Lesson 25 Do the English speak English

·单词

railway n.    铁路

    ·railway station    火车站

    ·train station    火车站

porter n.    搬运工

several quantifier（量词）    几个

    ·several times    几次

    ·several    people    几个人

foreigner n.    外国人

    ·foreign adj.    外国的，外国人的

    ·a foreign language    一门外语

wonder v.    感到奇怪

    ·wonder 本身有以下两个含义

    ·feel surprised    感到惊讶：当遇到出乎意料的事情或信息时，产生的一种情感反应

    ·want to know    想要知道：表示对某个信息或知识点感兴趣，希望了解更多详情

    ·wonder n.    奇观，奇迹

        ·seven wonders    七大奇迹

·本课句型

·句子的分类（按照结构划分）

1.简单句

2.并列句（多件事一样重要）

    ·含义：多件事                一样重要.

    ·写法：多个简单句        用并列连词连接

    ·并列句 —— 并列连词

        1.顺接（事和事顺着说下去）

            ... and .../both ... and ...

            not only ... but ... as well

            not only ... but also ...

            not only ... but ...

        2.转折（前后两件事，后面的事对于前面的事来说是出乎意料的）

            ... but ...              

            ... yet ...

        3.选择

            ... or .../either ... or ...（二选一）

            neither ... nor ...    既不 ... 也不 ...（两个都不选）

        4.因果

            ... for ...（因为）

            ... so ...（所以）

    ·练习

        ·She locked the door,____she was afraid of thieves.（for，说明她关门的原因）

        ·I did not know the way to my hotel,____I asked a porter.（so，因为我不知道，所以我去问了）

        ·My brother bought her a gift____she accepted it.（and，单纯说明两件连续的事）

        ·Then he spoke slowly,____I could not understand him.（but，他说的很慢了，正常来说我们应该听懂了，但是，后面说自己还是不懂，转折）

        ·____you hurry up,____you will be late.（either ... or 或者直接在后面那句话前使用 or，要么你快点，要么你迟到，选择）

    ·并列举的特点：

        ·相同的可以省略，余下的保持不变

        ·I ran to the station.    I missed the bus.

            ·I ran to the station but I missed the bus.（相同的不想省略也可以不省）

            ·I ran to the station but missed the bus.（主语相同，可以进行省略）

        ·I spoke English very carefully.    I spoke English very clearly.

            ·I not only spoke English very carefully, but I spoke English very clearly as well.

            ·I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.（主语和谓语相同，都可以省略）

        ·He did not speak English.    I did not speak English.

            ·Neither he nor I spoke English.（neither ... nor ... 自带有否定的含义，所以去掉了did not，动词 speak 担任谓语变为过去时 spoke 表现时态 ）

3.复合句（多件事不一样重要）

·课文

    I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me; I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each man speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them! Do they speak English?

at last    终于

arrive in ...    到达里面

arrive at ...    到达一个点

black    表示颜色上的黑，dark    表示光线上的暗

not only ... but ... as well = not only ... but also ...    不但 ... 而且 ... 

the English    英国人，与定冠词连用，表示一个群体，所跟的动词用复数

neither ... nor ...    既不 ... 也不 ...

like that    像那样一样（like prep.    像，如同）

eacher other    彼此，互相：表示两个或多个人或事物之间的相互关系或相互作用。

·知识拓展

并列句练习

- Would you like to go to the concert with me?

- I'd love to,____I’m afraid I have no time.

A.so

B.or

C.and

D.but

(中考真题)

D，我想去，但是，我怕没时间

These story books for children are awfully written.

They are____interesting____exciting. .

A.either; or

B.neither; nor

C.both; and

D.not only; but also

(中考真题)

B，这些故事书给小孩子是很可怕的，他们既不也不

You have to move out of the way____the truck cannot get past you.

A.so 

B.or 

C.and

D.but

(高考真题)

B，or 有否则的意思

合并成并列句练习:

I knocked at the door.    He did not open it. (but)

    I knocked at the door, but he did not open it.（加逗号可以使句子前后句更明显）

He must be mad.    He must be very wise. (either... or ...)

    He must be either mad or very wise.

My sister went shopping.    I went shopping. (both... and...)

    Both my sister and I went shopping.

We got very tired.    We got very hungry. (not only.. but.. as well)

    We got not only very tired but very hungry as well.

It was three o' clock.    We could not get lunch.    We had a cup of coffee.

    It was three o' clock, and we could not get lunch, so we had a cup of coffee.

I wash my face.    I brush my teeth.    I comb my hair every morning.

    I wash my face and brush my teeth and comb my hair every morning.

    I wash my face, brush my teeth, and comb my hair every morning.（主语相同可以省主语，并列连词相同可以省并列连词，不过要用逗号代替，留下最后一个and。严格的语法：最后一个 and 前的逗号不能省略，省略会产生歧义，下面例句说明）

        I wash my face, brush my teeth and comb my hair every morning.（省略逗号后意思就是，我先洗脸，然后刷牙和梳我的头发，如果加上逗号，那意思就是一件一件的做，我先洗脸，然后刷牙，再然后梳我的头发）