【搬运+机翻】十六世纪威尼斯海洋领地的守卫：船舶设计、海军工程与新式长船（下）
（接上）
Among the crew there were the professional rowers in the galley of Francesco Bondumier, “who just arrived in Venice from Istria, and he wants a new galley, and his crew temporarily went aboard the quinquereme”.61 Amid general skepticism, the quinquereme had been launched, but the Doge and the Superintendents and Patrons of the Arsenal were still concerned about its speed. Therefore, it was decided to test the quinquereme in a race with a light galley, and to determine whether the great size and heavy armament compromised the claimed qualities of the quinquereme. The race against the light galley Cornera was held on 23 May off of the island of Lido, just two days after the quinquereme’s launching in the Canal. Sanuto wrote an enthusiastic report celebrating Fausto for this revival of Greek science:
After lunch, since today was the day fixed for testing the rowing system of the quinquereme, the latter, together with the light galley under captain sier Marco Corner, son of sier Piero from Saint Marguerite, sailed toward Malamoco, the starting point [of the race] from where they would have begun the race, rowing against one another to see who would have been the faster. Therefore, after vespers His Serenity invited all the ambassadors, except those from Urbino and Mantua, and with their boats and accompanied by many nobles, among which was sier Vetor Morexini, they went to the castle called Castel Nuovo, where seats had been prepared under a cover from the sun. And there were an infinite number of boats outside the two castles and throughout the Canal … and many people from Padua and from Chioggia aboard many ships, and today some gondolas have been paid eight or ten lire just to see such a thing. I saw many ladies in boats, and the Procurators, and finally the Most Reverend Cardinal Pisani with the Archbishop of Nicosia and with D. Lippomano from Padua. Now, at the fixed hour, when the signal was given, the said galleys came rowing, racing one against the other, and in front rowed the [light galley] Cornera, but when they had almost arrived at the castles, the quinquereme was on the outside, and the Cornera hugged the land so close that the quinquereme passed it in front of His Serenity and so came ahead, rowing as far as Saint Mark, with so many boats in the Canal, and sails of large barks and fishing boats that it seemed like an armada. It was most beautiful to see. This quinquereme has great power in its oars, but the benches are a little more angled compared to those of the other light galleys, so that Vetor Fausto, the author who designed it, will be immortal.
在船员中，有弗朗西斯科-邦杜米埃（Francesco Bondumier）的船队中的专业划手，"他刚从伊斯特拉抵达威尼斯，他想要一艘新的船，他的船员暂时登上了五桅帆船"。61 在普遍的怀疑声中，五桅帆船已经下水，但总督和兵工厂的主管和赞助人仍然担心它的速度。因此，他们决定在与轻型帆船的比赛中测试五桅帆船，以确定巨大的尺寸和重型武器是否会影响五桅帆船所声称的品质。5月23日，在利多岛附近举行了与轻型帆船Cornera的比赛，就在五桅帆船在运河下水的两天后。萨努托写了一份热情洋溢的报告，赞扬福斯托对希腊科学的复兴：
