维多利亚3开发日志#25 | 11/25 战争的代价（第二部分）
牧游社 牧有汉化翻译
Victoria 3 - Dev Diary #25 - The Cost of War (Part-2)
lachek Victoria 3 Lead Designer
（篇幅所限，前半部分请移步上篇。）
A very tangible cost is of course the actual money you are spending on military goods for mobilized troops in the field. While Barracks consume military goods at all times in proportion to the number of Battalions it supports, units that are mobilized consume twice the normal maintenance level of goods. Not only does this double the quantity you need to buy, it also puts a lot of additional demand on the goods, raising the price-per-unit as well. As long as they can keep their production levels steady, your domestic Arms Industries, Munition Plants, and War Machine Industries will see profits skyrocket off of this increased consumption of your mobilized troops.
当然了，一个非常有形的花费就是你为了动员部队上战场买军用品花的真金白银。虽然兵营一直都会根据它支持的营数量按比例消耗军用品，但已经动员起来的单位维护所需商品会是平常的两倍。这不仅让你需要购买的量翻倍，也会增加许多额外的商品需求，提高每单位的价格。只要你国内的武器工业、弹药厂、战争机械工业等能让生产水平保持稳定，随着你动员的部队消耗激增，他们的利润也会跟着飞涨。
This also means other nations - allies or neutral parties - will see the sudden benefit of exporting arms to you. If you normally export military goods to others you may wish to cancel these routes to keep prices down, while if neutral parties import arms from you this may be a good time to Embargo (or at least Tariff) these goods. Every little bit helps your treasury and ultimately your frontline troops.
这也意味着其他国家——同盟或是中立国——将会立即见到向你出口武器的好处。如果你通常向其他国家出口军用品，你可能会希望取消这些线路来降低军用品的价格，而如果中立国从你的国家进口武器，这会是禁运这些商品的好机会（至少加关税）。每一小步都会有助于你的财政状况并最终利好你的前线部队。
Trade routes criss-crossing the ocean are susceptible to your enemy's Convoy Raiding fleets. Until a patrol discovers them and sends them to home base for repairs, such a fleet can do considerable damage both to your supply network as a whole (affecting all Trade Routes as well as the supply of overseas Generals) and to some shipping lanes in particular, possibly crippling your country's access to strategic goods like Small Arms or hard-to-find imports such as Radios. Compromising a country's access to industrial, luxury, or even staple goods can also be devastating to their ability to stay in the war, as we will learn more about next week!
纵横交错于大洋中的贸易路线很容易受到敌方袭掠舰队的袭击。直到巡逻舰队发现他们并把他们揍回舰队基地修理之前，这样一支袭掠舰队能对你的整个供给网络（影响所有的贸易路线与海外将军的供给）特别是对一些航道造成相当大的损害，可能会削弱你的国家获得战略资源的能力：如轻武器，和诸如电台这样难以找到的进口物品。破坏一个国家获得工业品、奢侈品甚至日常用品同样可以对其保持战争的能力进行破坏，我们下周将会提到。
Convoy Raiding fleets can also damage connections to overseas markets, for example by compromising the East India Company's connection to London. This could potentially devastate the economies of clusters of dozens of states who may have come to rely on such a connection to survive, particularly if their economies aren't locally well-balanced but relying on cash crops or specialized manufacturing.
袭掠舰队也可以破坏与海外市场的联系，例如，破坏东印度公司与伦敦的联系。这可能会破坏当地十几个地区的经济，这些地区依赖这些联系生存，尤其是如果他们的经济在当地并不平衡，而是依赖于经济作物或是专门的制造业的话。
Many countries rely on foreign trade to supply them not only with the additional arms they require during wartime, but also the consumer goods required to keep morale up on the home front in this difficult time. Ending up on the opposite side of your trading partners during Diplomatic Plays could be catastrophic for the war effort. On this screenshot we can see the British used to supply the Ottomans with 100 units of Artillery each week, but with Great Britain now siding with Russia they will have to try to find a new trading partner as soon as possible - or try to hold the Russians off despite an Artillery shortage. Another potential crisis the Ottomans have to deal with is the imminent stoppage of a smaller amount of Liquor and enormous quantities of Luxury Clothes, at least the latter of which is prone to make many wealthy Pops feel this war might carry too high a price.
