【自用跟读版】新概念2-Lesson 8 The best and the wo
一、单词
competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n.比赛，竞赛；
compete v. 竞争，比赛
compete with/ against sb for …
① I found that competition very interesting, but I don’t now.
②enter for the competition 参加比赛
I entered for the competition.
③ like + competition
Did you like the garden competition last year?
neat /niːt/ adj. 整齐的，整洁的；
① neat+n.
Her house is always neat and clean.
② He always looks very neat and tidy.
③ That’s neat/cool 这很酷
path /pɑːθ/ n. 小径，小道；
① neat path
He has made neat paths.
做句型的变化：横向-时态变化； 纵向-四句型转换
He made a neat path last month.
wooden /ˈwʊdn/ adj. 木制的；
n+en -> adj.
① wooden chair/bridge/spoon/door +v. expression
His house is full of wooden chairs ( A be full of B)
He knocked at the wooden door
He always finds wooden things beautiful
I had breakfast with a wooden spoon.
pool /puːl/ n. 游泳池；池塘，水坑；水池
① swimming pool 游泳池
②句子的结构6123456
He has gone to the swimming pool.
There are a great many swimming pools in Beijing.
二、原文
Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Frith's garden is larger than Joe's. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joe's garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!
三、课文和语法
1. Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town.
形容词前最高级+the 一般有范围中的有比较级和最高级，这里用的in
Kim is the tallest student in the class.
It’s the most exciting movie I have ever watched. (从句表范围)
2. Nearly everybody enters for …
nearly 几乎= almost
Edward nearly/almost missed the flight.
enter for 报名参加（考试，竞赛）
enter for CET6
enter for a beauty contest(选美比赛)
enter + 地点 意思为进入，走进
3. but Joe wins every time.
win 赢，获胜， 一般不接人。对应的反义词是lose
我们常用beat sb. 或 defeat sb. 表示打败某人
win the race/match/a battle/a prize
He always beats me at chess.
近义词：win, obtain, gain, earn, acquire
1）win: 着重指经过努力或占有优势而得到，可与gain互换使用
By her hard work, she won a place for herself.
The teacher quickly won/gained experience.
2)obtain: 指力争得到自己所渴望的东西或达到如意的目的，比get正式
He obtained a large sum of money by buying and selling houses.
3)earn 指通过自身的劳动而获得报酬或因自身功劳而得到荣誉、赞赏
She earned reputation for honesty
He earns his living by playing the piano
4) acquire: 指通过努力而逐渐获得智力、才能等
They have acquired many skills in these few years.
4. Bill Frith’s garden is larger than Joe’s
①n+’s 表示所属关系，构成名词所有格
Mary’s parents
②复数名词以s结尾，后面直接加’
the twins’ parents
the babies’ parents
③不规则名词复数+’s
the children’s parents
④Mary and Tom’s parents 两者共有的，在最后一个后面+’s
Mary’s and Tom’s parents 各自拥有的
⑤名词所有格中，事物第二次提到时，可省略
They aren’t Mary’s parents but Tom’s
Whose parents are they? Mary’s or Tom’s?
5. He has mad neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool.
①make -made-made
build-built-built
make 修建，含义更广泛
build 修建，建筑
The shirt is made in China
② over prep. 从（某物）的右边到另一边，横越
a bridge over the river
run over the field 跑过田野
7. I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town
prize 奖品，奖金 n.
Dave won the first prize in the race.
8.形容词的比较级和最高级
1)用法：
主+be+adj.er + than + 比较对象
The left one is smaller than the right one.
主+ be+the+adj.est+n.+范围
My mon is the kindest person in the world.
主+ be+the+adj.est+n. + I’ve ever met/seen
Yao is the tallest guy I’ve ever seen.
2）规则：
①单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er, -est
hard -harder- hardest
small- smaller- smallest
② 以-e结尾的单音词词前直接加-r, -est
large-larger-largest
③本身重读闭音节的单音节词要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-er, -est （先记成辅音+元音+辅音结构）
big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest
④少数双音节或多音节词通常在前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级
beautiful= more beautiful – the most beautiful
⑤一些不规则形容词的比较级和最高级
good/well-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst
⑥以辅音+y结尾的，变y为i再加-er, -est
busi-busier-busiest
⑦比较级中，如果把所比较的两项都提到，比较级后用介词than
Bill works harder than Joe
⑧最高级限定范围一般用of， among, in 等介词短语
9. 表示时间的介词at, in, on ,during
1） at 主要表示时间点
①用来表示特定的某一时刻
at nine
②用来表示不确定某一时刻
at Easter 在复活节期间
③ 用来表示年龄段
at the age of eight.
2) in 主要用来表示时间段
①一般指在相对较长的一段时间内
in the morning
in spring/summer
a man in his thirties 一个三十几岁的男人
② 可表示在…时间之后/之内 ，通常用在将来时态
He said he would come back in a month.
③in+ 动名词 ： in doing sth
相当于在做… 的过程当中
In working, we can learn a lot
3）on 主要表示具体到某一天
①表示具体的日期和星期
on Monday
on my birthday
② 表示特定的某一天上午、下午、凌晨或半夜等
on the night/morning of December 31, 1999
③表示在第几天
on his first day to school
④on +动名词或名词 on doing sth
相当于在做…的时候或一… 就….
4)during 主要表示在…期间，强调在什么时间过程中发生了什么事情
表示事件发生的过程，不表示在此过程中事件发生的起止时间。for 则表示这件事延续时间的长短，指出了事件发生的开始时间。
My father was in hospital for six weeks during the summer
during 可接事件延续一段时间的名词，如stay， visit，travel等，for不能这样用
during his childhood
10. 不定代词
1）both 的用法
both 两者都，谓语动词要用复数，both 可做主语，宾语，定语和同位语
2)each VS every 每一个，每个
each 强调把人或物一个个加以考虑，强调个别情况，every强调整体或共同性，相当于汉语的“人人都，每个都”
each可做名词或形容词，可充当主语、定语、宾语、同位语。every只能做定语。
each 和every都修饰可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数
3） all 的用法
all意思是全体，所有，一切，所有的；既是名词也是形容词, 可做主语、宾语、定语、状语和同位语
all可指人、物或情况，指人代表两个以上的人，如果作主语，谓语动词要用复数。
指物或情况时，表示所有，一切，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数
all做定语时，可修饰可数或者不可数名词
4)either VS neither
either指两个人或物中的任何一个，表示肯定意义
neither 指两个人或物中的一个也不，哪个都不，表否定意义
either和neither在句中作主语、宾语、定语。做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
四、习惯用法
swimming pool
enter the competition
make a path
That’s neat.
enter for
make a path
build a bridge
win a prize