午餐过后，由于今天是测试五角帆船的划船系统的固定日子，后者与来自圣玛格丽特的皮耶罗之子、船长马可-科纳的轻型帆船一起，驶向马拉莫科，即[比赛]的起点，他们将从那里开始比赛，互相划船，看看谁会更快。因此，晚祷之后，陛下邀请了所有的大使，除了来自乌尔比诺和曼图亚的大使，他们带着他们的船，在许多贵族的陪同下，其中包括Sier Vetor Morexini，他们来到了名为Castel Nuovo的城堡，那里已经准备好了遮阳的座位。在这两座城堡外和整个运河上有无数的船......还有许多来自帕多瓦和基奥贾的人，在许多船上，今天有些贡多拉被支付了8或10里拉，只是为了看到这样的事情。我看到许多女士在船上，还有检察官，最后是最尊敬的红衣主教皮萨尼和尼科西亚大主教以及来自帕多瓦的D.Lippomano。现在，在规定的时间内，当信号发出后，上述帆船划来，一前一后地比赛，前面划着[轻型帆船]Cornera，但当他们几乎到达城堡时，五角帆船在外面，而Cornera紧紧地拥抱着陆地，五角帆船在塞纳阁下面前经过，于是走在前面，一直划到圣马克，运河里有这么多船，还有大树和渔船的帆，似乎像一支舰队。这是最美丽的景象。这艘五桅帆船的船桨力量很大，但与其他轻型帆船相比，长椅的角度更大一些，因此设计它的作者韦托尔-福斯托将是不朽的。
The race between the quinquereme and the galley Cornera is echoed in a letter dated 29 May 1529, which was written by Pietro Bembo (1470-1547) and addressed to Giovan Battista Ramusio (1485-1557):
I was extremely glad to read the good news you wrote me in your past exultant and joyful letter about the success and victory of our Fausto, and about his quinquereme that has been recovered from ancient times and that won the race against the trireme, at the presence of the Most Serene Prince of the Senate, and the entire city of Venice. I received this news last night … I first read [the letter in which you wrote] that the two ships were racing at the same height, sailing in front of the Doge, and that the trireme sometimes passed the quinquereme a little. Then I read your second letter in which you told how Fausto, standing in the middle of the quinquereme, encouraged his rowers to show their virtue, and that, in doing so, he passed the trireme that seemed [immobile] as a rock so quickly that it seemed to everybody a marvelous thing [to see]. I was exulted with happiness you gave me with this news. My happiness doubled in my soul when, slightly later, I read that the Doge, who was hoping that that Fausto would win, was not able to retain his tears from happiness when he saw that his wish came true … Oh, my dear Fausto, how happy you must have been when such a high personality [the Doge], so old and affected by infirmity, cried for he was deeply touched by your victory.
在1529年5月29日的一封信中也提到了五角帆船和Cornera号船的比赛，这封信是由Pietro Bembo（1470-1547）写给Giovan Battista Ramusio（1485-1557）：
我非常高兴地读到了你在过去那封兴高采烈的信中写给我的好消息，关于我们的福斯托的成功和胜利，关于他那艘从古代恢复的五角帆船，在元老院最尊贵的王子和整个威尼斯市的见证下，赢得了与三角帆船的比赛。我昨晚收到这个消息......我首先读到[你写的那封信]，说两艘船在同一高度比赛，在总督面前航行，三桅帆船有时会稍微超过五桅帆船。然后我读了你的第二封信，你在信中讲述了福斯托如何站在五角帆船的中间，鼓励他的划手展示他们的美德，这样做的时候，他很快就超过了看起来像岩石一样[不动的]三角帆船，以至于对每个人来说，这似乎是一件令人惊叹的事情[看到]。我因你给我的这个消息而欣喜若狂。稍后，我读到总督希望福斯托获胜，当他看到他的愿望成真时，我的幸福感倍增......哦，我亲爱的福斯托，当如此高尚的人[总督]，如此年迈和受疾病影响的人，为你的胜利而哭泣，你一定很高兴。
The Naval Career of Vettor Fausto’s Quinquereme
After launching, Fausto’s quinquereme was immediately sent to Greece to protect Venice’s overseas dominions (dominio da mar). On 29 June 1529, the Proveditor to the Fleet Michiel Morosini spoke in front of the senators about the urgency of reorganizing the Venetian fleet since the Holy Roman Emperor was approaching with his navy to the coasts of France.64 Morosini exhorted the Council to finance, to the sum of 15,000 ducats, the Venetian fleet that had just left sailing toward Greece.65 The Sages of the Council, at first reluctant to devote such a huge amount of money to naval warfare, immediately agreed with Morosini’s proposal when they received news that “the Emperor arrived in Monaco, which is dangerously close to Genoa. Thus, in accordance with the Council, yesterday, we have already sent the quinquereme to the Captain of Sea, and we have sent him a letter.
