IAEA综合报告翻译（执行摘要）

Executive Summary执行摘要

In April 2021, the Government of Japan released its Basic Policy on Handling of ALPS Treated Water at the Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings’(TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (Basic Policy). This policy resulted from a programme of review by the relevant Japanese government ministries, and TEPCO, about how to manage the accumulating ALPS treated water stored on site at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). 

2021年4月，日本政府发布了《东京电力公司福岛第一核电站ALPS处理水基本政策》(以下简称《基本政策》)。这一政策出自日本政府相关部委和东京电力公司( TEPCO )关于如何处理福岛第一核电站( FDNPS )现场储存的囤积ALPS处理水的计划。

The Basic Policy describes, among other topics, the method selected by the Government of Japan for the handling of the Advanced Liquid Processing System (ALPS) treated water which was to discharge the treated water into the sea.

《基本政策》陈述了日本政府对 ALPS处理水的处理方法，即将处理后的核污水排入大海。

Following the announcement of this policy, the Government of Japan requested that the IAEA conduct a detail review of the safety related aspects of handling ALPS treated water stored at FDNPS, applying the relevant international safety standards. 

在此政策公布后，日本政府要求国际原子能机构根据相关的国际安全标准，对处理储存在福岛第一核电厂的ALPS处理水的安全相关方面进行详细的审查。（意思大概是，我们也不想管的，他非要找我们？）

The IAEA Director General accepted this request and noted the IAEA’s commitment to being involved before, during, and after the ALPS treated water discharges. The IAEA is conducting this review in compliance with its relevant IAEA statutory functions, in particular, that established in Article 3.A.6 of the IAEA Statute which declares that the Agency is authorized:

国际原子能机构总干事接受了这一请求，并承诺到国际原子能机构承诺在ALPS处理水排放之前、期间和之后参与其中。国际原子能机构正在根据《国际原子能机构规约》所规定的的3.A.6条对其进行审查。

To establish or adopt, in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned, standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property (including such standards for labour conditions), ... and to provide for the application of these standards, ... at the request of a State, to any of that State’s activities in the field of atomic energy.

这一段是国际原子能机构规约，因此省略不翻译。

In July 2021, the IAEA and the Government of Japan signed the Terms of Reference for IAEA Assistance to Japan on Review of Safety Aspects of ALPS Treated Water at TEPCO’s FDNPS. The IAEA activities in this regard consist of a technical review to assess whether the actions of TEPCO and the Government of Japan to discharge the ALPS treated water over the coming decades are consistent with international safety standards.

2021年7月，国际原子能机构与日本政府签署了《国际原子能机构援助日本关于在东京电力公司FDNPS对ALPS处理水的安全方面进行审查的职权范围》。国际原子能机构在这方面的活动包括技术审查，以评估未来几十年东电的操作，和日本政府排放ALPS处理水的行动是否符合国际安全标准。

The IAEA is also undertaking all necessary activities for the corroboration of the source and environmental monitoring programmes of TEPCO and the Government of Japan before, during and after the discharges. The IAEA’s review is organized into the following three major components to ensure all key safety elements are adequately addressed: 1) Assessment of Protection and Safety, 2) Regulatory Activities and Processes, and 3) Independent Sampling, Data Corroboration, and Analysis.

国际原子能机构还在开展所有必要的活动，以核实东京电力和日本政府在排放前、排放中和排放后的源和环境监测方案。国际原子能机构的审查分为以下三个主要部分，以确保所有关键的安全要素都得到充分的处理：1 )保护和安全评估；2 )监管活动和过程；3 )独立抽样、数据核实和分析。

To implement the IAEA’s review in a transparent and inclusive manner, the IAEA Director General established a Task Force. The Task Force operates under the authority of the IAEA and is chaired by a senior IAEA official. 

为了以透明和包容的方式实施国际原子能机构的审查，国际原子能机构总干事成立了一个工作组。该工作组在国际原子能机构的授权下运作，并由一名国际原子能机构高级官员担任主席。

The Task Force includes experts from the IAEA Secretariat alongside internationally recognized independent experts with extensive experience from a wide range of technical specialties from Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, France, the Marshall Islands, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, the United States and Viet Nam. 

