BBC原文：Donald Trump's life story: From hotel developer to President——2020年11月3日

早在成为美国总统竞选人之前（2016），唐纳德 · 特朗普就是美国最著名、最精彩的亿万富翁。光阴似水，2020年，74岁的他要结束四年（2016-2020）总统生涯。

一丶Early life早年生活

Mr Trump is the fourth child of New York real estate tycoon Fred Trump. Despite the family's wealth, he was expected to work the lowest-tier jobs within his father's company and was sent off to a military academy at age 13 when he started misbehaving in school.

特朗普先生是美国纽约市房地产大亨弗雷德 · 特朗普的第四个孩子。尽管家里很富有，但人们还是希望他在父亲的公司里从事最底层的工作，13岁时，他在学校里开始行为不端，就被送到了一所军事学院。

After attending the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania he became favourite to succeed his father when his older brother, Fred, chose to become a pilot. Fred Trump died at 43 from alcoholism, an incident that his brother says led him to avoid alcohol and cigarettes his entire life.

在宾夕法尼亚大学读完书后，他的哥哥弗雷德选择成为一名飞行员，他成为了继承父亲事业的热门人选。弗雷德在43岁时死于酗酒，这一事件导致他（川建国）一生都戒酒和戒烟。

Mr Trump says he got into real estate with a "small" $1m loan from his father before joining the company. He helped manage his father's extensive portfolio of residential housing projects in the New York City boroughs, and took control of the company - which he renamed the Trump Organization - in 1971.

特朗普先生说，在投身商场之前，他从父亲那里得到了“小额”100万美元，然后才进入了房地产行业。1971年，他帮助管理父亲在纽约市各区的大量住宅项目，并控制了这家公司——他将其重新命名为川普集团公司。

His father died in 1999. "My father was my inspiration," Mr Trump said at the time.

他的父亲于1999年去世。“我的父亲是我的灵感，”特朗普先生当时说。

二丶The mogul大人物

Shifting his family's business from residential units in Brooklyn and Queens to glitzy Manhattan projects, Mr Trump transformed the rundown Commodore Hotel into the Grand Hyatt and erected the most famous Trump property, the 68-storey Trump Tower on Fifth Avenue. Other properties bearing the famous name followed - Trump Place, Trump World Tower, Trump International Hotel and Tower, and so on. There are Trump Towers in Mumbai, Istanbul and the Philippines.

特朗普先生把他的家族企业从纽约市的布鲁克林和皇后区的住宅单元转移到了华丽的曼哈顿区，他把破旧的康莫多酒店(Commodore Hotel)改造成了 Grand Hyatt，并在第五大道上建起了最著名的特朗普地产——68层的特朗普大厦(Trump Tower)。其他以这个著名的名字命名的房产还有---- 特朗普广场，特朗普世界大厦，川普国际酒店大厦等等。另外，印度孟买、巴基国伊斯坦布尔和菲律宾都有特朗普大厦。

And Mr Trump developed hotels and casinos, an arm of the business that has led to four bankruptcy filings (for the businesses, not personal bankruptcy).

特朗普先生开发了酒店和赌场，这是该公司的一个项目，已经导致了四起集团破产申请(针对企业，而不是个人破产)。

He also built an empire in the entertainment business. From 1996 until 2015, he was an owner in the Miss Universe, Miss USA, and Miss Teen USA beauty pageants. In 2003, he debuted an NBC reality television show called The Apprentice, in which contestants competed for a shot at a management job within Mr Trump's organisation. He hosted the show for 14 seasons, and said in a financial disclosure form that he had been paid a total of $213m by the network during the show's run.

他还在娱乐业建立了一个帝国。从1996年到2015年，他是环球小姐、美国小姐和美国小姐选美比赛的主持人丶金主。2003年，他推出了 NBC 的真人秀节目《飞黄腾达》(The Apprentice) ，其中参赛者竞争特朗普先生所在集团的职位。他还主持了14季的节目，并在一份财务披露表中表示，在节目播出期间他从电视台获得了总共2.13亿美元的报酬。

He has written several books, and owns a line of merchandise that sells everything from neckties to bottled water. According to Forbes, his net worth is $2.5bn (£1.9bn).

他还出版了几本书，并拥有一系列商品，销售从领带到瓶装水的各种商品。根据《福布斯》(Forbes)的数据，他的净资产为25亿美元（2020）。

In September, the New York Times reported that despite his purported wealth, Mr Trump paid just $750 in federal income tax both in 2016 and in his first year in the White House. The President dismissed the report as "fake news".