许多国家依赖于海外贸易。海外贸易不仅为其供给战时所需的额外武器，同样也提供需要在这一困难时期为后方保持士气的消费品。在外交博弈中与你的贸易伙伴站对边可能会对战争是灾难性的。从这一截图中我们能看出英国曾向奥斯曼提供100单位的火炮，但现在大不列颠选了俄国一边。奥斯曼不得不尽快寻找一个新的贸易伙伴——或者尽可能在火炮短缺的情况下拖住俄国人。另一潜在的危机是奥斯曼不得不处理即将断供的少量酒和大量奢侈服装，至少后者会让许多富有的Pops感觉这场战争代价太高。
(on this screenshot we can also see some suspiciously round numbers of Available vs Required Convoys - these are currently placeholder values, which will be replaced with values properly scaled to the number of units traded across the number of nodes)（在这张截图中我们也可以看到运输船的可用和需求的大致数量，这些数字现在还是占位符，之后将被替换为与各节点交易单位数量相匹配的数值。）
The goods, technologies, and in some cases Laws you have access to practically limit which military Production Methods you have available to you. These determine the composition of your army and navy and include both "upgrades" and "options". As always, this list is not finalized but represents what is in the current build of the game only.
你能使用的商品、科技，某些情况下还有法律，实际上限制了你能使用的军事生产方式。这些决定了你的军队和海军的组成，也包括“升级”和“选择”。一如既往，这份清单并没有最终确定，只是代表了目前游戏版本中的内容。
Your Infantry Organization Production Methods govern the organization and doctrines of your army's core fighting force. They consume mostly Small Arms and Ammunition and include Irregular, Line, Skirmish, Trench, and Squad Infantry. Offense, Defense, and Training Rate are the most commonly affected attributes.
你的步兵组织Infantry Organization生产方式决定了你的军队中核心战斗力的学说和理论。他们消耗大部分轻武器和弹药，包括非正规军、线列步兵、小规模步兵、战壕步兵与步兵班。进攻、防御和训练率是最常受影响的属性。
Artillery Support Production Methods consume expensive Artillery and Ammunition to boost the Offense, Morale Damage, Kill Rate, and Devastation attributes of the Battalions. Cannons, Mobile, Shrapnel, and Siege Artillery are represented.
火炮支援Artillery Support生产方式消耗昂贵的火炮和弹药，以提高各营的进攻、士气伤害、致死率和破坏力。代表火炮有大炮、机动炮、霰弹炮和攻城炮。
Your Battalions' Mobility options affect their ability to get around and scout the terrain, impacting their ability to do damage during an Offense and capture larger amounts of territory at the conclusion of a won battle. Cavalry forces are the default, which can eventually be supplemented with Bicycle Messengers, and after the turn of the century Aerial Reconnaissance or even an Armored Division supplied by late-game War Machines Industries producing Aeroplanes and Tanks.
你营的机动性Mobility选择会影响他们移动和侦察地形的能力，同时影响他们在进攻中造成的伤害和战斗胜利后占领更多的领土。骑兵部队是默认的，最后可能会发展成用自行车通信员补充，在世纪之交后甚至可以用游戏后期由战争机械工业生产的飞机和坦克来进行空中侦察甚至部署装甲部队。
Your standing army can unlock various Specialist Companies for Barracks to focus on. These include Machine Gunners, Infiltrators, Flamethrower Companies, and Chemical Weapon Specialists. These specialists consume various goods to inflict quite specific effects.
