高考英语高频单词精讲【3】（每篇含40个单词）
V3
1. advertise [ˈædvətaɪz]
v.
1)（为......）做广告；登广告
~ sth (as sth)
If you want to attract more customers, try advertising in the local paper.
如果你要吸引更多顾客，就试试在当地报纸登广告。
The cruise was advertised as the ‘journey of a lifetime’.
这次航行被宣传为“终生难得的旅行”。
2)（在报纸、公共场所公告牌、互联网等上）公布，征聘
~ (for sb/sth)
We are currently advertising for a new sales manager.
目前我们公开征聘一位新的销售经理。
We advertised the concert quite widely.
我们为这次音乐会做了相当广泛的宣传。
3)展现，宣传（自己的事）
I wouldn't advertise the fact that you don't have a work permit.
我不会向外声张你没有工作许可证这件事。
2. advertisement [ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt] [ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt]
n.
1)广告；启事
~ (for sth)
Put an advertisement in the local paper to sell your car.
在当地报纸登一则广告来出售你的汽车。
2)广告（样）品
~ for sth
Dirty streets and homelessness are no advertisement for a prosperous society.
肮脏的街道和无家可归现象绝不是繁荣社会的景象。
3)广告活动；广告宣传
3. advice [ədˈvaɪs]
n.劝告；忠告；建议；意见
~ (on sth)
advice on road safety
有关道路安全的建议
Follow your doctor's advice .
要遵从医嘱。
Let me give you a piece of advice .
让我给你一个忠告。
4. advise [ədˈvaɪz]
v.
1)劝告；忠告；建议
~ (sb) (against sth/against doing sth)
I would strongly advise against going out on your own.
我要极力奉劝你别单独外出。
I'd advise you not to tell him.
我劝你别告诉他。
I'd advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.
要是想在八月份去旅行，我建议及早购票。
2)出主意；提出建议；提供咨询
~ (sb) on sth | ~ (sb) about sth/about doing sth
We employ an expert to advise on new technology.
我们聘用了一位专家担任新技术顾问。
3)通知；正式告知
syn: inform
~ sb (of sth)
Please advise us of any change of address.
如地址有变，敬请告知。
5. advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt , ˈædvəkət]
v.拥护；支持；提倡
The group does not advocate the use of violence.
该团体不支持使用暴力。
Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
n.
1)拥护者；支持者；提倡者
~ (of/for sth/sb)
an advocate for hospital workers
医院工作人员的支持者
a staunch advocate of free speech
言论自由的坚定拥护者
2)辩护律师；出庭辩护人
6. aeroplane [ˈeərəpleɪn] [ˈerəpleɪn] n.飞机
7. affair [əˈfeə(r)] [əˈfer]
n.
1)[pl.] 公共事务；政治事务
world/international/business affairs
世界 / 国际 / 商业事务
2)[C, usually sing.] 事件；事情
She wanted the celebration to be a simple family affair .
她希望庆祝活动仅限于家人参加。
3)[pl.] 私人业务
I looked after my father's financial affairs.
我照管父亲的财务。
4)[sing.] 个人的事
syn: business
How I spend my money is my affair.
我如何用钱是我自己的事。
8. affect [əˈfekt]
v.
1)影响
Your opinion will not affect my decision.
你的意见不会影响我的决定。
2)(of a disease 疾病) 侵袭；使感染
The condition affects one in five women.
每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。
3)（感情上）深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯等）
They were deeply affected by the news of her death.
她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
4)假装
She affected a calmness she did not feel.
她强装镇静。
n.【心】情感；【数】偏差
9. affection [əˈfekʃn]
n.
1)喜爱；钟爱
[U, sing.] ~ (for sb/sth)
I have a great affection for New York.
我很喜欢纽约。
2)[pl.] (formal) 爱情
Anne had two men trying to win her affections.
安妮有两个男人追求。
10. afford [əˈfɔːd]
v.
