八年级下册英语U4单词讲解
1. read n. 读物 reader n. 读者 read v. (read-read-read)
a good read 一本好的读物 an interesting read 一本有趣的读物
some good reads 一些好的读物 do some reading 阅读
2. cooking n. 烹饪，烹调 cook v. 煮 n. 厨师 cooker n. 厨具
do some cooking 烹饪
3. novel (novels) n. 长篇小说 story (stories) n. 故事 write novels 写小说
4. Germany n. 德国 German n. 德国人 adj. 德国的
in Germany Einstein was born in Germany.
a German many Germans a German car
5. knowledge n. 知识 【U】 know-knowledge
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
much knowledge 许多知识 have no knowledge of
6. spare adj. 空闲的；多余的
in one’s spare time = in one’s free time 在某人的空余时间
Do you have a spare ticket? 你有多余的票吗？ spare time for sb
7. French adj. 法国的 Frenchman n. 法国人（Frenchmen） France n. 法国
in France 在法国 come/be from France 来自法国
Hugo （雨果） was a French writer.
8. writer n.作家，作者
Mo Yan is one of the most famous writers in the world.
9. ugly adj. 丑陋的 (uglier ugliest) 反义词：beautiful/good-looking/pretty
Quasimodo(卡西莫多) was an ugly man, but he was very kind.
He looks ugly.
10. touch vt. 感动(move)，触动，触摸
Don’t touch tigers.不要摸老虎。
His story touched me. 他的故事感动了我。
keep in touch with… 与……保持联系
11. against prep. hitting something 紧靠，碰，撞
The ship crashed against the rocks. 船触礁了。
The desk is against the wall. 桌子靠墙放着。 be strongly against doing sth
I’m against his idea. 我反对他的意见。be against sb反对 be for sb
break the law do something against the law 违反法律 play against sb
12. be tired out be very tired 筋疲力尽
You must be tired out after a hard day’s work. 一天辛苦工作之后，你一定累坏了。
be tired of 厌烦 I’m tired of the weather there. 我厌倦那儿的天气。
13. tie v. hold things together with ropes 捆，绑 tie tying
tie sth to Look. He is tying the horse to the tree 看！他正将马栓在树上。
14. over prep. 从一边到另一边
jump over the chair 跳过椅子
15. stomach n. 腹部；胃 stomachs
Sheep have four stomachs. 羊有四个胃。
have a stomachache 胃痛
16. until 直到…为止 till
I will wait until the rain stops. 我将等到雨停。
I did my homework till nine yesterday evening. 我昨晚做作业一直做到九点。
not…until 直到…才
I won’t leave here until the rain stops. 我将直到雨停才离开这儿。
He didn’t go to bed until the TV play was over yesterday. 昨天直到电视剧结束，他才睡觉。
He went to bed after the TV play was over yesterday.
Don’t get off the bus until it stops/ has stopped. 车停了在下车。
17. finger n. 手指 golden finger 金手指
18. tiny adj. very small 极小的 tinier tiniest
The living room is tiny. 客厅极小。
a tiny person 一个小人
19. fall over 摔倒
Mrs White fell over and hurt her leg yesterday. 昨天怀特夫人摔倒了并伤了腿。
fall off the bike / fall down from the bike 从自行车上摔下来
fall ill 病倒 fall asleep 入睡
He fell ill last week. 上周他病倒了。
He has been ill since last week. 自从上周起他就病了。
20. continue(go on) v. keep doing something 继续
continue his study 继续他的学业
continue doing sth continue to do sth
He fell over, but soon got up again and continued running as fast as he could.
他跌倒了，然而又很快站起来，继续尽力向远处跑去。
21. either 也 (用在否定句句末）
He is a doctor too. (改为否定句)
He isn’t a doctor either.
If you don’t go there tomorrow, I won’t go either. （neither will I.）如果明天你不去那儿，我也不去。
either 两者之中任一个的；两者之中任一个，随便哪一个
There are trees on either / each side of the street.
There are trees on both sides of the street. 街道两边有树。
What would you like, tea or coffee?
Either is OK. I don’t mind.
either...or...要么...要么...;或者...或者... (就近原则）
Either you or he is right.
