【Diplopoda】 千足百态: 现生马陆大观 译名分类图鉴（二）

PII: 词源/图鉴：Pokédex & Etymology: II 

=Merocheta Cook, 1895 分毛总目

Et：来自希腊语meros ‘part’.+ χαίτη (khaítē) 鬃毛

+Polydesmida Leach‎, 1815 多带马陆目

Et：来自希腊语polus ‘much’+δεσμός (desmós) 带

=Dalodesmidea Hoffman, 1980  裂带马陆亚目

Et：可能来自于原始印欧语delh₁- 分裂

-Dalodesmidae Cook, 1896 裂带马陆科

Et：见“裂带马陆亚目”

-Vaalogonopodidae Verhoeff, 1940 淡茎马陆科

Et: 来自中古荷兰语vāle 淡的，苍白的+ goneyo “I produce” 种子，生殖

=Leptodesmidea Brölemann, 1916 纤带马陆亚目

Et：来自希腊语leptos- 纤薄的，精致的

=Chelodesmoidea超科Cook, 1895 螯带马陆超科

Et: 来自希腊语χηλή  ( khēlḗ )。chelo (a) - claw

-Chelodesmidae Cook, 1895 螯带马陆科

Et: 见“螯带马陆超科”

=Platyrhacoidea Pocock, 1895 皱面马陆超科

Et：platy-平面+ "rhakos" 皱纹

-Aphelidesmidae Brölemann, 1916 滑带马陆科

Et: Greek aphelēs smooth

-Platyrhacidae Pocock, 1895 皱面马陆科

Et: 同“皱面马陆超科”

=Rhachodesmoidea Carl, 1903 脊带马陆超科

Et: rhach-, rach-,与主轴，脊柱等有关

-Rhachodesmidae Carl, 1903脊带马陆科

ET：见“脊带马陆超科”

-Tridontomidae Loomis & Hoffman, 1962 三齿马陆科

Et：tri- 三+ donto=odonto 来自ὀδούς ( odoús ) 牙齿

=Sphaeriodesmoidea Humbert & De Saussure, 1869 蟠带马陆超科

Et：σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “ball, globe”). 球

-Campodesmidae Cook, 1896 畈带马陆科

Et：可能来自拉丁campus ‘field’ 场，田野

-Holistophallidae Silvestri, 1909 全叶马陆科

Et：来自拉丁hol- 整体的+k φύλλον (phúllon, “leaf”)

-Sphaeriodesmidae Humbert & De Saussure, 1869 蟠带马陆科

Et: 见“蟠带马陆超科”

=Xystodesmoidea  Cook, 1895 光带马陆超科

Et：来自希腊语ξυστός ("xystus") 光滑的

-Eurymerodesmidae Causey, 1951 阔股带马陆科

Et：来自希腊语εὐρῠ́ς (eurús, “broad”)+ mero- 大腿

-Euryuridae Pocock, 1909 宽尾马陆科 

Et: euru-宽阔 oüra 尾巴

-Gomphodesmidae Cook, 1896 嵌带马陆科

Et: γόμφος (gómphos, “nail, peg, fastener, joint”)

-Oxydesmidae Cook, 1895 锋带马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语oxus ‘sharp’.

-Xystodesmidae Cook, 1895 光带马陆科

Et：来自希腊语ξυστός ("xystus") 光滑的

=Polydesmidea Leach, 1815 多带马陆亚目

Et：见“多带马陆目”

=Oniscodesmoides Simonsen, 1990 蝜带马陆下目 

Et：onisco-潮虫

=Oniscodesmoidea De Saussure, 1860 蝜带马陆超科

Et：见“蝜带马陆下目”

-Ammodesmidae Cook, 1896 沙带马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语 ἄμμος (ámmos) 沙子

-Dorsoporidae Loomis, 1958 背孔马陆科

Et：dorsum (“back”).+ pore 小孔

-Oniscodesmidae De Saussure, 1860 蝜带马陆科

Et：见“蝜带马陆亚目”

=Pyrgodesmoidea Silvestri, 1896 塔带马陆超科

Et: Pyrgus, 来自希腊语 Πύργος, 塔

-Cyrtodesmidae Cook, 1896 凸带马陆科

Et： 来自希腊语 kyrtōma

-Pyrgodesmidae Silvestri, 1896 塔带马陆科

Et：同“塔带马陆超科”

=Polydesmoides Leach, 1814 多带马陆下目

Et：见“多带马陆目”

=Haplodesmoidea Cook, 1895 单带马陆超科

Et: Haplo-单 

-Haplodesmidae Cook, 1895 单带马陆科

Et：见“单带马陆科”