五人桨长船的服役生涯
下水后，福斯托的五角帆船立即被派往希腊，保护威尼斯的海外领地（dominio da mar）。1529年6月29日，舰队监察员Michiel Morosini在参议员面前谈到了重组威尼斯舰队的紧迫性，因为神圣罗马帝国皇帝正带着他的海军向法国海岸逼近。64 Morosini劝说议会为刚刚驶向希腊的威尼斯舰队提供15000个金币的资金。议会的圣人起初不愿意将如此巨额的资金用于海战，但当他们收到 "皇帝抵达摩纳哥，那里离热那亚非常危险 "的消息时，立即同意了莫罗西尼的提议。因此，按照理事会的要求，昨天，我们已经把五角大楼送到了船长那里，我们也给他发了一封信。
Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro was elected Admiral of the Fleet on 10 June 1529. He was an experienced seafarer and had previously been Captain of the Flanders galleys. The Sages of the Council established that Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro had to outfit five light galleys, whose commanders (soracomiti) would have been sier Zuan Francesco Donado, sier Almorò Barbaro, sier David Bembo, sier Zuan Battista Zorzi, and sier Bernardo Sagredo.67 However, given the serious threat of Charles V stationing in France, the Great Council added seven more commanders to those already elected.
1529年6月10日，杰罗拉莫-达-卡-佩萨罗被选为舰队司令。他是一位经验丰富的航海家，以前曾担任过佛兰德斯大帆船的船长。议会的圣人规定Gerolamo da Ca' Pesaro必须装备五艘轻型帆船，其指挥官（soracomiti）应该是sier Zuan Francesco Donado、sier Almorò Barbaro、sier David Bembo、sier Zuan Battista Zorzi和sier Bernardo Sagredo。67 然而，鉴于查理五世驻扎在法国的严重威胁，大议会在已经选出的指挥官之外又增加了七位。
On 18 June 1529 the Senate urged Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro to leave immediately with his fleet, “since we received the news that [Andrea] Doria, who is at the service of Caesar, sailed from Genoa to Barcelona with his galleys and ships. Therefore, we should expect that His Majesty will arrive in Italy soon, and we have to be prepared for this eventuality.” The Venetian fleet’s departure was fixed for the 27th of June. A few days before, on 24 June, the Senate elected Gerolamo da Canal, previously the Captain of the Gulf, as the Captain of the quinquereme. The Senate, given the urgency of the situation, decreed at the very last moment, “without filing any formal request [to the Council] …that also Gerolamo da Canal, captain of the quinquereme, would have left soon”.
1529年6月18日，元老院敦促Gerolamo da Ca' Pesaro立即带着他的舰队离开，"因为我们收到消息，为凯撒服务的[Andrea] Doria带着他的大帆船和船只从热那亚驶向巴塞罗那。因此，我们应该预料到陛下很快就会到达意大利，我们必须为这种可能的情况做好准备"。威尼斯舰队的出发时间定在6月27日。此前几天，即6月24日，元老院选举先前的海湾船长杰罗拉莫-达-卡纳尔为五角帆船的船长。元老院考虑到情况的紧迫性，在最后一刻决定，"在没有向[理事会]提出任何正式请求的情况下......五角帆船的船长杰罗拉莫-达-卡纳尔也将很快离开"。
The historian Sanuto described the preparations of the expedition. On 26 June, the galley of Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro was brought to Saint Mark in order to gild its poop, and during the previous night, by means of huge rollers, the galley was pulled up on shallow waters and put on land. Finally, the galley was adorned with flags, and had a beautiful lantern and other decorations.72 Sanuto also described the departure ceremony. On the morning of 27 June the Admiral Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro accompanied by the Doge, the Senators, noblemen, the procurators, the foreign ambassadors living in Venice, and the commanders of the light galleys, gathered in the Church of Saint Mark for the solemn mass and blessing of the