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已知结论的n次方(2020课标Ⅱ导数)

2022-10-16 13:17 作者:数学老顽童  | 我要投稿

(2020课标Ⅱ,21)已知函数f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%3D%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Csin%20%202x.

(1)讨论f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20在区间%5Cleft(%200%2C%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright)%20的单调性;

(2)证明:%5Cleft%7C%20f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D

(3)设n%5Cin%20%5Cmathbf%7BN%7D%5E*,证明:

%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Csin%20%5E22x%5Csin%20%5E24x%5Ccdots%20%5Csin%20%5E22%5Enx%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5En%7D%7B4%5En%7D

解:(1)求导,得

%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%09%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7Bf'%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%7D%26%3D2%5Csin%20x%5Ccdot%20%5Ccos%20x%5Ccdot%20%5Csin%202x%2B%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Ccdot%20%5Ccos%202x%5Ccdot%202%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D2%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Cleft(%20%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%2B2%5Csin%20%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Cleft(%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7B3%7D-2%5Csin%20%20x%7D%20%5Cright)%5C%5C%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

f'%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%3D0,得x%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D,或x%3D%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D

x%5Cin%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft(%200%2C%5Cfrac%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D%20%5Cright)%20%7Df'%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%3E0f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cnearrow%20%7D

x%5Cin%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D%2C%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D%20%5Cright)%20%7Df'%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%3C0f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csearrow%20%7D

x%5Cin%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D%2C%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright)%20%7Df'%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%3E0f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csearrow%20%7D

(2)由(1)知,f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Cleft%5B%200%2C%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright%5D

极大值为f%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D%20%5Cright)%20%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D

极小值为f%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B2%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D%7B3%7D%20%5Cright)%20%3D-%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D

又因为f%5Cleft(%200%20%5Cright)%20%3Df%5Cleft(%5Cpi%5Cright)%3D0

f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Cleft%5B%200%2C%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright%5D

最大值为%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D,最小值为-%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D

%5Cforall%20x%5Cin%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft%5B%200%2C%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright%5D%7D%5Cleft%7C%20f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D.

又因为

%5Cbegin%7Baligned%7D%0A%09%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7Bf%5Cleft(%20x%2B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright)%20%7D%26%3D%5Csin%20%5E2%5Cleft(%20x%2B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5Csin%20%5Cleft(%202x%2B2%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Cright)%5C%5C%0A%09%26%3D%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Csin%202x%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%3Df%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%7D%5C%5C%0A%5Cend%7Baligned%7D

所以f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20最小正周期为%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cmathrm%7B%5Cpi%7D%7D

所以%5Cforall%20x%5Cin%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cmathbf%7BR%7D%7D%5Cleft%7C%20f%5Cleft(%20x%20%5Cright)%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D,证毕.

(3)由(2)知:

%5Cforall%20x%5Cin%20%5Cmathbf%7BR%7D%5Cleft%7Cf%5Cleft(x%5Cright)%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5Csqrt%7B3%7D%7D%7B8%7D%3D%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D.

所以:

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Csin%20%202x%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D,

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%5E22x%5Csin%20%204x%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D,

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%5E24x%5Csin%20%208x%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D,

……

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%5E22%5E%7Bn-1%7Dx%5Csin%20%202%5Enx%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D

上述%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7Bn%7D式相乘,得

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csin%20%5E2x%7D%5Csin%20%5E32x%5Csin%20%5E34x%5Ccdots%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csin%20%202%5Enx%7D%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5En%7D%7B4%5En%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D

所以

%5Cfrac%7B%5Cleft%7C%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csin%20%5E3x%7D%5Csin%20%5E32x%5Csin%20%5E34x%5Ccdots%20%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Csin%20%5E32%5Enx%7D%20%5Cright%7C%7D%7B%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%20x%5Csin%20%5E22%5Enx%20%5Cright%7C%7D%7D%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5En%7D%7B4%5En%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D

又因为%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%20x%5Csin%20%5E22%5Enx%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%201%7D,所以

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B3%7Dx%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B3%7D2x%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B3%7D4x%5Ccdots%20%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B3%7D2%5Enx%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5En%7D%7B4%5En%7D%20%5Cright)%20%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D

所以

%5Cleft%7C%20%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B2%7Dx%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B2%7D2x%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B2%7D4x%5Ccdots%20%5Csin%20%5E%5Ccolor%7Bred%7D%7B2%7D2%5Enx%20%5Cright%7C%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5En%7D%7B4%5En%7D

自然也有

%5Csin%20%5E2x%5Csin%20%5E22x%5Csin%20%5E24x%5Ccdots%20%5Csin%20%5E22%5Enx%5Cleqslant%20%5Cfrac%7B3%5En%7D%7B4%5En%7D

证毕.

已知结论的n次方(2020课标Ⅱ导数)的评论 (共 条)

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