1)（通常与can、could或be able to连用，尤用于否定句或疑问句) 买得起；（有时间）做，能做
Can we afford a new car?
我们买得起一辆新车吗？
He couldn't afford the money to go on the trip.
他不够钱去进行这次旅行。
She felt she couldn't afford any more time off work.
她觉得再也抽不出时间歇班了。
2) (通常与can或could连用，尤用于否定句或疑问句) 承担得起（后果）
They could ill afford to lose any more staff.
他们再也不能损失员工了。
We cannot afford any more delays.
我们不能再有任何耽搁了。
3)提供；给予
The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.
这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。
11. afraid [əˈfreɪd]
adj.
1)害怕，畏惧（可能受伤害、受苦）
~ (of sb/sth) | ~ (of doing sth) | ~ (to do sth)
Are you afraid of spiders?
你怕蜘蛛吗？
I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night.
我开始害怕夜间单独外出了。
She was afraid to open the door.
她不敢开门。
2)担心（会发生某事）
~ of doing sth | ~ to do sth | ~ (that…)
She was afraid of upsetting her parents.
她担心会使她父母不安。
Don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.
你要是不懂，尽管问好了。
We were afraid (that) we were going to capsize the boat.
我们担心会把船弄翻。
3)担心，生怕（将发生不快、不幸或危险的事）
~ for sb/sth
I'm not afraid for me, but for the baby.
我担心的不是自己，而是婴儿。
They had already fired three people and he was afraid for his job.
他们已经解雇了三人，所以他为他的工作担忧。
12. Africa ['æfrɪkə] [ˈæfrəkə] n.非洲
13. African [ˈæfrɪkən]
adj.非洲的
n.非洲人（尤指黑人）
14. after [ˈɑːftə(r)] [ˈæftər]
prep.
1)（时间）在......后
We'll leave after lunch.
我们将在午饭后动身。
2)（表示反复不断或一个接着一个）
… after…
day after day of hot weather
日复一日的炎热天气
I've told you time after time not to do that.
我一再告诉过你不要干那件事。
3)跟随；追赶；在（某人）后面
Shut the door after you.
随手关门。
He ran after her with the book.
他拿着那本书在后面追赶她。
4)（按顺序、重要性）在......后面，仅次于
Your name comes after mine in the list.
在名单上你的名字在我的后面。
5)与......对照；与......对比
It was pleasantly cool in the house after the sticky heat outside.
与户外的湿热相比，屋里真是凉爽惬意。
6)鉴于；由于
I'll never forgive him after what he said.
由于他说了那些话，我永远也不会原谅他。
7)尽管；虽然
I can't believe she'd do that, not after all I've done for her.
在我为她做了这一切之后，我无法相信她会那样做。
8)寻找；追捕
The police are after him.
警方正在追捕他。
He's after a job at our place.
他到我们这儿找工作。
9)关于
She asked after you (= how you were) .
她问候你。
10)模仿；依照
a painting after Goya
一幅仿戈雅的画
11)......后的
an after-school club
课外活动俱乐部
after all 毕竟；终归
conj.在......以后
adv.后来；以后
I could come next week, or the week after.
我可能下周来，或者再下一周。
adj.后来的；以后的
in after years
在以后的岁月中
15. afternoon [ˌɑːftəˈnuːn] [ˌæftərˈnuːn]
n.下午（中午12点至下午6点左右）
this/yesterday/tomorrow afternoon
今天 / 昨天 / 明天下午
In the afternoon they went shopping.
他们下午去购物了。
16. afterward(s) [ˈɑːftəwədz] [ˈæftərwərdz]
adv.以后；后来
Afterwards she was sorry for what she'd said.
后来她后悔说了那些话。
Let's go out now and eat afterwards.
咱们现在出去，然后再吃饭。
17. again [əˈɡen]
adv.
1)再一次；又一次
When will I see you again?
