国政府需要决定是否只有脆弱群体接受加强针的接种——英国刚刚扩大了准备工作，为50岁以上人群提供加强针。

• restrict sth. to sth. 限制，限定（数量、范围等）（指将某物限定在一定范围内）
• preparations n. [复]准备工作

We made preparations to move to new offices.

我们为搬新办公室做准备。

This tactic is designed to reduce hospitalisations and deaths.

这种策略旨在减少住院和死亡人数。

But proponents (of diffuse vaccine rollouts) argue that jabs should be given more widely to try to lessen the economic and social damage lockdowns cause.

但广泛推广疫苗的支持者认为，应该让更多的人接种疫苗，以试图减轻封锁造成的经济和社会损害。

lockdowns cause是修饰damage的定语从句，省略了关系代词that/which。

• proponents n. 拥护者，提倡者

= advocate

• diffuse a. 扩散的

The organization is large and diffuse.

这个组织规模大、分布广。

• rollout n. （新产品）推出市场

Governments could consider liberalising markets somewhat, allowing people (outside target groups) to pay for boosters, as they do (for flu jabs or travel shots).

政府可以考虑在一定程度上放开市场，允许目标群体以外的人自费接种加强针，就像他们自费接种流感疫苗或旅行疫苗一样。

• liberalise vt. 使自由化
• somewhat ad. 稍微，有点

Things have changed somewhat since then.

从那时候起，情况就有些不一样了。

• flu jab 流感疫苗
• travel shot 旅行疫苗

段落大意：

第二步要加强疫苗接种，政府可以考虑扩大接种人群范围，同时放开自费接种的市场。

There is also the question [of what vaccine to deploy], with evidence that those [developed earlier in the pandemic] are less efficient [at tackling the spread of Omicron] (although they do still confer protection [against severe illness]).

还有一个问题是要部署什么疫苗，有证据表明，在疫情早期开发的疫苗在应对奥密克戎的传播方面效率较低（尽管它们仍然可以针对重疾予以保护）。

黑色是伴随状语，表示有....证据；that引导的同位语从句和括号里as引导的让步状语从句解释说明evidence，交代了早期疫苗的作用。

• deploy vt. 部署，利用

Forces were deployed at strategic locations.

军队已被部署在各个战略位置

They are not always able to deploy this skill.

他们并不总能施展这一技巧。

• tackle vt. 处理，应付
• confer vt. 授予

The International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities is due to vote (by the end of the month) on whether to allow variant-specific vaccines; the hope is that it will.

药品监管当局国际联盟将于本月底就是否允许使用针对奥密克戎变种的疫苗进行投票； 我们希望投票可以通过。

并列的两个分句都是主系表结构，第一个分句是sb is due to vote on sth.；第二个分句中that引导的宾语从句作表语成分，it指代第一个分句的主语ICMRA，will = will allow。

• International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities 药物管制当局国际联盟
• due a. 预期

be due to do sth.

Rose is due to start school in January.

罗斯一月份就要开始上学了

• -specific 针对....的

Countries’ investment (in treatments (for Covid) should also be sustained, including in antivirals, which lessen the effects (for symptomatic patients) (if taken early on).

各国在新冠病毒治疗上的投资也应该持续下去，包括对抗病毒药物的投资，如果及早服用抗病毒药物，可以减轻对有症状患者的影响。

which引导定语从句修饰antivirals，taken做后置定语修饰antivirals。

• sustain vt. 使保持
• antiviral n. 抗病毒药物
• symptomatic a. 有症状的

asymptomatic a. 无症状的

段落大意：

要思考使用哪种疫苗更有效，以及是否使用针对特定变种的疫苗。同时也要维持治疗费用的投入。

Moreover, seasonal flu could be far worse (this year) — an issue Australia and China are already grappling with — because pandemic restrictions mean people have been less exposed to all kinds of illnesses and are therefore less resilient.

此外，今年的季节性流感可能会严重得多——澳大利亚和中国已经在努力解决这个问题——因为疫情的限制意味着人们接触各种疾病的机会更少，因此抵抗力变得更差。

红色部分是句子主干；下划线部分既是插入语又是主句的同位语，指代“今年的季节性流感可能会严重得多”这件事，an issue后面是省略了关系代词的定语从句；because引导原因状语从句，其中嵌套了一个宾语从句（即mean之后到and之间的部分）。

• grapple with sth. 设法努力解决
• resilient a. 有抵抗力的

“Two-in-one” campaigns that encourage people to get both their Covid boosters and flu jabs, as Australia is launching, will be key this autumn.

正如澳大利亚正在发起的那样，鼓励人们同时接种新冠加强针和流感疫苗的“二合一”宣传运动将成为今年秋季的关键。

• two-in-one 二合一

段落大意：

由于各种限制措施，人们季节性的流感的抵抗力变低，秋季可以同时加强新冠疫苗和流感疫苗的接种。

While restrictions can be jettisoned (this summer), the hard lessons (of the past two years) should not be.

尽管今年夏天可以取消各种限制措施，但过去两年的惨痛教训不应该被无视。

• jettison vt. 放弃（想法、计划等）

The scheme was jettisoned.

方案被放弃了。

Covid-19 may have been displaced (in headlines, governments’ priorities and the public consciousness), but out of sight should not mean out of mind.

新冠疫情可能在新闻头条、政府的优先事项和公众意识中被取代，但“眼不见”不代表“心不想”。

• displace vt. 取代，替代
• priority n. 优先事项
• consciousness n. 意识
• out of sight, out of mind 眼不见，心不想

▲ 疫情现状相关：

• 疫情有所减缓：hard-won return to normality

• 疫情对医疗系统的压力：heap pressure on national health systems

• 疫情相关住院人数：surges in hospitalisations driven by new sub-variants of the highly infectious Omicron strain

• 疫情相关死亡人数：the number of Covid-related deaths

• 国家之间的疫苗不平等：disparities in access to vaccines between developed and poorer countries

• 流感与新冠的联系：seasonal flu could be far worse，because pandemic restrictions mean people have been less exposed to all kinds of illnesses and are therefore less resilient.

▲ 疫情监控：

• 疫情数据监测的作用：study outbreaks（研究爆发）、spot new variants（发现新变种）、mutate（v. 突变）、vaccine-resistant（对疫苗有抗药性的）

▲ 抗疫态度：

• 应对疫情的态度：

living with Covid requires caution，not complacency.

vigilance;

It would be foolhardy to announce victory over Covid, or pretend it does not exist, it is also right that we need to learn to live with it.

the hard lessons of the past two years should not be jettisoned

out of sight should not mean out of mind

▲ 疫苗与药物：

• 加强针的作用：immune protection

• 推广加强针的目的：

reduce hospitalisations and deaths

lessen the economic and social damage lockdowns cause

• 推广加强针的方法：

map out booster campaigns

restrict boosters to vulnerable groups

widen preparations for the boosters to be given to those over 50

liberalising markets somewhat，allowing people outside target groups to pay for boosters

• 疫苗的有效性：

be less efficient at tackling the spread of Omicron

confer protection against severe illness;

• 投资治疗药物的作用：lessen the effects for symptoms patients of taken early on