【自用跟读版】新概念2-Lesson31 Success story

一、单词

success /səkˈses/ n. 成功;

successful adj. 成功的

successfully adv. 成功地

succeed v. 成功

succeed in sth/doing sth

retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ v. （令）退职，（使）退休；

retire = stop working =stop doing this

The man who retired last year likes walking with his wife along the river bank on fine afternoons.

I am so tired that I’m going to retire now. （retire = go to bed）

company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司；

firm n.商行

corporation n. 责任公司

limited corporation 有限责任公司 Ltd. Co

business n. 生意, 公司

He works in my business 

He has worked for this business company for ten years.

When he was still working for that company, he liked walking in the park near his company.

bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/ n. 单车，自行车

= bike 

bi- 双的 cycle 圈 bicycle两个圈的，就是自行车

tri- 三个 tricycle 三轮车

recyclable adj. 可循环利用的

save /seɪv/ v. 救助，搭救；积攒，储蓄；节省（钱、时间或其他资源）；保存，保留；

①save money 攒钱

save it for a rainy days 未雨绸缪 

西方人不喜欢提钱，所以用save up 表示存钱

I have saved up for many years.我已经存了好几年的钱。

②save time 节省时间

③save the game 保存游戏

save the document 保存文件

savings n. 积蓄

④ save one’s life 挽救某人的生命

The doctor saved the child’s life.

They saved the child from the fire.

save one’s face 挽回面子

workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 车间，工场，作坊； 

They put out the fire in the workshop in the end.

helper /ˈhelpə(r)/ n. 助手，帮手 

employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v. 雇用；忙于，从事（be employed in）

①employment n.雇佣，就业

unemployment n. 失业

unemployment rate 失业率

②employee 雇员

employer 雇主

grandson /ˈɡrænsʌn/ n. 孙子；外孙

二、原文

Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!

三、课文和语法

1、Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.

was telling 过去进行时

as a young man = as he was a young man

as 当…的时候

2、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company.

he retired 一般过去时

Frank was 一般过去时

head 首领，头目

the head of + 名词 表示….的老板，头

John is the head of the firm.

3、… but as a boy he used to work in a small shop

①used to do  过去常常做某事

I used to drink a lot of coffee.

We used to live in the countryside.

People used to be happy when they were young.

② work … as… 作为…工作

He used to work as a teacher

as a boy = as he was a boy as这里是“当…的时候”

4、It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.

①it 是形式主语，to repair bicycles 是真正的主语

= To repair bicycles was his job.

主语太长的话，最好是放后面，前面用形式主语it来代替。

主语如果超过一个句子的一半，最好是往后放，放前面也不是不对，就是看着句子失衡

通常情况下，推荐使用形式主语，长的主语往后放

It is my dream to travel around the world.

= To travel around the world is my dream.

It is very important to study English well.

It’s necessary to think about the future.

It’s my honor to be here.

② at that time= just then = at that moment

5、He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.

one’s own + n. 某人自己的… own 既可以是形容词也可以是代词

his own workshop 他自己的车间

a small workshop of his own

当名词有多个修饰成分时，放在一边不合适，分开在名词的两边，会均衡一些

a new car of his own. 他的一辆新车

6、 In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts…

in his twenties 在20多岁的时候

in your fourties 在你40多岁的时候

in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代

 I worked the job in 1980s

7、In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.

has become 成长为…

in a few years 在一些年之后

8、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.

one’s hard early years = early in one’s life 某人的早年艰辛（生活） hard 表示艰辛的、苦难的，不能用difficult 替换

the long road to success 通过成功的长路  to 通向，朝向

I stood at the entrance to the cave.

There is a long way to go 还有很长的路要走

remember v.记得，回忆起

memory n.以及

memorize v. 记住

9、used to

1）过去发生，现在已经不发生了

I used to be a student.

This building is now a drug store. It used to be a cinema.

2)否定 didn’t use to do sth

一般疑问：did +主语+ use to do …

下面这种不常用

Used he to smoke?

Yes ,he used to / No, he used not to

3）used to do 活动

I used to live in Beijing.

I used to be a bus driver.

4） used to do 只能用于一般过去时，表示过去经常做而现在不再拥有的习惯，强调过去与现在的明确对比

5) used to do sth vs be used to do sth vs be used for doing sth vs be used to doing sth vs be used as sth

used to do sth 过去常做而现在不做的事情

be used to do sth 被用来做某事， use 表“使用，用途”

The machine is used to detect gold.

be used for doing sth 被用来做某事

The new machine is used for detecting gold.

be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 = be accustomed to doing sth

He is used to reading English in the morning.

be used as sth 被当作…来用

The platform can be used as a port.

四、习惯用法

It is/was sb’s job to do sth.

In sb’s twenties