你的正规军可以为兵营解锁各种专注于特定领域的专业连Specialist Companies。这些连包括机枪连、渗透连、火焰喷射连和化学武器专家。这些专业人士消耗各种物品达到相当特别的效果。
Medical Aid determines what sort of battlefield medicine your troops have access to, from the default of Wound Dressing, through First Aid, to fully fledged Field Hospitals. These consume Fabric and Opium to treat the sick and wounded to minimize the casualties inflicted by attrition and combat alike.医疗援助Medical Aid决定了你的部队能得到什么样的战场医疗，从默认的伤口包扎、到急救、再到成熟的野战医院。这些医疗手段消耗布料和鸦片来治疗病人和伤员，以减少损耗和战斗造成的伤亡。
Similarly, Naval Bases also consume goods to produce Flotillas with different attributes. These are due for a design pass so I won't go into details which are prone to change anyway. But in broad strokes, the fundamental Production Method determines the class of the central vessel that defines each Flotilla: is this a Man-o-War, Ironclad, Monitor, Dreadnought, or Battleship? In addition to the class of your central vessel, do you have Submarines or even Aeroplane Carriers accompanying your fleet? All these have pros and cons for different types of missions, letting you specialize your fleet for protecting or attacking trade routes, performing naval invasions, or blockading ports.
同样，海军基地也会消耗货物以生产不同属性的舰队Flotillas。这些还需要进一步的设计，因此我不会深入细节，反正这些细节很容易改动的。但是大体上，基础的生产方式决定了定义每只舰队的中心船只级别：是风帆舰、铁甲舰、装甲重炮舰、无畏舰还是战列舰？除了中心船只的级别，你是否拥有潜艇，或者甚至是随行你的舰队的水上飞机母舰？对于不同类型的任务，所有的船只都有利有弊，让你特化自己的舰队用于保护或攻击贸易路线、实施海上入侵或是封锁港口。
If you've paid especially close attention you might now ask: we know you must mobilize your army and Generals to see effective use of them in wartime, but what about mobilizing your navy and Admirals? In fact, navies are considered to always be ready and in active service and do not need mobilization. You also cannot recruit conscripts to start manning your warships just as a war breaks out, for obvious reasons. This means expanding and upgrading your navy is both a long-term process and a long-term investment. Navies are excellent at Projecting Power however, so while an impressive navy might not be particularly useful outside of armed conflict it will at least grant you considerable Prestige even as it burns its way through your treasury.
如果你特别关心，你现在也许会问：我们知道在战争中必须动员陆军和将军，以便他们能被有效地使用。但是动员你的海军和海军上将呢？事实上，海军被视作时刻准备好的，并且积极服役，不需要动员。出于明显的原因，你也无法在战争爆发的时候才征募士兵为你的战舰补充人员。这意味着扩充和升级你的海军是长期过程和长期投资。然而，海军在力量投射上尤为出色，因此虽然一支强大的海军在武力冲突之外也许不是特别有用，它至少可以给你带来客观的威望——即便它正在耗光你的国库。
Since navies do not cost any more during war than in peace you may as well use them! You can set up most Orders for your Admirals any time, even while at peace. Once they spot ships flying hostile flags they will take action automatically.
既然海军在战争中不比和平时花费更多，因此你不妨使用海军！你可以在任何时候为你的海军上将发布命令——甚至是在和平时期。一旦他们发现了升有敌国旗帜的船只，会自动执行行动。
A less direct cost of war which nonetheless can have severe consequences is Devastation. This reflects direct damage to an entire state and its infrastructure caused by battles transpiring in that state. Particularly large degrees of Devastation is inflicted by battles involving heavy and sustained artillery barrages. Devastation directly impacts Infrastructure and thereby Market Access, making the state economically unsustainable. It also tends to cause migration away from the state, an increase in Pop mortality, and other very detrimental effects. After the war this damage will be gradually reversed, but this rebuilding effort can take a long time and cause a lot of economic upheaval in the process.