banner depicting the lion of the patron of the Republic of Venice. However, da Canal “while the mass continued, left the church and went to set the benches to his galley, accompanied by Michel Morosini and Zuan Moro, Proveditors of the fleet, and by the other commanders, and then, he went back to the mass”.73 Evidently, Gerolamo da Canal wanted to leave with the Venetian fleet and “wanted to arm and outfit [the quinquereme] now, but the hemp to make the ropes had not yet arrived, and it should have on 20 July”
历史学家萨努托描述了这次远征的准备工作。6月26日，Gerolamo da Ca' Pesaro的船被带到了圣马克，以便为其船首镀金，在前一天晚上，通过巨大的滚轮，船被拉上了浅水区，放到了陆地上。最后，该船被装饰上了旗帜，并有一个美丽的灯笼和其他装饰品。72 萨努托也描述了出发仪式。6月27日上午，海军上将Gerolamo da Ca' Pesaro在总督、参议员、贵族、检察官、居住在威尼斯的外国大使以及轻型帆船的指挥官的陪同下，聚集在圣马可教堂，举行庄严的弥撒，并为描绘威尼斯共和国守护神的狮子的旗帜祈福。然而，达-卡纳尔 "在弥撒继续进行时，离开了教堂，在舰队监察员米歇尔-莫罗西尼和祖安-莫罗以及其他指挥官的陪同下，去给他的帆船安放长椅，然后，他又回到了弥撒现场。"73 显然，杰罗拉莫-达-卡纳尔想和威尼斯舰队一起离开，"想现在武装和装备[五角帆船]，但制作绳索的麻料还没有到，它应该在7月20日到。
The quinquereme, however, was further delayed in its departure and left on 1 August 1529. That morning, the quinquereme slowly left the Arsenal and arrived at the Bridge of the Straw, next to the Doge’s Palace, where the enlistment of the rowers would take place. The presence in Venice of a group of Spanish refugees from Istria was providential. The College immediately enlisted them among the rowers of the quinquereme. It seems that one of the main problems of the quinquereme was gathering 280 oarsmen needed to fill the 28 benches running on either side of the ship. Around mid-August, Gerolamo da Canal departed from Venice. On 10 September 1529, while sailing along the coast of Dalmatia, he wrote a letter to the Senate complaining that “he was not able to find enough rowers, he could not find available men, and that he had only one hundred men, and he needed [more]”. On 19 November the quinquereme arrived in the harbor of Corfu, where it joined the Venetian fleet of the Admiral Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro.77 The Admiral in charge of faithfully reporting to the Venetian Senate all important matters pertaining to the naval expedition wrote a letter to the Senate saying that the quinquereme needed 40 more rowers.
然而，五桅帆船的出发时间又被推迟了，于1529年8月1日离开。那天早上，五桅帆船缓缓地离开了兵工厂，到达了总督府旁边的稻草桥，那里将进行划船手的招募。一群来自伊斯特拉的西班牙难民出现在威尼斯，这是天意。学院立即征召他们成为五角帆船的划船手。似乎五人船的主要问题之一是收集280名桨手，以填补船两侧的28条长凳。大约在8月中旬，Gerolamo da Canal从威尼斯出发了。1529年9月10日，在沿着达尔马提亚海岸航行时，他给元老院写了一封信，抱怨说 "他无法找到足够的划船手，他找不到可用的人，他只有一百个人，他需要[更多]"。11月19日，五桅帆船抵达科孚港，在那里与海军上将杰罗拉莫-达-卡-佩萨罗的威尼斯舰队会合。77 负责向威尼斯元老院忠实报告与海军远征有关的所有重要事项的海军上将给元老院写了一封信，说五桅帆船还需要40名划船手。
In the meantime, at the request of the Senate, Fausto had built two more quinqueremes in the Arsenal of Venice. The two new ships, named Zorzi and Bemba, were sent to join the fleet of Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro. They were assigned to Zuan Battista Zorzi and to David Bembo, respectively.79 Both arrived in Corfu towards the end of November, slightly after the quinquereme of Gerolamo da Canal. The Admiral recorded in his letter to the Senate that Bemba was missing ten rowers.