该工作组的成员包括来自国际原子能机构秘书处的专家，以及来自阿根廷、澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、法国、马绍尔群岛、大韩民国（非重点，虽然the Republic of Korea确实是韩国的正式名称，但是为啥就你是因为正式名称啊，我们中国怎么不是the People's Republic of China）、俄罗斯联邦、英国、美国和越南的具有丰富经验的国际公认的独立专家。

These independent experts provide advice and serve on the Task Force in their individual professional capacity to help ensure the IAEA’s review is comprehensive, benefits from the best international expertise and includes a diverse range of technical viewpoints.

这些独立专家以其个人专业能力的角度为工作组提供咨询和服务，以帮助确保IAEA的审查是全面的，受益于最佳的国际专业知识，并包括各种不同的技术观点。

Since September 2021 when the IAEA Task Force held its first meeting, there have been five review missions, six technical reports, and numerous Task Force meetings. A summary of these activities and key milestones are included in Annex 1.

自2021年9月国际原子能机构特别工作组召开第一次会议以来，先后召开了5次审议任务、6次技术报告和多次特别工作组会议。这些活动和关键结论的总结将在附件1中呈现。

Throughout this process the Task Force received information from the Government of Japan and TEPCO which helped the experts to better understand the technical and regulatory aspects of the planned discharges of ALPS treated water.

在整个过程中，工作组收到了日本政府和东电的信息，这些信息有助于专家更好地了解ALPS处理水计划排放的技术和法规方面。（见上一篇，在福岛核泄漏事件还未升级时都藏着掖着不肯给，并且东电有多年劣迹斑斑的篡改数据前科，这个“信息”到底有多少信息，大家自己品）

The technical reports of the missions include summaries of the IAEA’s review and show the progress made by TEPCO and the Government of Japan. Over the past two years, the Task Force and the Government of Japan have identified and built on the observations from these previous missions and the IAEA is now in a position to draw comprehensive conclusions about the safety of the discharge.

审议任务的技术报告包括对国际原子能机构审议情况的总结以及东京电力公司和日本政府的进展情况。在过去的两年中，工作组和日本政府确定并建立了这些审议任务的观察，IAEA现在有能力得出关于排放安全的全面结论。

Additionally, this review is occurring concurrently with Japan’s Nuclear Regulation Authority’s (NRA) domestic regulatory review and approval. Therefore, the insights from the IAEA’s review were considered in the domestic process in a timely and beneficial manner.

此外，该审查与日本核管理局( NRA )的国内法规审查和批准同时进行。因此，国际原子能机构的审查意见在国内进程中得到了及时和有益的考虑。（能有啥国内进程，说的好像日本老百姓说的话日本政府听似的）

This comprehensive report includes explanations and insights over a broad range of topics that are important to understanding the overall safety-related aspects of this process; this represents the “before” stage of the IAEA’s review as noted by the IAEA Director General.

这份综合报告包含了对理解这一过程中与安全有关的总体方面非常重要的广泛主题的解释和见解；这代表了国际原子能机构总干事指出的国际原子能机构审议的"事前"阶段。

The purpose of this comprehensive report is to present the IAEA’s final conclusions and findings of the technical review to assess whether the planned operation to discharge the ALPS treated water into the Pacific Ocean over the coming decades is consistent with relevant international safety standards. 

本报告的目的是介绍国际原子能机构( IAEA )技术审查的最终结论和发现，以评估未来几十年向太平洋排放ALPS处理水的计划操作是否符合相关的国际安全标准。

The reviews of individual topics included in this comprehensive report are based on hundreds of pages of technical and regulatory documentation, condensed and summarized to help make the conclusions from the IAEA’s review more accessible and understandable for the general public. A summary of relevant international safety standards is included in Annex 2.

这份综合报告所包含的个别议题的审议以数百页的技术和监管文件为基础，经过凝练和总结，使国际原子能机构的审议结论更容易为公众所理解和接受。相关国际安全标准汇总见附件2。

In order to fully assess whether the ALPS treated water discharge is conducted in a manner that is consistent with relevant international safety standards, the Task Force considered the Fundamental Principles for Safety, the Safety Requirements, and the supporting Safety Guides, published by the IAEA. 

为了全面评估ALPS处理水排放是否符合国际相关安全标准，工作组参考了国际原子能机构发布的《安全基本原则》、《安全要求》和配套的《安全指南》。

These standards are standards of safety for the protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property. In compliance with the IAEA’s statutory functions, these international safety standards are developed and co-sponsored in consultation with and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with specialized agencies. 

