维苏那拉特寺的历史（整理中）

谷歌翻译打了个底，稍微调整了下。但里面还有些更加硬核的东西，有空再慢慢查一查。

History of Wat Visounnarath

The Wat Visounnarath is Luang Prabang's oldest temple. It was originally built on a rice field in 1512 during the reign of King Visounnarath Thibath (aka 'Sir Phou Phay'). The temple is named after the king's name. Legend has it that no less than 4.000 trees were used for the construction of the temple. The That Pathum (aka 'That Makmo') is a large Singhalese tyle stupa located in the northest corner of the temple ground, commissioned by Queen Phan Tee Xieng (King Visounharath's wife). To the north of the Sim, there is a Hokong and a Hochek. The Kuti (monks' residence) of the oldest monk is on the west side and the Kadi of the monk on the Southwest. The most venerated Buddha image in Laos, the Prabang Buddha statue, was enshrined in Wat Visounnarath twice, from 1513 until 1715 and from 1839 until 1894.

The temple was burned down in 1887 when Luang Prabang was largely destroyed and looted by the Black Haw riders. Many of the small Buddha statues were stolen. After the invasion, it was rebuilt by King Khamsouk Sakkarin in 1896. The Wat Xiengthong again the restoration by Luang Prabang Provincial Information, Culture and Tourism Department between 1993 and 2016.

Wat Visounnarath’s main hall (Sim) is a timber and masonry structure. The structure has double roofs. The building is decorated with beautiful stucco and brick carvings and golden stencil paintings on a black background on the interior walls. The roof ridges are adorned with Naga finials. At the center of the roof ridge there is a “Dok Soy Saa”, an ornamental element consisting of 17 miniature stupas covered by parasols. The wooden doors of the Sim are believed to be from the original early 16th century structure. The delicate gilded carvings on the doors depict the Hindu God Vishnu. The porch is covered by a separate roof supported by large white pillars. The wooden balustrades on the windows are similar to those in stone and several of the Khmer temples of Angkor and the Wat Phou Temple in the South of Laos.

The Sim houses the largest Buddha image of Luang Prabang which is 5-meter wide and 64-centimeter high. It also houses an important collection of richly gilded bronze and wooden Buddha images, many of which are up to 400 years old, and some ancient stones dating back to the 15th century.

That Pathum

According to the local legend, the That Pathum, or the Stupa of the Great Lotus, was built in 1514 by Queen Phan Tee Xieng  (King Visounnarath's wife). It was built for covering the pond named Nong Xua. The 35-meter high stupa is also known as That Mak Mo, which means 'Watermelon Stupa', because of the dome at the top that resembles a watermelon. The stupa sits on top of a square platform. On each of its four corners there is a lotus pedestal. When the stupa collapsed in 1917, a number of gold, bronze, crystal, iron and wooden Buddha images from the 15th and 16th centuries were discovered in the crypt by Chao Kom Khoun Duang Chanh and the local people. Later in 1932 the stupa was rebuilt with the support of Chao Kom Khoun Duang Chanh together with the government officers and the local people. Some of the precious images that were discovered are kept in the crypt and the rest of them are now on display in the Luang Prabang National Museum. 维苏纳拉特寺的历史

维苏纳拉特寺Wat Visounnarath 是琅勃拉邦最古老的寺庙。它最初建于一片稻田之上，时间是在1512 年 维苏纳拉特·提拔特国王Visounnarath Thibath（也即“蒲培爵士Phou Phay”）统治时期。该寺庙便是以国王的名字命名。传说建造寺庙使用了至少 4000 棵树。位于寺庙场地的东北角的That Pathum（又名“That Makmo”）是一座大型僧伽罗风格佛塔。该塔由 Phan Tee Xieng 王后（维苏哈拉国王的妻子）委托建造。在主殿（Sim）西以北，有霍孔（Hokong）和霍切克（Hochek）。 最年长僧人的库提Kuti（僧人住所）位于西侧，僧人的卡迪Kadi位于西南侧。 老挝最受尊崇的佛像——勃拉邦佛像，曾于 1513 年至 1715 年和 1839 年至 1894 年两次被供奉在维苏那拉特寺。

1887年，当琅勃拉邦大部分地区被黑山楂骑兵（？）摧毁和洗劫时，寺庙也被烧毁。 许多小佛像被盗。在侵略之后，国王康苏克·萨卡林Khamsouk Sakkarin于1896 年重建了香通寺。此外，1993年至2016年期间，琅勃拉邦省信息、文化和旅游部再次修复了香通寺。

维苏那拉特寺的主殿（Sim）是木石结构。 殿有双层顶，作为殿内装饰吗，内墙黑色背景上有美丽的灰泥和砖雕以及金色模板画。屋脊饰有纳迦尖顶。 屋顶脊的中心有一个“Dok Soy Saa”，这是一个由 17 座遮阳伞覆盖的微型佛塔组成的装饰品。主店木门据信源自16世纪初的原始结构。门上精致的镀金雕刻描绘的是印度教毗湿奴神。门廊覆盖着一个单独的屋顶，由白色的大柱子支撑。 窗户上的木制栏杆与吴哥的几座高棉寺庙和老挝南部的卧佛寺的石栏杆相似。

主殿内供奉着琅勃拉邦最大的佛像，宽 5 米，高 64 厘米。此外，它还藏有大量镀金青铜和木制佛像的重要藏品，其中许多佛像已有 400 年的历史，还有一些可追溯到 15 世纪的古老石头。

巴吞塔That Pathun

根据当地传说，巴吞塔That Pathum 或大莲花佛塔由 Phan Tee Xieng 王后（Visounnarath 国王的妻子）于 1514 年建造。 它是为了覆盖一个名叫农须Nong Xua的池塘而建的。 这座35米高的佛塔也被称为That Mak Mo，意思是“西瓜佛塔”，因为顶部的圆顶形似西瓜。 佛塔坐落在一个方形平台的顶部。其四个角各有一莲花座。1917年佛塔倒塌时，Chao Kom Khoun Duang Chanh和当地人在地窖里发现了许多15和16世纪的金、铜、水晶、铁和木佛像。后来到了1932年，在Chao Kom Khoun Duang Chanh以及政府官员和当地人民的支持下，该佛塔被重建。 一些被发现的珍贵塑像保存在地下室，其余的现在陈列在琅勃拉邦国家博物馆。