懒人阅读第三天——结构阅读法

看标题,预判文章类别和大致写作内容;
数段落,对文章结构有一个大体的感知;
读“主题段”,确认话题的展开是否符合预期;
抓“主题句”,快速把握文章段落的行文框架。
然后再利用题目来确定每一段的阅读策略。





比如TPO32P1 Plant Colonization首段的详略结合展示如下:
para 1:
段落详略结合:
Colonization is one way in which plants can change the ecology of a site. 【背景,不说也知道的废话】Colonization is a process with two components: invasion and survival. 【有新信息,后面应该会展开】The rate at which a site is colonized by plants depends on both the rate at which individual organisms (seeds, spores, immature or mature individuals) arrive at the site and their success at becoming established and surviving.【阐述前一句话,读完忘掉】Success in colonization depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization—a safe site where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level at which the invading species can become established. 【补充新信息】For a given rate of invasion, colonization of a moist, fertile site is likely to be much more rapid than that of a dry, infertile site because of poor survival on the latter.【常识信息,读完忘掉】 A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded by a large variety of weeds, whereas a neighboring construction site from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material may remain virtually free of vegetation for many months or even years despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.(对比类比读一半)
想要做到详略结合,可以通过阅读笔记的训练达成。
阅读笔记的重要性——
首先,是可以通过笔记使阅读行为可视化;
其次,是帮助我们在阅读过程中形成思维框架。
常有同学问阅读笔记的意义——
题目都做不完,还做阅读笔记,这不是浪费时间吗?
一件事做了没用,才叫浪费时间。

练习过程中阅读笔记能有效帮助你读懂文章,进而增加做题的正确率(其实好的听力笔记和口语笔记也是在阅读笔记中练出来的)。
因为文章只要读懂,做题就是件水到渠成的事情。
练习熟练到可以用脑子生成文章的整体架构以后,阅读笔记作为一个工具就并不是必须的了。
阅读笔记记什么?
记下来的也就是读懂一篇文章所需要的所有重要元素,包括:
结构主体核心词;
时间、数字及对应的事件和对象;
人名、地名、专有名词(以缩写呈现);
举例主体;
新概念及局部核心概念;
和
符号化的逻辑关系。

阅读笔记怎么记?
做好段落标记;
不要读完再记,要边读边想边记,即时理解;
不用试图记下所有的内容,笔记是辅助理解,不是抄文章;
笔记可以中英文结合,甚至使用示意图。
如果你已经进行过听力笔记的训练,那么尝试把阅读笔记当做听力笔记来做就对了。而且阅读笔记不用像听力笔记那样面面俱到。
优秀笔记参考:
来自FY20EP学员梁清玉(TPO21):

来自FY20EP学员程星宇:

来自FY19EP学员夏禹然:

大学生学员何家杰:

优秀学员电子阅读笔记:
