英语语法系统合集|七七

9独立主格结构，两句歌词一唱就会用!

目录

1.独立主格有什么用

2.独立主格怎么用

(1)转化方法

(2)基本结构

<不能省略being的情况>

3.习题集

1.独立主格有什么用

独立主格结构用处：修饰句子,使句子更加生动。

独立主格结构等于简化后的状语从句/并列句

特点： 自带主语,主句主语和从句主语不一致

例句:

1. A man came in，his face hidden by an upturned coat collar and a cap pilled low over his brow.

2. ''Don't stand in my way,'' Tom yelled out, his voice quivering with rage.

2.独立主格怎么用

(1)转化方法

经典例句:

1) The work (having been) done, we went tomorrow.

------> After the work had been done, we went home.(时间状语)

2) Whether permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.

------> If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.(条件状语)

3) An important lecture to be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.

------> As an important lecture will be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.(原因状语)

4) He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.

------> He was lying on the grass, and his hands were crossed under his head.(伴随状语)

【转为独立主格结构时,如果直接去除连接词，会违背英语中的‘’一个简单句只有一个谓语动词‘’，故去除连接词后需将其他动词变成非谓语。（主句保持原状）

直接根据他们和动作的主被动关系，以及是否需要强调动作先后顺序，来决定它采用哪种形式的非谓语。】

(2)基本结构

1)名词+to do 将作/to be done 将被做···

2)名词+doing主动做,正在做/being done 正在被做/

having done 已经做了/having been done 已经被做了

3)名词+done 被动 做

4)名词+形容词

例句: She sat down on the ground, her face pale with great pain.

(还原成) She sat down on the ground and her face was pale with great pain.[原句]

(或者) She sat down on the ground, and her face being pale with great pain.[相比其他的doinog传递的''主动,进行''的意味,在这个语境当中，倒显得没有特意强调的必要性,所以可以直接将being省略掉。]

(最终变成) She sat down on the ground, her face pale with great pain.

5)名词+副词

She sat at the table,collar being off, head being down, and pen being in position, ready to begin the long letter.(形容词ready作状语，后面可接不定式)(伴随状语)

6)名词+介词短语

例句:(这类独立主格结构，通常会省略名词前的冠词)

1. He was waiting, his eyes on her back.

2. The teacher came in, book in hand.

3. The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand.

7)名词+名词(伴随状语)

例句:

1. The children in the mountainous school received many gifts, most of them being books.

【简化:1）名词+非谓语

2）名词+（being+）形容词/副词/介词短语/名词。】

*8) With复合结构

在以上独立主格结构前加上with即可（基本如此）

在功能上比独立主格结构更强大

特点： 1.可以不用逗号隔开；

2.但名词前的限定词，即冠词和物主代词不能省略

3.介词with后人称代词用宾格

4. 除了状语,With复合结构还经常用来充当定语。

<不能省略being的情况>

1.当独立主格结构的主语是代词时。

例句1. It being Christmas, the government offices were closed。

2.用there be句型表示''有''的时候不能省略。

例句1. There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.

3.习题集

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NO. 20230301