同时，应元老院的要求，福斯托又在威尼斯的兵工厂建造了两艘五角帆船。这两艘新船被命名为Zorzi和Bemba，被派去加入Gerolamo da Ca' Pesaro的舰队。这两艘船分别被分配给祖安-巴蒂斯塔-佐尔齐和戴维-贝姆博。79 这两艘船在11月底到达科孚岛，比杰罗拉莫-达-运河的五角星船稍晚。海军上将在给元老院的信中记录了本博缺少10名划手。
Soon afterwards the Senate ordered Admiral Gerolamo da Ca’ Pesaro to return to Venice and disarm the galleys, “except those that were in Cyprus, that is to say [the quinquereme] of the Captain Gerolamo da Canal, and ten galleys”.81 At the same time, the Senate allowed the Captain to transfer to his quinquereme the rowers from the ten light galleys that were also in Cyprus. The Senate’s decision to recall and disarm the fleet resulted from the peace concluded on 14 October 1529 by Suleiman I and the Holy Roman Empire.
不久之后，元老院命令海军上将Gerolamo da Ca' Pesaro回到威尼斯并解除了帆船的武装，"除了那些在塞浦路斯的帆船，也就是Gerolamo da Canal船长的[五桅帆船]和十艘帆船"。81 同时，元老院允许船长将同样在塞浦路斯的十艘轻型帆船上的划手调到他的五桅帆船上。苏莱曼一世和神圣罗马帝国在1529年10月14日达成的和平协议使元老院决定召回和解除舰队的武装。
News of the peace arrived in Venice on 29 December, when the Ottoman ambassador docked his ship in front of Saint Mark’s square and was welcomed by Venetian noblemen and former bailo to the Sublime Porte. On the same day, the Senate ratified the peace treaty and ordered the Venetian fleet to return to Venice, leaving the quinquereme behind in Cyprus.83 This decision flamed discussion among the senators and did not meet the approval of a group of patricians, who wanted to keep in Cyprus “the new and well-designed galleys” that had been recently armed at the Arsenal.84 Therefore, the Senate decreed that ten light galleys had to remain in service in Cyprus in order to better protect the Republic’s Stato da mar.
12月29日，和平的消息传到了威尼斯，当时奥斯曼帝国的大使把船停在了圣马可广场前，受到了威尼斯贵族和前最高统治者的欢迎。同一天，元老院批准了和平条约，并命令威尼斯舰队返回威尼斯，将五角帆船留在塞浦路斯。83 这一决定在元老院中引发了讨论，并没有得到一群贵族的赞同，他们希望将最近在兵工厂装备的 "新的和精心设计的大帆船 "留在塞浦路斯。84 因此，元老院下令，10艘轻型大帆船必须留在塞浦路斯服役，以便更好地保护共和国的海洋状态。
From the senatorial decree, we learn that the oarsmen of the ten light galleys, if needed, could have served on board the quinquereme. However, during the first days of January 1530, Captain Gerolamo da Canal sailed to Cephalonia where he enlisted 60 fresh rowers to address the shortage of manpower aboard the quinquereme. On 17 January 1530, from the islet of Hydra (Saronic Islands), Gerolamo wrote a long letter to the Signory, praising the technical features of his quinquereme:
Most Serene Prince,
I did not write earlier to you about the excellent quality of the quinquereme both because you had no doubt about it, and also because I recently joined the Venetian fleet [in Greece]. I assert that the quinquereme is different from the light galley; however, I experienced that the quinquereme has perfect sails, both at the stern and toward the bow, it is seaworthy and, as far as its speed, very few galleys could race with it. When I armed and outfitted the quinquereme, as Your Serenity knows, since there were 49 galleys that were operative on the sea, I thought it would have been better if I enlisted Greek rowers, and recently, I have hired 60 Greeks. Of course, Most Serene Prince, if the quinquereme had a crew of expert and professional rowers, very few galleys or none would be faster than the