=Polydesmoidea Leach, 1815 多带马陆超科

Et：见“多带马陆目”

-Cryptodesmidae Karsch, 1880 隐带马陆科

Et：来自希腊语kruptos 隐藏

-Polydesmidae Leach, 1815 多带马陆科

Et：见“单带马陆科”

=Trichopolydesmoidea Verhoeff, 1910 毛多带马陆超科

Et：来自希腊语：, trikhos头发

-Macrosternodesmidae Brölemann, 1916 巨胸带马陆科

Et：来自希腊语στέρνον stérnon 胸骨

-Nearctodesmidae Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1950 新北带马陆科

Et：地理学名词，新北界

-Opisotretidae Hoffman, 1980 后旋马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语ὀπίσσω  ( opíssō )+tre 旋转

-Trichopolydesmidae Verhoeff, 1910 毛多带马陆科

Et：见“毛多带马陆超科”

=Strongylosomatidea 圆体马陆亚目

Et：strongylo-圆

-Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 奇圆体马陆科

Et：Paradoxo:出乎意料的+类群名

-Undefined clades （由于一下分类大多古旧或者来源不明，一些科或是被同义，或是模式属已经归类于Polydesmidae, 本身已经成为一个没有任何属的空分类，分类地位也不置可否，故仅仅给出词源）

-Anoplodesmidae Pocock, 1909 无冑带马陆科

Et：Greek ἄνοπλος ("without shield") 无甲壳的+δεσμός (desmós) 带

-Atopogonidae Verhoeff, 1941 怪马陆科

Et：来自古希腊语atopos (άτοπος)“奇怪的”+ gerō 具有.

-Ceratesmidae Chamberlin, 1942 角带马陆科

Et: "keras" (horn)+ δεσμός (desmós) 带

-Chatelaineidae Cook, 1911 卡斯尔福德马陆科

Et：北约克郡地名

-Chytodesmidae Cook, 1896 同带马陆科

Et:* cyt-突变格式，一起，共同

-Comodesmidae Cook, 1896 科莫带马陆科

Et：*地名+δεσμός (desmós) 带

-Crypturodesmidae Silvestri, 1897 隐尾马陆科

Et: kruptos ‘hidden’隐藏 + οὐρά ，ourá 尾巴

-Cyclodesmidae Silvestri, 1895 环带马陆科 (同义Sphaeriodesmidae)

Et：来自希腊语kuklos ‘circle’

-Cylindrodesmidae Pocock, 1898 卷带马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语 kulindros ‘roller’, from kulindein ‘to roll’.

-Decaporodesmidae Kenyon, 1899 十径带马陆科

Et: deka ‘ten’+ πόρος (póros, “passage”).

-Desmonidae Cook, 1898 带马陆科

Et: desmos "bond, fastening, chain,"

-Devilleidae Silvestri, 1903 魔鬼马陆科

Et: 中古英语 devel 魔鬼

-Eoromidae Loomis, 1936 湿地马陆科

Et: 来自原始日耳曼语*auraz (Liquid, water, sea. Wet sand or earth, mud.)

-Ergethidae Chamberlin, 1949 地颚马陆科

Et: 原始印欧语词根，意为地面+颚

-Eroonsomidae Manfredi, 1943 离体马陆科

Et：* ero-单数形式，分离

-Eutynellidae Chamberlin, 1940 尤氏马陆科

-Fontariidae Attems, 1926 泉马陆科

Et: 源自古英语：fontis “喷泉” 

-Haplosomidae Silvestri, 1895 单体马陆科

Et：单+身体

-Helodesmidae Cook, 1896 海氏带马陆科

Et：*haljō-

-Hercodesmidae Cook, 1896 绒带马陆科

Et: *hircus hirtus (“hairy, shaggy”).

-Hylomidae Cook & Loomis, 1924 森马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语hȳ́lē, meaning “wood”

-Hynidesmidae Cook, 1896 罐带马陆科

Et: *可能来自于hnw, “jar, unit of liquid volume”

-Kiusiunidae Verhoeff, 1942 九州马陆科

Et: 来自地名日本九州岛Kyushu

-Macellolophidae Attems, 1940 弑冠马陆科

Et: 来自古希腊语μάκελλον  ( mákellon ) 屠杀+λόφος  ( lóphos) 波峰

-Mastigonodesmidae Attems, 1914 鞭带马陆科

Et：来自希腊语μαστιγο-,组合形式μάστιξ whip + νῆμα thread.

