2022年12月大学英语四级汉译英预测:和谐号动车组
Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English.
和谐号电力动车组(China Railway High-speed EMU 下文可以简称为CRH)是中国铁路自主创新战略取得的重大成果,标志着中国铁路客运装备的技术水平达到了世界先进水平,它标志着中国铁路对和谐理念的躬身践行,彰显和寄托了铁路人对打造和谐之旅、建设和谐铁路、构建社会主义和谐社会的美好愿望和不懈努力。2007年4月18日早5时38分,时速可达每小时200千米的“和谐号”动车组D460次列车从铁路上海站出发驶往苏州,这是中国第一列正式开行的动车组,也拉开了全国铁路第六次大面积提速的序幕。而随着CRH380A系列动车组的试车成功,中国也成为了世界上少数能够制造极速380KM/H及以上的国家之一。
China Railway High-speed EMU (CRH) is a milestone work of China Railway's independent innovation strategies and mark of China's world-class technology level of passenger railway infrastructures. CRH symbolizes China railway's full hands-on practice and devotion to the ideal of "harmony", exhibits and carries the great aspirations and unremitting pursuits of China's railway workers for a harmonious railway travel experience, a harmonious railway system and a harmonious socialist society. At 5:38 A.M., on April, 18, 2007, a CRH EMU train, with train number D460, with a max speed up to 200km/h, took off from Shanghai Railway Station to Suzhou, becoming China's first commercial High-speed EMU, also marking the beginning of the sixth large-scale nationwide railway speed-up programme. With the successful trial run of the CRH380A EMU series, China joined the minor countries around the world with capabilities of building high-speed trains that can reach a max speed at 380km/h and above.
解析:
1- 重大成果通常可以翻译成great work,也经常听到“里程碑”这一词汇,描述成果时经常表达为“里程碑作品”,所以使用milestone也可以替代great。
2- 中国特色词汇:自主创新战略:independent innovation strategies.
2.1 自主研发的……: … with fully-independent research and development
2.2 自主技术创新: independent technological innovation
2.3 自给自足: self-reliance
2.4 自主知识产权: independent intellectual property rights
2.5 具有完全自主产权的……: … with fully-independent intellectual property rights
3- 装备:equipment, facilities, instruments, infrastructures的区别:
3.1 equipment 偏向于器械,器材,如健身器材,体育器材,办公器材等具体的功能器材,或者是零部件等,比如original equipment原装备件(OEM = original equipment manufacturer)。
3.2 facilities 偏向于非政府或国有级别的公共设施,多为民众级别,如生活设施,购物设施,安全设施等。
3.3 instrument 偏向于乐器,器材,器械等。这一词汇的形容词instrumental是essential的替换词,是important,critical,significant等词汇的升级词汇之一。
3.4 infrastructures 偏向于国有级别的,大型工程项目的全部配套设备。因此翻译本文,采用了infrastructures。
4- 象征着:在初中阶段常使用be a symbol of,其动词形式是symbolize (vt.)。这是考汉译英常见的句子。根据句子的情景可以选择用a symbol of,还是symbolize。比如:“象征着团圆、幸福的甜甜的汤圆,从来都是正月十五不缺席的美食”,可以写作:
4.1 Rice dumplings, with a sweet taste, a symbol of reunion and happiness…
4.2 Rice dumplings, symbolizing reunion and happiness, with a sweet taste…
5- 成语:躬身践行,表示亲身参与的行动,投身其中的行动。可以理解为full practice and devotion。而如果体现“亲身”一词,可以加入hands-on。
6- 不懈的努力往往可以用unremitting pursuit for…
7- 伟大理想往往可以用aspiration,替换dream和vision。比如“勿忘初心”就是“Remain true to our original aspiration.”
附:【Remain true to our original aspiration and bear firm in mind to our missions, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. 不忘初心,牢记使命,高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,决胜全面建成小康社会,夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利】
8- 中国特色词汇:large-scale nationwide railway speed-up programme 全国铁路大规模提速
9- 极少数:minor即可。有能力制造中的“能力”用capabilities而非abilities和competences或capacity。区别在于:
9.1 capabilities多指需要完成一项工程的所有资源的总和,角度更为客观正式。
9.2 abilities 多指主观能动性,为人的主观能力,角度更偏向于个人和小团体。
9.3 competences 多指胜任能力,是否具备胜任一个职位的能力,更具备评判性。
9.4 capacity 多指能力总和,或者逐渐累加最后形成的能力,比abilities更为批判性。