quinquereme. Moreover, I suggest to Your Serenity with reverence that vessels like the quinquereme should not be operating all the time, but only in case of challenging naval warfare. Moreover, Your Serenity, although I am not an expert on naval warfare, I acknowledge that the quinquereme is the best vessel ever built that is able to defeat any fleet of light galleys. Assuming that you arm ten quinqueremes and place them in front of your fleet of light galleys, I am sure that the quinqueremes would stop any enemy attack and would not permit them to damage the galleys. As I told you, Your Serenity, I am not an expert on naval warfare; however, few captains who are in service of the Venetian fleet fought in as many naval battles as I did. I would like to recommend to you that it would be extremely convenient to build 10 quinqueremes, and you must make sure that these vessels will be ready for use in the future. Surely, this type of vessels cannot be afforded all the time, given both its reputation and its expense. Nonetheless, I wanted to write to you these few words about the quinquereme, as good servants who are in charge of important matters of the Republic are required to do. Your Serenity, then, who is very wise, will decide as he pleases.
从元老院的法令中，我们了解到，如果需要的话，十艘轻型帆船的桨手可以在金雀花号上服务。然而，在1530年1月的头几天，Gerolamo da Canal船长航行到Cephalonia，在那里他招募了60名新的划船手，以解决五角帆船上人手不足的问题。1530年1月17日，在海德拉岛（萨罗尼克群岛），杰罗拉莫给主教写了一封长信，赞扬了他的五桅帆船的技术特点：
最尊贵的亲王，
我没有在早些时候给你写关于昆仑船的优良品质的信，一是因为你对此毫不怀疑，二是因为我最近加入了威尼斯舰队[在希腊]。我断言，五桅帆船不同于轻型帆船；但是，我体会到，五桅帆船有完美的风帆，无论是船尾还是船头，它都是适航的，就其速度而言，很少有帆船能与它比赛。当我武装和装备五桅帆船时，如陛下所知，由于有49艘大帆船在海上作业，我认为如果我招募希腊划船手会更好，最近，我已经雇用了60名希腊人。当然，最尊贵的王子，如果五桅帆船有一队专业的划船手，很少有帆船或没有帆船会比五桅帆船快。此外，我怀着崇敬的心情向皇上建议，像五桅帆船这样的船只不应该一直运行，而应该只在有挑战性的海战中使用。此外，陛下，虽然我不是海战专家，但我承认五角帆船是有史以来最好的船只，能够打败任何一支轻型帆船舰队。假设你武装了十艘昆仑号，并把它们放在你的轻型大帆船舰队前面，我确信昆仑号会阻止敌人的任何攻击，不允许他们损害大帆船。正如我告诉你的，陛下，我不是海战专家；但是，在威尼斯舰队服役的船长很少有像我这样参加过那么多的海战的。我想向您建议，建造10艘五角帆船是非常方便的，您必须确保这些船只在将来可以使用。当然，考虑到其声誉和费用，这种类型的船只不可能一直负担得起。尽管如此，我还是想给您写这些关于昆仑号的文字，因为负责共和国重要事务的好仆人必须这样做。那么，非常明智的安宁阁下将按他的意愿作出决定。
A few months later, Gerolamo da Canal renewed to the Doge his suggestion of providing the Venetian fleet with ten more quinqueremes. In a letter addressed to the Council on 9 March 1530, Gerolamo da Canal reaffirmed the superiority of quinqueremes over light galleys. As confirmation for this, he asserted that he had defeated some galleys of French privateers.87 Indeed, Cristoforo da Canal, the nephew of Gerolamo, in his Della milizia marittima, recalled that Gerolamo da Canal had engaged in a naval battle with the Barbary corsair Bessaguli in waters around Cao Ducato (also known in archival sources as Santa Maura, or modern Lefkada, Albania). Gerolamo had won a crushing victory:
[Gerolamo da Canal], when he was the Captain of the quinquereme, by means of that galley alone, fought for five hours against three galleys of the corsair Bassaguli from Barbary, who had captured two Venetian galleys off Cape Ducato and was about to run away. But he [Gerolamo da Canal], not only defeated him [Bassaguli], but also killed everybody on board and, without reporting any damage for his part, saved the two Venetian galleys.
