【2.22早间】为什么打哈欠?会传染?

Question1:
Our first physiological hypothesis states that contagious yawning is triggered by a specific ______ —— an initial yawn.
A.stimulus
B.stipulate
答案:
A选项正确。A选项stimulus的意思是“刺激物”,听力中提到:“我们的第一个生理学假说就是,打哈欠之所以会传染,是因为被一种特殊的刺激物所引发——第一个哈欠”,B选项stipulate的意思是“规定”,与原文不符合。
Question2:
The first hypothesis is that contagious yawning is like the dominos that you can't stop it until the process ends.
A.True.
B.False.
答案:
A选项正确。听力原文中提到:“Similar to a domino effect … once this reflex is triggered, it must run its course.”,由此可知,打哈欠的传染性就像是多米诺骨牌一样,一旦开始,就必须完成整个过程,才能停止。
今日单词:
phenomenon n. (尤指不寻常的或有趣的)现象
contagious adj. 有感染力的
trigger v. (引起)一件事或情况
今日短语:
be known as 通常名叫
domino effect 多米诺(骨牌)效应
run its course 持续到自然结束
课外加餐:
打哈欠为什么会传染?
打哈欠触发的一系列行为,通常是由于情绪共鸣、大脑模仿行为、从众心理等导致的。
1.情绪共鸣:如一个人出现打哈欠的行为,周围人会产生共鸣情绪,也感受到同样的情绪,这种情况下人们就会不自觉出现打哈欠的行为。
2.大脑模仿行为:周围人在做出打哈欠的动作时,自身视觉会对大脑皮层作出刺激反应,本能做出打哈欠的行为。
3.从众心理:人们行为通常会受到周围环境影响,如果这时候有人做出打哈欠的行为,那么其余人就会收到心理暗示,从而做出打哈欠的行为。
逐句精听(机翻)
Have you ever yawned because somebody else yawned? You aren't especially tired, yet suddenly your mouth opens wide, and a big yawn comes out.
你曾经因为别人打哈欠而打哈欠吗?你不是特别累,但突然你的嘴张得大大的,打了一个大大的哈欠。
This phenomenon is known as “contagious yawning”. And while scientists still don't fully understand why it happens, there are many hypothesis currently being researched.
这种现象被称为传染性哈欠。虽然科学家们还没有完全理解为什么会发生这种情况,但目前有许多假设正在研究中。
Our first physiological hypothesis states that contagious yawning is triggered by a specific stimulus, an initial yawn.
我们的第一个生理学假设是,传染性哈欠是由一个特定的刺激,即最初的哈欠引发的。
This is called "fixed action pattern". Think of fixed action pattern, like a reflex.
这被称为“固定动作模式”。这是一种固定的行为模式,就像条件反射一样。
Your yawn makes me yawn. Similar to a domino effect. One person's yawn triggers a yawn in a person nearby that has observed the act.
你的哈欠让我也打哈欠。类似于多米诺骨牌效应。一个人的打哈欠会引起附近观察到这一行为的人的打哈欠。
Once this reflex is triggered, it must run its course. Have you ever tried to stop a yawn once it has begun? Basically impossible!
一旦这种反射被触发,就必须顺其自然。你有没有试过在打哈欠开始的时候阻止它?基本上不可能的!