我何时能再见到你？
This must never happen again.
这种事再也不能发生了。
2)返回原处；复原
He was glad to be home again.
他很高兴又回到家了。
You'll soon feel well again.
你很快就会康复的。
3)再说；其次
And again, we must think of the cost.
再说，我们必须考虑成本。
4)请再说一遍
What was the name again?
叫什么名字，再说一遍好不好？
(every) now and again/then
有时；偶尔；时常
(the) same again
(informal) 同样的（饮料）再来一份
18. against [əˈɡenst]
prep.
1)反对；与......相反；逆；违反
the fight against terrorism
反对恐怖主义的斗争
That's against the law.
那是违法的。
She was forced to marry against her will.
她被迫违心地嫁了人。
2)对......不利
The evidence is against him.
证据对他不利。
3)紧靠；倚；碰；撞
Put the piano there, against the wall.
把钢琴放在那儿，紧靠着墙。
The rain beat against the windows.
雨点击打着窗户。
4)以防
They took precautions against fire.
他们采取了防火措施。
5)以......为背景；衬托
His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.
他的红衣服在白雪中格外显眼。
6)和......相比
You must weigh the benefits against the cost.
你一定要权衡利益与成本二者的得失。
19. age [eɪdʒ]
n.
1)年龄
He left school at the age of 18.
他18岁读完中学。
2)年龄段
He died of old age.
他终其天年。
3)（历史上的）时代，时期
the age of the computer
计算机时代
4)老年；陈年；破旧；老化
The jacket was showing signs of age.
这件夹克已露出破旧的痕迹。
v.
1)变老
As he aged, his memory got worse.
他随着年事增高，记忆力就变差了。
2)使显老；使变老；使苍老
The shock has aged her.
这次打击让她显得苍老了。
3)（使）成熟，变陈
The cheese is left to age for at least a year.
这种奶酪至少要搁一年才成熟。
20. agency [ˈeɪdʒənsi]
n.
1)服务机构；（尤指）代理机构，经销机构
an advertising/employment agency
广告公司；职业介绍所
You can book at your local travel agency .
你可以在当地的旅行社订票。
2)（政府的）专门机构
21. agenda [əˈdʒendə]
n.（会议的）议程表，议事日程
The next item on the agenda is the publicity budget.
议程表上的下一项是宣传预算。
22. agent [ˈeɪdʒənt]
n.
1)（企业、政治等的）代理人，经纪人
an insurance agent
保险经纪人
2)（演员、音乐家、运动员、作家等的）代理人，经纪人
a theatrical/literary agent
剧院经纪人；文稿（出版）代理人
23. aggression [əˈɡreʃn]
n.
1)好斗情绪；攻击性
The research shows that computer games may cause aggression.
研究显示，电脑游戏可能引起好斗情绪。
2)侵犯；挑衅；侵略
unprovoked military aggression
无端军事侵犯
24. aggressive [əˈɡresɪv]
adj.
1)好斗的；挑衅的；侵略的；富于攻击性的
He gets aggressive when he's drunk.
他喝醉了就喜欢寻衅滋事。
2)气势汹汹的；声势浩大的；志在必得的
A good salesperson has to be aggressive in today's competitive market.
在当今竞争激烈的市场上，一个好的销售员应该有进取精神。
25. ago [əˈɡəʊ]
adv.（与动词简单过去时连用）以前
two weeks/months/years ago
两周 / 两月 / 两年以前
The letter came a few days ago.
这封信是几天前寄来的。
26. agree [əˈɡriː]
v.
1)同意；赞成
~ (with sb) (about/on sth) | ~ (with sth)
He agreed with them about the need for change.
他同意他们需要变革的意见。
2)（对......）取得一致意见，一致同意
be agreed (on/about sth) | be agreed (that…)
Are we all agreed on this?
我们在这个问题上是不是全体意见一致？
It was agreed (that) we should hold another meeting.