-Niponiellidae Verhoeff, 1942 日本马陆科

Et：来自罗马音Nippon

-Onomatoplanidae Schubart, 1956 凡名马陆科

Et: onoma, onomat- ‘name’+ planus 平庸的

-Otodesmidae Cook, 1896 耳带马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语oûs 耳朵

-Peridontodesmidae Pocock, 1909 牙周带马陆

Et: περί, perí – 'around'; and ὀδούς, odoús – 'tooth',

-Pratinidae Schubart, 1939 甸马陆科

Et: Latin pratum ‘meadow’

-Prionopeltidae Verhoeff, 1924 锯盾马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语prion, "saw"+πέλτη (péltē, “shield”).

-Pterodesmidae Cook, 1896 翼带马陆科

Et: 来自拉丁pteron ‘wing’

-Scytonotidae Cook & Loomis, 1924 肤马陆科

Et：* scyt-来自希腊语 皮肤

-Sigmocheiridae Causey, 1955 乙状螯马陆科

Et: Greek σῖγμα (sîgma, “the letter Σ”)+ cheír,

-Stiodesmidae Cook, 1896 梯带马陆

Et：*stie-梯

-Strongylosomatidae Cook, 1895 圆体马陆科

Et：来自希腊语strongylos, 意为，圆

-Stylodesmidae Cook, 1895 柱带马陆科

Et: 来自希腊语στῦλος 立柱

-Telonychopodidae Verhoeff, 1951 缺性马陆科

Et: 词源未知，原文描述其缺乏雄性性征

-Thelydesmidae Cook, 1896 雌带马陆科

Et: thēlys "female"

-Trachelorhachidae Silvestri, 1898 脊颈马陆科

Et：τράχηλος （trákhēlos，“脖子” ）+ -rachi

-Xyodesmidae Cook, 1896 反锋带马陆科

Et: 词源不明，原文可能仅仅意在与oxydesmidae 做区分

=Juliformia 蛩形超目 

Et：来自拉丁iūlus 柳絮或者潮虫，其中柳絮为孤例词，更多指的是潮虫，1758年林奈的原描述为“陆生，卵圆形”，更可能意指潮虫。

+Julida 蛩目

Et：见“蛩形超目”

=Blaniuloidea C. L. Koch, 1847 苍蛩超科

Et：来自法语 blanc (“white”).

- Blaniulidae C. L. Koch, 1847 苍蛩科

Et：见“苍蛩超科”

-Galliobatidae Brolemann, 1921 高卢蛩科

Et：地名+bates βάτης ”常至者“、”践踏者“、”爬者“

-Okeanobatidae Verhoeff, 1942 大西洋蛩科

Et：大西洋+ bates βάτης ”常至者“、”践踏者“、”爬者

-Zosteractinidae Loomis, 1943 绅蛩科

Et：腰带

=Juloidea Leach, 1814蛩超科

Et：见“蛩目”

-Julidae Leach, 1814 蛩科

Et：见“蛩目”

-Rhopaloiulidae Attems, 1926 棒蛩科

Et：来自古希腊语ῥόπαλος club +类群名

（无图）

-Trichoblaniulidae Verhoeff, 1911 毛苍蛩科

Et：希腊语：, trikhos头发 +类群名

-Trichonemasomatidae Enghoff, 1991 毛线体蛩科

Et：希腊语：, trikhos头发 +类群名

（无图）

=Nemasomatoidea Bollman, 1893 线体蛩超科

Et：来自希腊语nēma "thread" (genitive nēmatos)

-Chelojulidae Enghoff, 1991 螯蛩科

Et: 来自希腊语χηλή  ( khēlḗ )。chelo (a) – claw

-Nemasomidae Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958 线体蛩科

Et：来自希腊语nēma "thread" (genitive nēmatos)

-Pseudonemasomatidae Enghoff, 1991 拟线体蛩科

Et：Pseudo- 假，拟+类群名

-Telsonemasomatidae Enghoff, 1991 缘线体蛩科

Et：Telson-边缘，+类群名

= Paeromopodoidea Cook, 1895 等足蛩超科

Et：来自原文描述pedum paribus， 表示生殖足和前部足形态相近

-Aprosphylosomatidae Hoffman, 1961 猪体蛩科

Et：*apros, 野猪+ φῦλον （phûlon，“部落、属、种” ）

- Paeromopodidae Cook, 1895 等足蛩科

Et：同“等足蛩超科”

=Parajuloidea Bollman, 1893 副蛩超科

Et：Para-+类群名

-Mongoliulidae Pocock, 1903 蒙古蛩科

Et：地名

-Parajulidae Bollman, 1893 副蛩科

Et： Para- 副

+Spirobolida Bollman, 1893 环山蛩目

Et：来自晚期拉丁spiro- 线圈+ bōlus (“clod of earth, lump”), 

=Rhinocricidea Brölemann, 1913 圆鼻蛩亚目

Et：来自自希腊语rhino-, 结合形式rhis“鼻子”+ kuklos ‘circle’