几个月后，Gerolamo da Canal再次向总督提出了为威尼斯舰队提供十艘五角帆船的建议。在1530年3月9日写给议会的信中，杰罗拉莫-达-卡尔重申了五角帆船比轻型帆船的优势。87 事实上，杰罗拉莫的侄子克里斯托弗罗-达-运河在他的《海上军事》中回忆说，杰罗拉莫-达-运河在考杜卡托（Cao Ducato，在档案资料中也称为圣毛拉，或现代阿尔巴尼亚的莱夫卡达）附近水域与巴巴里海盗贝萨古利进行了一场海战。杰罗拉莫赢得了一场毁灭性的胜利：
[Gerolamo da Canal]在担任五角帆船的船长时，仅凭这艘船就与来自巴巴里的海盗Bassaguli的三艘帆船战斗了五个小时，后者在杜卡托角附近捕获了两艘威尼斯帆船并准备逃跑。但他[杰罗拉莫-达-卡纳尔]，不仅打败了他[巴萨古里]，还杀死了船上的所有人，并且在没有报告任何损失的情况下，保住了那两艘威尼斯大帆船。
Ten days later, Gerolamo da Canal incurred a misfortune, “while sailing in the direction of Crete, there was such a terrible weather for 14 consecutive days that it was impossible to even cover the ship with its awning, and, as a result, many of the crew almost lost their feet from the cold. Sier Piero da Canal, son of sier Jacoino, a relative of Gerolamo da Canal who was onboard [of the quinquereme], died.”89 On 9 May 1530, while still in Crete, Gerolamo da Canal suffered more losses, and wrote to the Signory that “many men aboard the quinquereme had died, and others … could not be paid. He asked for more to be sent to pay the members of the crew, so that those miserable persons can sustain themselves, since they have no means of financing themselves, etc.”90 This pitiful image recalls what Baldissera Quintio Drachio wrote about Fausto’s quinquereme in his Visione at the end of the sixteenth century, “it was not order, but confusion; it was a hospital and a lazaret, or better, it was a spectacle of death”.
10天后，Gerolamo da Canal遭遇了不幸，"在往克里特岛方向航行时，连续14天天气恶劣，甚至无法用遮阳棚遮盖船只，结果许多船员差点被冻死。1530年5月9日，还在克里特岛的Gerolamo da Canal遭受了更多的损失，他给主教写道："五角帆船上的许多人都死了，其他人......无法得到报酬。他要求寄来更多的钱来支付船员的工资，以便这些可怜的人能够维持生计，因为他们没有办法为自己提供资金，等等。"90 这种可怜的形象让人想起16世纪末Baldissera Quintio Drachio在他的Visione中对Fausto的quinquereme的描述，"它不是秩序，而是混乱；它是一个医院和一个lazaret，或者更好，它是一个死亡的景象。"
Despite this misfortune the quinquereme continued to succeed against the enemy. On 9 July 1530, the quinquereme sunk two fustas belonging to Maltese corsairs, and Gerolamo da Canal wrote to the Senate indicating that he had captured a privateer’s ship.92 A week later, the quinquereme arrived at the harbor of Capo Malio (modern Malea promontory, Laconia), to await new instructions from Venice, since the Proveditor of the fleet, Alessandro da Ca’ Pesaro, had just died.93 In Venice, the Senators were discussing the issue of the vacant Admiralty position, mostly because “it is not proper to leave galleys that are at sea without a commander”.94 Therefore, the Sage of the Council proposed to elect ad interim either Gerolamo da Canal or Vincenzo Giustinian, who was the Captain of the bastarde or grand galley.95 The Senators approved and appointed Gerolamo da Canal to the position, and the greatly disappointed Vincenzo Giustinian filed his complaints about the Council’s decision.