这些标准是为了保护健康和最大限度地减少对生命和财产的危险而制定的安全标准。根据国际原子能机构的法定职能，这些国际安全标准是在与联合国主管机关和专门机构协商并在适当情况下共同制定的。

They serve as a global reference for protecting people and the environment and contribute to a harmonized high level of safety worldwide.

它们为保护人类和环境提供了全球参考，并有助于在全球范围内实现协调的高水平安全。

This report includes an assessment of the application of the fundamental safety principles, the relevant safety requirements, and supporting safety guides. It is important to note that in the application of the international safety standards, their principles and technical considerations, must be adapted to national circumstances.

本报告包括对基本安全原则、相关安全要求和配套安全指南的应用评估。值得注意的是，在应用国际安全标准时，其原则和技术考虑，必须与本国国情相适应。

Based on its comprehensive assessment, the IAEA has concluded that the approach to the discharge of ALPS treated water into the sea, and the associated activities by TEPCO, NRA, and the Government of Japan, are consistent with relevant international safety standards.

国际原子能机构在综合评估的基础上认为，东京电力公司、日本环保署和日本政府的ALPS处理水入海排放方式和相关活动符合相关国际安全标准。

The IAEA recognizes that the discharge of the ALPS treated water has raised societal, political and environmental concerns, associated with the radiological aspects. However, the IAEA has concluded, based on its comprehensive assessment, that the discharge of the ALPS treated water, as currently planned by TEPCO, will have a negligible radiological impact on people and the environment. 

 IAEA认识到，ALPS处理水的排放因与放射因素有关而引起了社会、政治和环境方面的关注。然而，根据国际原子能机构( IAEA )的综合评估，目前由东电规划的ALPS处理水的排放对人和环境产生的放射性影响将是可忽略的。（这一部分后面他有大量的分析，图表，说的是挺中肯的，其中涉及到很专业的东西，我其实看不太懂，有兴趣同学可以找报告看，就在官网上）

Notwithstanding the above conclusions, the IAEA notes that once any discharges begin, many of the technical topics reviewed and assessed by the Task Force will need to be revisited by the IAEA at various times to assess the consistency of activities during the operation of the ALPS treated water discharges with relevant international safety standards.

尽管有上述结论，但IAEA也认为，一旦开始排放，特别工作组审查和评估的许多技术话题将需要在不同时间被国际原子能机构重新评估，以评估ALPS处理水排放运行期间的相关标准与国际安全标准是否保持一致。

On May 2023, the IAEA published a report detailing the results of the first interlaboratory comparison conducted for the determination of radionuclides in samples of ALPS treated water. These findings provide confidence in TEPCO’s capability for undertaking accurate and precise measurements related to the discharge of ALPS treated water. 

2023年5月，国际原子能机构发布了一份报告，详细介绍了ALPS处理水样品中放射性核素测定的首次实验室间比对结果。这些发现为TEPCO能够对ALPS处理水的排放进行准确和精确的测量提供了信心。

Furthermore, based on the observations of the IAEA, TEPCO has demonstrated that it has a sustainable and robust analytical system in place to support the ongoing technical needs at FDNPS during the discharge of ALPS treated water.

此外，根据IAEA 的观察，东电已证明其拥有一个可持续的稳健的分析系统，以支持FDNPS（复习一下，是福岛第一核电厂的英文缩写）在ALPS处理水排放过程中的持续技术需求。

The IAEA is committed to engaging with Japan on the discharge of ALPS treated water not only before, but also during, and after the treated water discharges occur. The findings above relate to activities the Task Force performed before the water discharges start.

IAEA致力于解决日本的ALPS处理水的排放问题，不仅在处理水排放之前，也在期间和之后。上述调查结果与工作组在排水开始前开展的活动有关。

However, the work of the IAEA and the Task Force will continue for many years. The IAEA will maintain an onsite presence at FDNPS throughout its review and will publish available data for use by the global community, including the provision of real-time and near real-time monitoring data from FDNPS. 

但是，国际原子能机构和工作组的工作仍将持续多年。国际原子能机构将在整个审查期间坚守在福岛第一核电站，并将公布可供全球社会使用的数据，包括提供来自FDNPS的实时和近实时监测数据。

Additional review and monitoring activities are envisaged that will continue and which will provide additional transparency and reassurance to the international community by continuously providing for the application of the relevant international safety standards.

我们预计将继续开展更多的审查和监测活动，通过不断规定相关国际安全标准的适用，为国际社会提供更多的透明度和保证。