2020年9月，《纽约时报》报道称，尽管特朗普先生声称拥有财富，但在2016年和入主白宫的第一年，他只缴纳了750美元的联邦所得税。特朗普则认为这份报告是“假新闻”。

三丶The husband and father丈夫和父亲

Mr Trump has been married three times, though his most famous wife was his first - Ivana Zelnickova, a Czech athlete and model. The couple had three children - Donald Jr, Ivanka and Eric - before they filed for divorce in 1990. The ensuing court battle made for numerous stories in the tabloid press. Those stories included allegations that he was abusive towards Ivana, though she later downplayed the incidents.

特朗普先生已经结过三次婚，他最著名的妻子是他的第一任妻子——捷克运动员和模特伊万娜 · 泽尔尼科娃。这对夫妇在1990年提出离婚之前有三个孩子——小唐纳丶伊万卡丶埃里克。随后的法庭离婚风波在美国媒体上引起了无数的报道。这些故事包括他虐待伊万娜的指控，尽管她后来淡化了这些事件（可能收了封口费）。

He married actress Marla Maples in 1993. They had a daughter named Tiffany before divorcing in 1999. He married his current wife, Slovenian model Melania Knauss, in 2005, and the couple have one son, Barron William Trump.

1993年，他与女演员玛拉 · 梅普尔斯结婚。在1999年离婚前，他们有一个女儿叫蒂凡尼。2005年，他与现任妻子、斯洛文尼亚模特梅拉尼娅 · 克瑙斯(Melania Knauss)结婚，并育有一子，名叫巴伦 · 威廉 · 特朗普(Barron William Trump)（至此，他共有5个孩子，3儿2女）。

His children from his first marriage now help run Trump Organization, though he is still chief executive. Ivanka, his eldest daughter, followed her dad to the White House, where she and her husband, Jared Kushner, serve as senior advisers.

他第一次婚姻所生的孩子现在帮助管理川普集团，尽管特朗普仍然是集团的首席执行官。他的大女儿伊万卡(Ivanka)跟随父亲来到白宫，大女儿和丈夫贾里德 · 库什纳(Jared Kushner)在白宫担任高级顾问。

四丶The candidate候选人

Mr Trump expressed interest in running for President as early as 1987, and even entered the 2000 race as a Reform Party candidate.

早在1987年，特朗普先生就表达了竞选美国总统的兴趣，甚至以改革党候选人的身份参加了2000年的总统竞选。

After 2008, he became one of the most outspoken members of the "birther" movement, which questioned whether Barack Obama had been born in the US. Those claims have been thoroughly debunked; Mr Obama was born in Hawaii. Mr Trump finally admitted there was no truth to the claims although, characteristically, there was no apology.

2008年后，他成为“奥观海总统出生地怀疑运动”(birther movement)中最直言不讳的成员之一。该运动质疑巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)是否出生在美国。这些说法已经被彻底揭穿，有证据显示奥巴马先生出生在夏威夷。特朗普先生最终承认他的说法没有事实根据，但仍一如既往地没有道歉。

It was not until June 2015 that Mr Trump formally announced his entrance into the race for the White House.

直到2015年6月，特朗普先生正式宣布进入总统竞选。

"We need somebody that literally will take this country and make it great again. We can do that," he said in his announcement speech, promising that as a candidate with no need to fundraise he answered to no special interests and was the perfect outsider candidate.

“我们需要一个真正能够带领这个国家重振雄风的人。我们可以做到这一点，”他在宣布竞选的演讲中表示。他当时承诺，作为一个不需要筹集资金的候选人，他不会对任何特殊利益集团负责，是完美的局外人候选人。

Under the banner Make America Great Again, Mr Trump ran a controversial campaign built on promises to strengthen the American economy, build a wall on the border of Mexico and the US, and to temporarily ban immigration by Muslims "until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on".

在“让美国再次伟大”的旗帜下，特朗普先生发起了一场有争议的竞选活动，承诺加强美国经济，在墨西哥和美国边境修建隔离墙，并暂时禁止穆斯林移民，“直到我们国家的话事人们能够搞清楚到底发生了什么”。

Despite massive protests at his campaign events and the best efforts of his Republican rivals Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio, Mr Trump became the presumptive Republican Party nominee for President after the Indiana primary.