22. manage (finish what you have tried to do) 设法完成，管理 manager 经理
manage to do sth.设法完成做某事 =be successful in doing sth. = succeed in doing sth
do sth successfully
manage to break the rope 设法将绳子弄断
How did you manage to go home? 你是如何设法回家的？
manage a company 管理一家公司
23. lift vt. 举起，抬高， 提高 =raise/put up
lift my hands into the air 把我的手举起放在空气里
n. 电梯
go up and down by lift / in a lift 乘电梯上下楼
get into/ out of a lift 进出电梯
24. army 大批， 大群 join the army
a huge army of tiny people 一大群小人
An army of bees are flying around. 一群蜜蜂到处飞着。
25. must 应该， 必须， 一定
We must work hard at all our lessons.（主观上要做这件事）
There was something with my bike. I had to go home on foot. (客观上需要做这件事)
We mustn’t shout in the reading room. (mustn’t 表示 “禁止”)
---Must I finish the work today? ---Yes, you must. No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to.
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。
Where is Nick? I’m sure. He may be in the library. (可能)
He has gone to Nanjing. He can't be at home now. (不可能)
26. unable 不能的， 不会的 反 able
be unable \ able to do 没\有能力做某事 can’t do sth couldn’t do sth
I am unable to help you. I know little about it. 我没能力帮助你，我对它了解很少。
27. shoulder 肩膀
on one’s shoulder 在某人的肩上
shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩 side by side 肩并肩地； 一起 hand in hand手拉手
28. hand 交， 递， 给
hand in 上交， 递交 hand it / them in
The paper is very important. You must hand it in now. 这份试卷很重要，你必须现在把它交上来
29. and so on 等等
She spends her day doing housework, watching television, reading and so on.
她以做家务、看电视、看书等等度过一天。
30. review n. 评论 the reviews about the book书评 the reviews about the film 影评
31. return vt. 归还 give sth back to …
return the magazine to me give the magazine back to me
Return to China come back to China
32. on time 准时 按时
arrive at school on time准时到校 hand in one’s homework on time按时交作业
33. renew vt. 续借；更新；重新开始
renew books / a game / the website 续借书 / 重新开始游戏 / 更新网站
34. series n.一系列；系列节目
TV series电视剧 The book is made up of a series of stories.这本书由一系列的故事组成。
35. publish vt. 出版 publish books 出版书 all the publishing houses所有的出版社
36. refuse vt. 拒绝；回绝 refuse to do sth.
She refused their invitation.她拒绝了他们的邀请。
He refused to change his idea.他拒绝改变主意。
37. so far 到目前为止 We have learned three units so far / by now. 目前我们学了三个单元。
38. success n. 成功
The book is a great success.
bring us success
successful adj. be successful in doing sth.=do sth. successfully成功地做某事
He is successful in swimming across the river. 他成功地游过了河。
39. translate vt. 翻译 translate the letter into English把这封信翻译成英文
40. sales n. 销售量 on sale在出售 for sale供出售
Our sales go up by 5% every year.我们的销售额每年上升5%。
41. copy n. 一本（份，册）；副本 a copy of magazine copy others’ answers抄别人的答案
42. Canadian adj. 加拿大（人）的 a Canadian writer come from Canada
43. at a time每次，依次 one at a time
44. online adv. 在线， 联网 shop online take an online tour
45. sail vt. & vi. 航行 sail the sea to look for treasure
go sailing a ship with many sails
46. hidden adj. 隐藏的 hidden danger hidden trouble隐患
47. confidence n. 信心 confident adj.
give me a lot of confidence
built up confidence. 树立信心
48. experience n. 经历，经验
have exciting experiences What an exciting experience!
She is a housewife of experience. 她是一位有经验的家庭主妇。
49. advice n. 建议，忠告， 劝告 a piece of advice
Can you give me some advice? 你能给我一些建议吗？
The doctor advised him to give up smoking. (advise sb to do sth)
50. librarian n. 图书管理员 a friendly librarian.
51. habit n. 习惯
write about your reading habits form a good habit 养成好习惯
52. classical adj. 古典的 classical music 古典音乐 classical art 古典艺术
53. opposite prep. 在……对面；与……相反
His house is opposite mine.他家在我家对面。
opposite side 对边 opposite direction 相反的方向
We have opposite views on this. 我们对此事的看法相反。
54. open up 开启，开创，开辟 open up the market 开拓市场
He decided to open up a business in this city. 他决定在这个城市开一家企业。
Good books open up a whole new world to us.