战争的一个不那么直接、但有严重后果的成本是荒废度Devastation。荒废度反映了发生在一个地区内的战斗给这个地区和基础设施带来的直接损失。特别是在涉及重型和持续炮击的战斗中，荒废度尤为严重。荒废度直接影响基础设施和当地的市场接入度，导致地区经济难以维持。荒废度也可能导致人口流出当地、人口死亡率上升，以及其他不利的影响。战争后，损害会逐渐修复，但重建工作需要很长时间，并且在过程中带来大量经济动荡。
Wallachia and surroundings before and after substantial Devastation has been inflicted on the region. Numbers are, as always, a work in progress.遭受重大荒废之前和之后的瓦拉几亚及周边地区。和往常一样，数值仍在施工中。
Finally, of course, there is the human cost of war. Some wars end with only a few hundred casualties on both sides; some wars claim millions of lives with no peace deal in sight. In Victoria 3 it is your actual population who fight and die for your causes - the same population that harvest your fields and work at your assembly lines, who vote for their preferred party or rebel against your enlightened rule, who learn to read and write or pack up and move in search of greener pastures.
当然，最后是战争的人力成本，一些战争双方仅仅以几百人的伤亡就宣告结束，但一些战争夺去了数百万人的生命，却依旧看不到和平的可能性。在维多利亚3中，为你的事业奋斗和牺牲的是你的人口——这些人口也在你的田野中收获、在你的流水线上工作，他们为自己喜爱的政党投票、反对你的开明统治，他们学习读和写，收拾行装迁徙以寻求更丰美的牧场。
Many men fall in battle of course, but more commonly they perish on the way to the battle, or after the battle, whether from disease, starvation, infections, or exposure. Simply mobilizing your forces to the front will increase their risk of dying or suffering lifelong disability. To counteract this you can research and invest in good frontline medical care, or favor Generals with proven ability to reduce such needless casualties.
当然会有许多人牺牲在战场上，但更常见的是死在前往战场的路上，或是在战斗后死去——不论是因为疾病、饥饿、感染还是冻伤。仅仅调动你的部队开往前线就会提高他们死亡或事终生残疾的风险。为了应对，你可以研究并投资于良好的前线医疗服务，或者偏爱那些被证明善于减少无谓伤亡的将领。
Those casualties who do not recover from their injuries and return to the frontline will either return home as Dependents or die outright. As a result of both of these effects, after a major war your Pops are likely to consist of an outsized proportion of Dependents to Workforce. While this will self-adjust over time (especially if birth rate is high) there may well be a post-war period where you're forced to deal with a large portion of your population not being economically productive. It's in cases like these you'll be glad you've enacted a good Pension System to ease this impact during the recovery period.
那些没能从受伤中康复并返回前线的伤员，要么以受抚养者Dependents的身份归乡，要么当场死亡。由于这两方面的影响，在大战后，你的Pop会有一个过高的受抚养者-劳动力比例。虽然随着时间推移，这个问题会自行调节（特别是在出生率很高的情况下），但在战后的一段时间内，你也许要不得不处理你的人口中很大的部分没有经济生产力的问题。在这种情况下，你会很高兴你建立了一个良好的养老金制度，来缓解恢复期的影响。
In closing and to reiterate, Victoria 3 emphasizes the cost of war for several reasons, including:
最后要重申的是，出于以下的原因，维多利亚3强调战争的成本：
It raises the stakes and thus increases the payoff for solving conflicts diplomatically
它提高了战争的赌注，因此通过外交途径解决冲突更加有利可图。
It creates meaningful economic interplays between the economy and military, increasing the need to prepare and build a reliable "engine"
它在经济和军事之间创造了有意义的经济互动，增加了准备和建设一个可靠“引擎”的需要。
It enables cost/benefit analysis as a strategic tool, making the best strategist not necessarily the one that uses overwhelming force but the one that uses just enough force to get what they want
它使得成本收益分析成为战略工具。最好的战略家不一定是滥用武力的人，而是仅仅通过恰当的力量获得想要的东西的人。
Next week we will learn more about how you can leverage the effects of these exorbitant costs by making Peace Deals favoring you look relatively attractive to your opponent. Until then!
下周我们将会了解如何利用这些高昂的成本使得你的敌人接受对你有利的和平协议Peace Deals。到时候见！
翻译：没有V3玩我要死了 AntiAccess 口袋姚怪 Akiren
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