大家一致同意我们应该再开一次会。
3)应允；答应；同意
~ (to sth)
Do you think he'll agree to their proposal?
你认为他会同意他们的建议吗？
4)商定；约定
Can we agree a price?
我们可不可以商定一个价格？
5)批准，认可（计划、要求等）
syn: approve
Next year's budget has been agreed.
明年的预算已获批准。
6)（与......）相符，一致
~ (with sth)
The figures do not agree.
这些数字不相符。
Your account of the accident does not agree with hers.
你对事故的叙述与她的叙述不一致。
27. agreement [əˈɡriːmənt]
n.
1)协定；协议；契约
~ (with sb) | ~ (between A and B)
An agreement was finally reached between management and employees.
劳资双方终于达成了协议。
2)（意见或看法）一致
The two sides failed to reach agreement .
双方未能取得一致意见。
3)应允；同意
You'll have to get your parents' agreement if you want to go on the trip.
你要想去旅行就必须征得父母的同意。
28. agricultural [ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl] adj.农业的；农用的；(地区或社会)以农业为主的，农业高度发达的
29. agriculture [ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)] n.农业；农学；农艺
30. ahead [əˈhed]
adv.
1)（时间、空间）向前面，在前面
I'll run ahead and warn them.
我要跑在前头，警告他们。
This will create problems in the months ahead.
在以后的几个月中这个就要出问题。
2)提前；预先；提早
syn: in advance
The party was planned weeks ahead.
聚会提前几个星期就已筹划好了。
3)占优势；领先
Our team was ahead by six points.
我们队领先六分。
31. aid [eɪd]
n.
1)援助；救援物资；援助款项
economic/humanitarian/emergency aid
经济 / 人道主义 / 紧急援助
2)（完成某工作所需的）帮助，助手，辅助物
This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.
这项工作不用计算机是不行的。
in aid of sth/sb 为了帮助某事物 / 人
v.帮助；援助
~ (sb/sth) (in sth/in doing sth) | ~ sb (with sth)
They were accused of aiding him in his escape.
他们被控帮助他逃跑。
32. AIDS [eɪdz] n.艾滋病（全写为Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome，获得性免疫缺陷综合征）
33. aim [eɪm]
n.
1)目的；目标
Our main aim is to increase sales in Europe.
我们的主要目标是增加在欧洲的销售量。
2)瞄准
Her aim was good and she hit the lion with her first shot.
她瞄得准，第一枪就打中了狮子。
v.
1)力求达到；力争做到
~ (at doing sth) | ~ (at/for sth)
They're aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.
他们力求做到在年底前人人得到培训。
We should aim for a bigger share of the market.
我们应该努力争取更大的市场份额。
2)目的是；旨在
be aimed at
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
3)瞄准；对准
~ (sth) (at sb/sth) | ~ (for sb/sth)
I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.
我对准树射击，不料误中了汽车。
34. air [eə(r)]
n.
1)空气
Let's go out for some fresh air .
咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。
2)空中；天空
I kicked the ball high in/into the air .
我把球高高地踢到空中。
3)（飞行的）空中，天空
It only takes three hours by air (= in a plane) .
乘飞机只要三个小时。
4) 感觉；印象；神态
The room had an air of luxury.
房间具有豪华的气派。
in the air
在传播中；流行；可感觉到的
on/off (the) air
正在 / 停止播送（电视、广播）
v.播出；播送
The show will be aired next Tuesday night.
这个节目将在下周二夜间播出。
35. aircraft [ˈeəkrɑːft] [ˈerkræft] n.飞机；航空器
36. airline [ˈeəlaɪn] n.航空公司
37. airmail [ˈeəmeɪl] n.航空邮递；航空邮件
38. airplane [ˈeəpleɪn] n.飞机
39. airport [ˈeəpɔːt] n.航空站；航空港；机场
40. airspace [ˈeəspeɪs] n.领空；（某国的）空域