尽管特朗普在2016年竞选活动中遭到大规模抗议，而且他的共和党竞争对手泰德 · 克鲁兹和马尔科 · 卢比奥也尽了最大努力，但在印第安纳州初选后，特朗普先生仍然成为共和党总统候选人的推定人选。

五丶The election winner选举获胜者

Mr Trump's 2016 campaign for the presidency was rocked by controversies, including the emergence of a recording from 2005 of him making lewd remarks about women, and claims, including from members of his own party, that he was not fit for office.

特朗普先生2016年的总统竞选活动受到了各种争议的冲击，包括2005年出现的一段他对女性发表下流言论的录音，以及声称他不适合担任公职的言论，还包括来自他自己政党成员的反对言论。

But he consistently told his army of supporters that he would defy the opinion polls, which mostly had him trailing Hillary Clinton, and that his presidency would strike a blow against the political establishment and "drain the swamp" in Washington.

但他一直对自己的支持者表示，他将无视民意调查结果。因为民意调查结果显示，他的支持率大多落后于希拉里 · 克林顿(Hillary Clinton)。他还表示，他的总统任期将对美国传统政治体制构成打击，并将“抽干华盛顿的沼泽”。

He took inspiration from the successful campaign to get Britain out of the European Union, saying he would pull off "Brexit times 10".

他另外还从英国脱离欧盟的成功运动中获得灵感，说他将实现“10次脱欧”。

As his stunning victory was still sinking in across the US, his supporters got the chance to see him in the Oval Office when he and President Obama met for transition talks two days after election day.

当他令人震惊的胜利仍然在美国各地蔓延时（2016），他的支持者终于有机会在椭圆形办公室看到他，当时他和奥巴马总统（第44任总统）在选举日两天后举行了过渡会谈。

He is the first US President never to have held elected office or served in the military, meaning that he had already made history before he was sworn in as America's 45th President on 20 January 2017.

他是第一位从未当选或服役的美国总统，这意味着在2017年1月20日宣誓就任美国第45任总统之前，他已经创造了历史。

六丶The President总统

In January 2017, he signed his first executive order, banning travel from seven countries, most with Muslim-majorities. The ban, decried as xenophobic by critics, has been upheld by the Supreme Court.

2017年1月，他签署了自己的第一项总统行政命令，禁止从七个国家出境，其中大多数是穆斯林国家。这项被批评者斥为排外的禁令得到了美国最高法院的支持。

Months later, he shocked Washington by firing FBI Director James Comey. The sudden dismissal was described as potentially obstructing justice in a subsequent report from Special Counsel Robert Mueller, which probed alleged collusion between the 2016 Trump campaign and Russia. 

几个月后，他解雇了美国联邦调查局局长詹姆斯 · 科米，震惊了华盛顿传统势力。为了反抗，美国特别检察官罗伯特 · 穆勒(Robert Mueller)随后发表的一份报告称，这个突然性的解职可能会妨碍司法公正。该报告还调查了2016年特朗普竞选团队与俄国（美国敌国）之间的勾结。

Soon after, Mr Trump faced accusations that he had pressured a foreign government to dig up dirt on Democratic rival Joe Biden. The allegations prompted a Democratic-led impeachment inquiry, and Mr Trump became just the third US President in history to be impeached.

不久之后，特朗普先生面临指控，称他向外国（乌克兰国）政府施压，要求挖出民主党竞争对手乔 · 拜登的丑闻。这些指控引发了民主党领导的对他弹劾调查，以至于特朗普先生曾被怀疑会成为历史上第三位被弹劾的美国总统。

Mr Trump has maintained his loyal base thanks to a number of campaign promises kept. Perhaps his most enduring legacy: nominating three right-wing justices to the Supreme Court, which will shape the country's policies for decades to come.

但是由于许多竞选承诺得以兑现，特朗普先生保持了他忠实的选民基础。也许他最持久的遗产是: 任命三名右翼法官为最高法院大法官，这将影响美国未来几十年的政策。

His 2020 election year has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic. He has faced intense criticism for his handling of the crisis, as the US leads the globe in deaths and infections. The voracious campaigner was even forced to take a break from the trail in October, after he was diagnosed with Covid-19 himself.

他的2020年选举年主要被冠状病毒大流行所影响。由于美国在死亡和感染方面处于全球领先地位，他对危机的处理方式受到了强烈批评。他甚至在2020年10月份被诊断出患有冠状病毒疾病后被迫中断2020年的总流竞选活动。

随着四年总统任期的结束，特朗普开始了他的退休生活：打高尔夫球，发推特怼拜登（第46任总统），吃垃圾食品……