尽管有这样的不幸，但五角大楼继续成功地打击了敌人。1530年7月9日，五桅帆船击沉了两艘属于马耳他海盗的船，Gerolamo da Canal写信给元老院，表示他缴获了一艘私掠船。92一周后，五桅帆船抵达Capo Malio（今拉科尼亚的Malea海角）的港口，等待威尼斯的新指示，因为舰队的监察员Alessandro da Ca' Pesaro刚刚去世。在威尼斯，参议员们正在讨论海军部长职位空缺的问题，主要是因为 "让出海的大帆船没有指挥官是不合适的"。94 因此，议会的圣人提议临时选举Gerolamo da Canal或Vincenzo Giustinian，他是bastarde或大帆船的船长。95 参议员们批准并任命Gerolamo da Canal为该职位，大失所望的Vincenzo Giustinian对议会的决定提出申诉。
Thus, Gerolamo da Canal advanced in his career after having fought and defeated many enemy ships and proved himself an expert and qualified captain of the quinquereme. However, the Senate ordered that he had to serve aboard the galley of Alessandro da Ca’ Pesaro. Thus, the senators decreed that the quinquereme, after eleven months of honorable service in the Venetian fleet, had to return to Venice.
因此，杰罗拉莫-达-卡纳尔在与许多敌舰作战并击败它们之后，在他的职业生涯中取得了进步，并证明自己是一名专家和合格的五角帆船船长。然而，元老院命令他必须在亚历山德罗-达-卡-佩萨罗的船队中服务。因此，元老院下令，在威尼斯舰队中光荣服役11个月后，五角帆船必须返回威尼斯。
Conclusion
In the long letter that Gerolamo da Canal wrote to the Signory on 17 January 1530, he had greatly praised the quinquereme and approved Fausto’s technical innovations and work. However, Fausto was well ahead of his time. He was able to combine his theoretical humanistic knowledge with practical shipbuilding skills. No one after him was able to build a galley according to ancient Greek and Roman proportions. His marina architectura lived and died with him. Although Fausto represented an isolated figure and an exception among the shipbuilders in the Venetian Arsenal who relied on empirical shipbuilding practices, he nevertheless profoundly influenced the history of naval architecture. Fausto purported to introduce in naval architecture a shipbuilding principle that he applied in the design of his quinquereme, and the sixteenth century proved to be a period of many technical innovations. Vettor Fausto, although an outsider to the fiercely guarded world of shipbuilding, paved the way for the foundations of a scientific revolution in the conservative realm of the Venetian Arsenal.
结论
在杰罗拉莫-达-卡纳尔1530年1月17日写给主教的长信中，他对五弦琴大加赞赏，并赞同福斯托的技术创新和工作。然而，福斯托远远领先于他的时代。他能够将他的人文理论知识与实际造船技能相结合。在他之后，没有人能够按照古希腊和古罗马的比例来建造一艘船。他的航海建筑学与他同生共死。虽然福斯托是一个孤立的人物，是威尼斯兵工厂中依靠经验造船的造船师中的一个例外，但他还是深刻地影响了海军建筑的历史。福斯托声称在海军建筑中引入了一个造船原则，他在设计他的五角帆船时应用了这一原则，而十六世纪被证明是一个有许多技术革新的时期。Vettor Fausto，尽管是一个被严密保护的造船世界的局外人，却为威尼斯兵工厂的保守领域中的科学革命奠定了基础。