-Rhinocricidae Brölemann, 1913 圆鼻蛩科

Et: 见“圆鼻蛩亚目”

=Spirobolidea Cook, 1895 环山蛩亚目

Et：见“环山蛩目”

-Allopocockiidae Keeton, 1960 异波氏蛩科

Et: 来自拉丁allo- “其他” + 以纪念多足类学家pocock而命名的pocockia 波氏蛩属

-Atopetholidae Chamberlin, 1918 圣谴蛩科

Et: ”A” 表示否定+ to'-feth (ha-topheth)，意为燃烧之地，在圣经中关联“Tophet”” “他们在欣嫩子谷中建造了陀斐特的祭坛，要在火中焚烧他们的儿女” 传统上，这些祭品被归于一位名叫摩洛的神. 圣经谴责并禁止这些献祭，最终由约西亚王摧毁。

-Hoffmanobolidae Shelley, 2001 霍氏环山蛩科

Et：人名+类群名

-Messicobolidae Loomis, 1968 墨西哥环山蛩科

Et： 地名+类群名

-Floridobolidae Keeton, 1959佛州环山蛩科

Et：地名+类群名

-Pseudospirobolellidae Brölemann, 1913 拟环山蛩科

Et： Pseudo- 拟，伪

-Spirobolellidae Brölemann, 1913 小环山蛩科

Et： ella 小式

-Spirobolidae Bollman, 1893 环山蛩科

Et：见“环山蛩目”

-Typhlobolellidae Hoffman, 1969 盲环山蛩科

Et：Typhlo- 盲

=Trigoniulidea Brölemann, 1913 三角蛩亚目

Et：来自希腊语τρίγωνον (trígōnon, “triangle”)+类群名

-Pachybolidae Cook, 1897 厚环山蛩科

Et：pachy-厚

+Spirostreptida Brandt, 1833 环扭蛩目

Et：Spiro - “coil”  trep- *-tos  "to turn." 

 

=Cambalidea Cook, 1895 梳蛩亚目

Et: *kamb,，梳子， +-ala使该名词成为形容词

=Cambaloidea 梳蛩超科

Et：见“梳蛩亚目”

-Cambalidae Bollman, 1893 梳蛩科

Et：Et：见“梳蛩亚目”

-Cambalopsidae Cook, 1895 梳目蛩科

Et：ópsis, meaning “APPearance” and “sight.”

-Choctellidae Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1950 沼族蛩科

Et: 可能来自分布地区的印第安部族“chactaw”乔科托族，进一步来自于西班牙语中的chato“沼泽”

-Electrocambalidae Moritz & Wesener, 2021（化石科） 琥珀梳蛩科

Et: 源自古希腊语ἤλεκτρον（ḗlektron，“琥珀”）

-Iulomorphidae Verhoeff, 1924 似蛩科

Et: 来自iulus 即”蛩目”类群名+morpha 形

-Pseudonannolenidae Silvestri, 1895 拟侏滑蛩科

Et: pseudo- 拟+类群名（nanos ‘dwarf’+ēnis “柔软，光滑” ）。

=Epinannolenidea 表侏滑蛩亚目

Et：Epi+类群名

（已不再见诸文献，疑似被取消）

=Spirostreptidea 环扭蛩亚目

Et: 见“环扭蛩目”

=Odontopygoidea Attems, 1909 侏齿蛩超科

Et：odonto- 齿+πυγμαῖος (pugmaîos, “mythical dwarf”)

-Atopogestidae Hoffman, 1980 怪蛩科

Et：来自古希腊语atopos (άτοπος), 奇怪的+gestus 承担，携带

（无图）

-Odontopygidae Attems, 1909 侏齿蛩科

Et：见“侏齿蛩超科”

=Spirostreptoidea Pocock, 1894 环扭蛩超科

Et：见“环旋蛩目”

-Harpagophoridae Attems, 1909 携沟蛩科

Et：来自古希腊语 ἁρπάγη (harpágē, “hook”),+ ‑phoros , ‑phoron，承载者

-Spirostreptidae Pocock, 1894 环扭蛩科

Et：见“环扭蛩目”

+Stemmiulida Cook, 1895 冕蛩目

Et：στέμμα  ( stémma )。冠，花环+类群名

-Stemmiulidae Pocock, 1894 冕蛩科

Et: 见“冕蛩目”

Reference:

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